Exam 1

Question 0

Signs of disturbances

Answer 0

Symptoms

Question 1

A condition that results from any structural defect or functional impairment of the animal body

Answer 1

Disease

Question 2

Capable of being easily spread

Answer 2

Infectious disease

Question 3

The promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by maintenance of sanitary ( clean) conditions

Answer 3

Sanitation

Question 4

Farm animals kept or raised to produce food or fiber (are for its labor) for use and profit

Answer 4

Livestock

Question 5

Occur most often in certain states countries or continents

Answer 5

Endemic

Question 6

Climatic seasons

Answer 6

Winter, spring, summer, fall, rainy

Question 7

Physiological seasons

Answer 7

Breeding birthing milking

Question 8

Intrinsic causes of disease

Answer 8

Genus, species, breed, genetic, age, sex, endocrine, neoplasms

Question 9

Extrinsic causes of disease

Answer 9

Living Agents: bacteria, viruses, fungi, Protozoa

Non-Living Agents: trauma, temperature, poisons

Question 10

Stress causes the ________ system to go down

Answer 10

Immune

Question 11

A disease that may be transmitted from one individual to another by direct or indirect contact

Answer 11

Contagious disease

Question 12

( True or False) all contagious diseases are infectious but not all infectious diseases are contagious

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Sources of infection are

Answer 13

Direct or indirect contact with a disease individual, contact through fomites, contact with disease carriers( not showing symptoms), infection through soil, food, & water airborne infections, bloodsucking Arthropods

Question 14

( True or False) treat all microorganism as if they are severe threat to the health of the animal

Answer 14

True

Question 15

( True or False) sanitizers do not destroy or eliminate all micro organisms but reduce the number of microbial contamination

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The destruction of all infective and reproductive forms of all micro organisms

Answer 16

Sterilization

Question 17

Methods of sterilization

Answer 17

Gas radiation steam boiling water flame UV light ultrasound chemicals pasteurization

Question 18

The destruction of all growing forms of micro organisms but not necessarily the spore forms of disease producing micro organisms

Answer 18

Disinfection

Question 19

7 classes if disinfectants

Answer 19

Alcohol, halogens, quaternary ammonium, phenol ,coal tar ,aldehydes ,oxidizing agents

Question 20

Two major categories of flies

Answer 20

Stable and house flies

Question 21

Stable flies are bitting flies that suck blood ( True or False)

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Stable flies reduce ______ gains, _________ production, and feed ___________

Answer 22

Weigh, milk, efficiency

Question 23

( True or False) cattle under attack by stable flies will bunch together trying to protect their front legs which is a favorite feeding site of the flies

Answer 23

True

Question 24

________ is expended by foot stomping, tail switching, and head throwing all in attempt to dislodge flies

Answer 24

Energy

Question 25

House flies have a _______ type of mouthpart

Answer 25

Spongy

Question 26

Stable flies are known to spread ____________ causing organisms due to their blood feeding habits

Answer 26

Mastitis

Question 27

Generally odor dust and flies are cited together as constituting a __________

Answer 27

Nuisance

Question 28

Flies breed in

Answer 28

Fresh manure, spilled wet livestock feed, feed and manure mixed together, hay bale litter mixed with manure and moisture ( wet, decaying organic matter)

Question 29

_____________ management is the most important variable in any fly control program

Answer 29

Manure

Question 30

In farm animal waste management there are 5 categories

Answer 30

Collecting, processing, storing, transporting,utilizing

Question 31

Studies have shown that flies carry ____________ O157 H7

Answer 31

E.Coli

Question 32

( True or False) even after the death of animals from contagious diseases, their carcasses remain as disease producing reservoirs

Answer 32

True

Question 33

During the winter months ______ may remain virulent for as long a month

Answer 33

Viruses

Question 34

( True or False) cold makes infective material dormant, while heat hastens it's death

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What not to do with an infected carcass

Answer 35

Dispose near a water source ( river, pond) Use carcass as animal feed Leave the carcass unattended outside for bitting insects to reach it

Question 36

Why should you never open a carcass for necrosopy exam?

Answer 36

Opening up the carcass could lead to exposure of the person to get a zoonotic disease

Question 37

Involves cooking and drying the carcass is a preferred method companies will come and pick up carcasses for a fee and perform this

Answer 37

Rendering

Question 38

Has to have a permit to accept carcasses has fees, and hauling procedures

Answer 38

A landfill

Question 39

When selecting a site for a burial pit what factors do you need to consider ?

Answer 39

Soil properties Proximity to bodies of water Proximity to wells Proximity to public areas and neighbors

Question 40

Advantages of a burial

Answer 40

Inexpensive | Fits in bio security plan

Question 41

Disadvantages

Answer 41

Difficult in winter Water pollution Complaints from neighbors about odors and predators

Question 42

Requires permit from Texas commission on environmental quality burning without a permit is prohibited

Answer 42

Incineration

Question 43

Allows microbial and chemical destruction of carcass

Answer 43

Composting

Question 44

Beyond 72 hours _______ must be frozen until disposed of

Answer 44

Birds

Question 45

Animals that die from one of following diseases have separate disposal requirements

Answer 45

Tuberculosis, infectious abortion, Anthrax, Foot and Mouth, Equine infectious anemia, Rabies

Question 46

Portals of entry for pathogens are

Answer 46

``` Skin ( bites, scratches) Mucous Membrane( Respiratory Tract, Genitourinary, Eyes, intestinal tract) ```

Question 47

Body defenses are

Answer 47

``` Skin ( mechanical & Biological) Mucous membranes Inflammation Elevated Temperatures Immune Systems ```