Exam 1 Review Flashcards
(21 cards)
Psyschoanalysis
Make unconscious conscious. help get insight on inner motivations and desires, help control unresolved childhood conflicts
Psychoanalytic Technique
Free Association
- Patient says whatever comes to mind, regardless of how illogical or embarrassing it may seem to help reveal the unconscious and will uncover personality dynamics, processes, and or patient’s conflicts
Resistance
-When the patient unconsciously slows down analysis to prevent exposure of repressed material
- When repression starts, therapists tries to uncover the issue
Transference
- Patient re-enacts early conflicts by applying to the analyst feelings and attitudes that the patient had toward significant others- primarily parents
-Considered therapeutic
Humanistic
Very optimistic, free will, believe in conscious choice, positive view of humans
Amygdala
Fear, Aggression
Psychosexual Stages
- Oral/First Year of Life
- Anal/Second Year of Life
- Phallic/Beginning of Third/Fourth Year of Life
- Latency (6-12 years of age)
- Genital/ Beginning of puberty
Right Lobe/ Left Lobe
Left side - controls right side of body - Language, speech, writing (about 90%) Right side - controls left side of body -Nonverbal tasks, expressions, reading a map
Brain Scan Types
CT
• produces cross sectional images of structure of the brain,
• shows brain deterioration or abnormality
fMRI
• Functional MRI
• Identify increase or decrease of blood flow
• Lets you know what part of brain is working hardest
MRI
• Allows you to see 3D of brain/body
• More detail images than CT scan
• Doesn’t require radiation
PET
• Radioactive substance injected to bloodstream, then shows where its being metabolized
• Isn’t usually used
• Detects how this material is broken down
• Shows what part of brain is using a lot of energy (once found, can be problematic because brain using too much energy)
Incidence Rate
New cases in a given population during a specific period of time
Prevalence Rate
Percentage of individuals in targeted population who have a particular disorder during a specific period of time
Neuropsych Test
CT Scan
PET Scan
MRI Scan
fMRI Scan
Stimulants
Check book
Defense Mechanisms
R.R.RF.P.I.S
o Repression- Unconsciously block memories that were traumatic (rape, molestation)
o Regression- Goes back to an earlier stage of life (baby talk, a college president drinking too much singing an old elementary song)
o Reaction Formation- Unconsciously block painful feelings/memories from your awareness, Exaggerate opposite feeling (You dislike people from Croatia, makes you uncomfortable, so you end up liking them)
o Projection- Attribute to other people, You see in other people what’s going on with you
o Intellectualization- Use factual information, Overly logical
o Sublimation- When you work off frustrated aggressive or sexual impulses in an acceptable way (painting, exercise)
Neuro Transmitters and Functions
ACH, DOPA, GABA, ENDORPHINS, NOREPINEPHRINE, SEROTONING
ACH
-Controls muscles, circuits related to attention and memory, reduction of ACH associates w/ Alzheimer’s
Dopamine
- concentrated in small parts of brain, help control muscles, can cause hallucination, and associated w/ schizo
GABA
- Brain, works against other neuro mostly dopa
Endorphins
-brain, spinal cord, suppress pain
Norepinephrine
- CNS, regulate mood, may increase alertness and arousal, associated w/ mood/eating disorders
Serotonin
- Brain, opposed to NOREPINEPHRINE, suppress activity, and causing sleep, linked w/ anxiety/mood/eating disorders
Biological Model
Motivation for behavior
-biological integrity and health
Assessment
-medical tests, self reports, observable behavior
Source of AB
- bio trauma, heredity, biochemical imbalances
Theory Foundation
-animal and human research, case studies
Treatmenton
-bio interventions (drugs, etc, surgery,diet)
Psychodynamic Model
Motivation for behavior -unconscious influences Assessment -personal history, oral self-reports Theory Foundation - case studies, correlational methods Source of AB - Internal- early childhood experiences Treatment Dream analysis, free association, transference, locating unconscious conflict from childhood, reintergrate personality
Behavioral Model
Motivation for behavior
- External Influences
Assessment
- Observable, objective data: overt behaviors
Theory Foundation
-Animal research, case studies, experimental methods
Source of AB
- external maladaptive responses, not acquiring responses
Treatment
- Directly modifying problem behavior, analyzing environmental factors controlling behavior, altering contingencies
Cognitive Model
Motivation for behavior
- Interaction of external and cognitive influences
Assessment
- Self statements, alterations in overt behaviors
Theory Foundation
- Human research, case studies, experimental methods
Source of AB
- Internal: learned patterns of irrational or negative self-statements
Treatment
- Understanding relationship btwn self statements and problem behavior, modifying internal dialogue
Humanistic Model
Motivation for behavior
- Self actualization
Assessment
- Subjective data, oral self reports
Theory Foundation
- Case studies, correlational and experimental methods
Source of AB
- Internal: incongruence between self and experiences
Treatment
- Nondirective reflection, no interpretation, providing unconditional positive regard, increasing congruence between self and experience
Existential Model
Motivation for behavior
- Capacity for self-awareness: freedom to decide one’s fate; search for meaning
Assessment
-Subjective data, oral self-reports, experimental encounters
Theory Foundation
- Approach to understanding human condition rather than a firm theoretical model
Source of AB
- Internal: failure to actualize human potential, avoidance of choice and responsibility
Treatment
- Providing conditions for maximizing self awareness and growth to enable patients to be free and responsible
Family Systems Model
Motivation for behavior
- Interaction w/ significant others
Assessment
-Observation of family dynamics
Theory Foundation
-Case studies, social psychological studies, experimental studies
Source of AB
- External: faulty family interactions (family pathology, inconsistent, communication patterns)
Treatment
- Treating entire family, not just identified patient
Multi- Cultural Model
Motivation for behavior
Cultural Values and norms
Assessment
- Study of group norms and behaviors, understanding of societal values and relations between minority and dominant group
Theory Foundation
- Study of cultural groups: data from anthropology, sociology and political science
Source of AB
- Culture conflicts, oppression
Treatment
- Balance culture universal and culture specific healing approaches and recognizing that no one approach is adequate for all populations
