Exam 1

Question 1

The enzyme that causes the breakdown of the cell wall by cleaving the two amino acids in the glycan layer of the peptidoglycan is:a) cellulase b) glycosilase c) penicillin d) lysozyme e) amylase

Answer 1

d) lysozyme

Question 2

The process through which endospores are formed from vegetative cells is called: a) sporulation b) germination c) chemotaxis d) osmosis

Answer 2

a) sporulation

Question 3

A rigid layer that is composed of sugars and amino acids found in the cell wall of eubacteria is the: a) glycocalyx b) periplasmic space c) teichoic acids d) peptidoglycan

Answer 3

d) peptidoglycan

Question 4

The presence of membrane enclosed organelles is characteristic of: a) prokaryotic cells b) eukaryotic cells c) all cells d) viruses

Answer 4

b) eukaryotic cells

Question 5

This person developed an organic arsenical compound as an effective cure of syphilis: a) Erlich b) Henle c) Pasteur d) Lister e) Waxman

Answer 5

a) Erlich

Question 6

The molecule most commonly used to discern evolutionary relationships between organisms is: a) tRNA b) the rec A protein c) rRNA d) DNA polymerase II

Answer 6

c) rRNA

Question 7

You are working for Jack Daniels distillery and want to make ethanol form glucose. The organism that you would use for this process is: a) Pneumocystic carinii b) Methanococcus jannaschii c) Escherichia coli d) Chlamydomonas sp. e) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Answer 7

e) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 8

A term describing molecules or regions of molecules that readily interact with water: a) svedberg b) amphipathic c) hydrophobic d) hydrophilic e) oxidants

Answer 8

d) hydrophilic

Question 9

An example of a Basidiomycete: a) Micromonospora flavus b) Oscillatoria limnetica c) Mycobacterium smegmates d) Neurospora crassa e) Agaricus campestris

Answer 9

e) Agaricus campestris

Question 10

Most fungi send out cellular filaments called: a) tetrasporal b) hyphae c) mycorrhizae d) asci e) septa

Answer 10

b) hyphae

Question 11

An organelle that is composed of two parts or subunits made of protein and RNA whose major function in protein synthesis is the: a) lysosome b) chloroplast c) ribosome d) mitochondria e) golgi apparatus

Answer 11

c) ribosome

Question 12

This group of fungi is known to rot wood: a) Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Phycomycetes d) Diatoms

Answer 12

b) Basidiomycetes

Question 13

A rigid layer that is composed of sugars and amino acids found in the cell wall of eubacteria is the: a) glycocalyx b) lipopolysaccharides c) teichoic acids d) peptidoglycan e) periplasmic space

Answer 13

d) peptidoglycan

Question 14

The group of naturally ocurring prokaryotes that do not have a cell wall is called the: a) yeast b) archebacteria c) mycobacteria d) mycoplasma e) protozoans

Answer 14

d) mycoplasma

Question 15

The 9+2 arrangement of the microtubules is seen in: a) chromosomes b) spindle fibers c) basal bodies d) flagellum

Answer 15

d) flagellum

Question 16

Polyene antibiotics are used to kill: a) gram positive bacteria b) fungi c) viruses d) Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 16

b) fungi

Question 17

Prior to this person’s work, food spoilage was a much more common occurence: a) Cohn b) Winogradsky c) Pasteur d) Koch

Answer 17

c) Pasteur

Question 18

This group showed that one gene codes for one enzyme: a) Avery and coworkers b) Watson and Crick c) Tyndall and coworkers d) Chargaff and coworkers e) Beadle and Tatum

Answer 18

e) Beadle and Tatum

Question 19

A microscope that converts slight differences in the refractive index and cell density into easily detected variations in light intensity: a) darkfield microscope b) phase contrast microscope c) fluorescent microscope d) transmission electron microscope e) brightfield microscope

Answer 19

b) phase contrast microscope

Question 20

Recognition proteins are most important for: a) facilitated diffusion of molecules b) active transport of molecules c) maintaining membrane integrity d) maintaining membrane fluidity e) distinguishing foreign cells from self cells

Answer 20

e) distinguishing foreign cells from self cells

Question 21

A large aggregate of amoeboid cells that move as a unit leaving a slime trail: a) coenobium b) diatom c) pseudoplasmodium d) mastigophora e) tetrasporal

Answer 21

c) pseudoplasmodium

Question 22

The acidic polysaccharides attached to cell wall of Gram positive bacteria are: a) lipopolysaccharides b) mucopolysaccharides c) glycocalyx d) teichoic acids e) peptidoglycan

Answer 22

d) teichoic acids

Question 23

These people proposed that the DNA molecule has a double helix chemical composition: a) Shlieden and Schwann b) Hutton and Lyell c) Watson and Crick d) Mendel and Morgan

Answer 23

c) Watson and Crick

Question 24

Protozoa are members of the: a) fungi b) plant kingdom c) animal kingdom d) monera e) protista

Answer 24

e) protista

Question 25

The process through which vegetative cells are formed from endospores is called: a) sporulation b) germination c) chemotaxis d) osmosis

