Exam 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is Archaeology
Study of past humans through material remains.
What is cultural anthropology?
Study of human cultures, including language, economic, and social systems.
What is biological anthropology?
Study of human biology, past and present, including evolution and diversity.
What is linguistic anthropology?
Study of human languages and their cultural context.
What is Stratigraphy?
Study of soil layers based on the law of superposition. Undisturbed layers are older the lower it goes.
What are artifacts?
Human-made objects.
What are ecofacts
Organic materials
provenience vs provenance
Provenience: exact location where artifacts are found.
Provenance: history of an artifact ownership.
What is Antiquarianism?
Early collection of classical art and antiquities.
What is Unilinear Evolution?
Savagery –> barbarian –> civilization
What is processual Archaeology?
Focus on scientific methods and hypothesis testing.
What is Post-Processual Archaeology?
Focus on biases in research and multiple interpretations of the past.
What are biofacts?
Organic remains.
What are features?
Non-portable elements
What are sites?
Location of past human activities.
What is a surface survey?
Observing artifacts on the ground.
What is a subsurface survey?
Using tools like shovel test pits.
What is remote sensing?
Aerial methods such as LiDAR and satellite images.
What is Test Pit Excavation?
Sampling small areas.
What is a wheeler box grid?
Combines verticle and horizontal excavation strategies.
What is relative dating?
Determining the age of an artifact based on its context.
What is absolute dating?
Determining an exact age using techniques like dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating.
What is experimental archaeology?
Replicating past human activities to understand their behavior.
What is Lithic Analysis?
Study of Stone tools and their production
