Exam 1 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Risk Factors toward abnormal behaviors
o When there is statistical significant association between a disorder and a particular factor, early warning signs
• Ex: History of abuse, low/or no attachment – increases chance of anti social psychopath, low empathy
• Cigarettes & Lung cancer
Hippocrates
Brain pathology caused abnormal behavior
Plato
Family contributed to abnormal behaviors, had to consider family contributions for someone’ depression, etc.
Biological (Check book)
Mental disorders due to physiological- chemical imbalances
Psychological
o Due to psychological or social factors
• Freud Psychoanalysis
o Thinks that unconscious conflicts and unconscious memories/feelings from childhood
• Id/Ego/Superego
o ID- Part of yourself that wants immediate gratification, Pulses released immediately, always wants pleasure (child part of personality)
o Ego- Part of yourself that is aware of outside reality, Can figure out a plan to release pulses in an acceptable way, Come up with alternatives (adult part of personality)
o Superego- Part of your personality involved with morals/conscious, When you feel guilt (Parent part of personality)
Defense Mechanisms
Normal way to deal with anxiety (as long as its temporary), anxiety occurs when impulse are released
Types of Defense Mechanisms
o Repression- Unconsciously block memories that were traumatic (rape, molestation)
o Suppression-consciously block memories
o Reaction Formation- Unconsciously block painful feelings/memories from your awareness, Exaggerate opposite feeling (You dislike people from Croatia, makes you uncomfortable, so you end up liking them)
o Projection- Attribute to other people, You see in other people what’s going on with you
o Intellectualization- Use factual information, Overly logical
o Regression- When anxious, you go back to a behavior when you were a child (baby talk, thumb suck)
o Sublimation- When you work off frustrated aggressive or sexual impulses in an acceptable way (painting, exercise)
o Psychosexual Stages (Freud, Check Book)
• Certain stages where a person is most likely to act certain way, different stages different parts of body changes, Might have verbally abusive, eat a lot that trace a lot from younger years
o Goal of Psychoanalysis
Make unconscious conscious
I noticed when I talk about your mother, you turn away”
• “I do that because I don’t like my mother”
• Make patient aware of reality
o Behaviorism/Skinner
- Abnormal behaviors occur because you learn it from the environment
- People who are depressed/anxious, do they get payoff? Maybe from partner because attention is given
o Vicarious Learning
- You learn through the actions of others
* You see your brother act up and get a new toy, you learn via them.
o Cognitive Model
Check Book
o Humanistic
Very optimistic, free will, believe in conscious choices
o Biopsychosocial
Bio factors lead to predisposition (likelihood) of developing abnormal behavior if environment is stressful, many factors contribute to abnormal behaviors
• Human Genogram
check book
• X/Y Chromosomes
check book
• Dominant/Recessive Genes
You get dominant gene, you will give dominant, two recessives to be able to pass on
Hindbrain
A) Medulla- heart rate, breathing, swallowing( if injury to medulla, very critical)
B) Cerebellum- regulates posture, muscle tone, balance (when drink alcohol, it gets through cerebellum, and get clumsy)
C)Pons- help sleep, coordinate muscles, 10:26
Midbrain
RAS- Alertness and arousal, not fully developed until adolescence
Forebrain
A)Thalamus
• Relays information to other parts of brain (touch something, sends signals to part of brain that’ll make sense)
B)Hypothalamus
• Releases stress hormones (adrenaline)
C)Limbic System
• Emotional center of brain
o Amygdala (Fight/Flight)
D) Corpus Callosum
• Thick band of fibers that connect left/right hemisphere
• Left side of brain controls right side of body
o Language, speech, writing (about 90%)
• Right side of brain controls left side of body
o Nonverbal tasks, expressions, reading a map
E) Cerebral Cortex- Help make sense to things
• Occipital
o Vision
• Parietal
o Touch, temperature, body sensation
• Temporal
o Hearing
• Frontal
o Voluntarily movement (picking up pen to write something), Plan out activity, consider alternate activities
Endocrine System (Checkbook)
A) Pituitary Gland- regulates growth
B)Pineal Gland- Releases melatonin
C)Thyroid- regulates 25:00, low thyro
MRI Scan
- Allows you to see 3D of brain/body
- More detail images than CT scan
- Doesn’t require radiation