Answer 25

b) germination

Question 26

An irregular network of branching and fusing membranes, tubules and sacs is called the: a) lysosomes b) mitochondria c) grana d) endoplasmic reticulum e) thylakoid

Answer 26

d) endoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

Process of nuclear division in which the number of chromosomes is halved: a) mitosis b) meiosis c) parthenogenesis d) binary fission e) transformation

Answer 27

b) meiosis

Question 28

An example of a spore forming bacteria is: a) mycobacterium smegmates b) Clostridium tetani c) Klebsiella pneumoniae d) Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 28

b) Clostridium tetani

Question 29

Anton von Leeuwenhoek is best known for his studies involving: a) sterilization of food b) the cell as the basic unit of life c) the germ theory of disease d) single celled organisms observed with the early microscope

Answer 29

d) single celled organisms observed with the early microscope

Question 30

Stacked sac-like membranes producing secretory vesicles: a) lysosomes b) mitochondria c) grana d) golgi apparatus e) thylakoid

Answer 30

d) golgi apparatus

Question 31

Bacteria have a region of the cytoplasm that contains the chromosome: a) nucleoid b) plasmid c) protoplast d) nucleus e) mesosome

Answer 31

a) nucleoid

Question 32

Hydrogenosomes are similar to mitochondria but hydrogenosomes lack: a) cristae b) stroma c) citric acid cycle enzymes d) electron transport chain enzymes needed in the flow of electrons e) a and c

Answer 32

e) a and c

Question 33

Group of fungi that lack a classical sexual cycle: a) Ascomycete b) Phycomycete c) Basidiomycete d) Deuteromycete

Answer 33

d) Deuteromycete

Question 34

Name the organism that causes amoebic dysentery: a) Shigella dysenteriae b) Bacillus subtilus c) Proteus mirabilis d) Entamoeba histolytica e) Salmonella typhi

Answer 34

d) Entamoeba histolytica

Question 35

Technique using heavy metals to stain specimens at an angle approximately 45 degrees from the horizontal that provides a 3 dimensional image similar to shadowing with light: a) shadow casting b) fixation c) freeze etching d) thin sectioning e) negative staining

Answer 35

a) shadow casting

Question 36

The main chemical component of bacterial flagellum is: a) flagellin b) tubulin c) dynein d) dipicolinic acid

Answer 36

a) flagellin

Question 37

Flagella covering the entire surface of a bacteria are called: a) polar b) lopotrichous c) peritrichous d) amphitrichous e) cillia

Answer 37

c) peritrichous

Question 38

Volvox spp. is an example of a: a) fungi b) yeast c) gram positive bacteria d) green algae e) diatom

Answer 38

d) green algae

Question 39

An example of a apicomplexan parasite: a) Dictyostelium discoidium b) Toxoplasma gondii c) Methanococcus jannaschii d) Escherichia coli e) Chlamydomonas sp.

Answer 39

b) Toxoplasma gondii

Question 40

Ribulose bisphosphate caboxylase (RubisCO) is an enzyme needed in the: a) Calvin cycle b) TCA cycle c) light dependent reaction d) Entner Douderoff pathway

Answer 40

a) Calvin cycle

Question 41

The area of microbiology that studies resistance to infection is called: a) immunology b) industrial microbiology c) genetic engineering d) microbial ecology e) molecular microbiolgy

Answer 41

a) immunology

Question 42

Name a bacteria that contains a glycocalyx: a) Staphylococcus aureus b) Bacillus subtillis c) Clostridium sporogenes d) Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 42

d) streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 43

Siliceous cell walls are characteristic of the: a) coenobium b) diatom) c) plasmodium d) mastigophora e) sorocarp

Answer 43

b) diatom

Question 44

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are different from other organelles in that the mitochondria and chloroplast: a) can make their own DNA and proteins b) have circular DNA c) have linear DNA d) a and b e) a and c

Answer 44

d) a and c

Question 45

Well organized material that is outside the cell wall and is not easily removed: a) peptidoglycan b) slime layer c) capsule d) fimbrae e) teichoic acids

Answer 45

c) capsule

Question 46

Pfiesteria piscicida is an example of a: a) fungi b) yeast c) red algae d) green algae e) dinoflagellate

Answer 46

e) dinoflagellate

Question 47

In which of the following will you find the common bread mold Rhizopus nigricans: a) Basidiomycete b) Ascomycete c) Deuteromycete d) Zygomycete

Answer 47

d) Zygomycete

Question 48

Give an example of a chemical that is found in a prokaryotic inclusion body: a) DNA b) dipicolinic acid c) teichoic acid d) glycogen e) ribosomes

Answer 48

d) glycogen

Question 49

An example of a parabasalid is: a) Entamoeba coli b) Neurospora crassa c) Mycobacterium smegmatis d) Geotrichum candidum e) trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 49

e) Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 50

The study of algae is called: a) virology b) mycology c) immunolgy d) phycology e) ornithology

Answer 50

d) phycology