Exam 1

Question 1

Quantative Research

Answer 1

• Numeric data
• Test hypotheses
• Describe, test relationships, assess differences, cause & effect, test interventions

Question 2

Qualitative Research

Answer 2

• Data are words
• Seeks understanding about meaning of human experience
• Context

Question 3

Systematic Review

Answer 3

Rigorous appraisal of relevant studies using a standardized method

Question 4

Meta-analysis

Answer 4

Is a systematic review + statistical analysis of data from several studies to determine aggregate effects

Question 5

Integrative Review

Answer 5

Summaries of studies and conceptual literature grouped gby variables or themes that have a common focus

Question 6

Meta-synthesis

Answer 6

Integrates qualitative research findings on a topic, is based on a topic, and is based on comparative analysis and interpretive synthesis

Question 7

*Evidence Based Practice

Answer 7

Relies on:

• Clinical expertise
• Systematic research
• Patient preferences

Question 8

*Nursing Roles in the Research Process

Answer 8

• Consumer
• Team member
• Producer

Question 9

Critique

Answer 9

Process of critical appraisal that objectively and critically evaluates a research report’s content for scientfic validity or merit and application to practice

Question 10

Steps of EBP

Answer 10

1. Ask a clinical question
2. Systmatic search of literature
3. Cirtical Appraisal of research/synthesize findings
4. Integrate evidence to implement a decision
5. Evaluate the outcome

Question 11

*ACE Star Model of Knowlege Transformation

Answer 11

• Discovery
• Summary
• Translation
• Integration
• Evaluation

Question 12

*X Factor

Answer 12

Independent Variable (IV)
Can be manipulated or not manipulated

Question 13

*Y Factor

Answer 13

Dependent Variable (DV)
NOT manipulated

Question 14

*Clinical Question - PICO

Answer 14

P - Patient/Population
I - Intervention
C - Comparison
O - Outcome

Question 15

*Empirical

Answer 15

Obtaining evidence or objective data
-data through direct observation

(goes hand-in-hand w/research)

Question 16

*Extraneous variables

Answer 16

AKA “Confounding Variables”
Characteristics no under study in a particular research project, but which have the potential of affecting the results of the study

Question 17

*Conceptual Definition

Answer 17

General meaning of a concept

Question 18

*Operational Definition

Answer 18

The measurements used to observe or measure a variable.

Question 19

Research Report Components - Title

Answer 19

Variables of interest and population

Question 20

Research Report Components - Abstract

Answer 20

A brief, comprehensive summary of a study

Question 21

Research Report Components - Methods

Answer 21

1. Design
2. Sample
3. Procedure
4. Instruments; reliability/validity
5. Ethics

Question 22

Research Report Components - Results/Findings

Answer 22

1. Data Analysis
2. Discussion/Conclusions; recommendations, implications
3. References

Question 23

Critical Reading

Answer 23

an active interpretation and objective assessment of an article during which the reader is looking for key concepts, ideas and justifications.

Question 24

Critical Thinking

Answer 24

the rational examination of ideas, inferences, principles, and conclusions.

Question 25

Critique

Answer 25

Process of objectively and critically evaluating a research report's content for scientific merit and application to practice, theory or education.

Question 26

Theory

Answer 26

set of interrelated concepts, definitions and propositions that present a systematic view of phenomena for purpose of explaining or making predictions about those phenomena.

Question 27

ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation

Answer 27

- Discovery - Summary - Translation - Integration - Evaluation

Question 28

Null (H0)

Answer 28

STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS - Non-Directional ONLY - No relationship b/t variables

Question 29

Research (H1 or Hx)

Answer 29

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS | -Directional or Non-Directional

Question 30

Belmont Principles

Answer 30

Respect for persons Beneficence Justice

Question 31

Respect

Answer 31

o Respect: • Treat individuals as autonomous agents • allow people to choose for themselves • Do not use person as means to an end • Give protection to those with limited autonomy • Applied: Informed consent, respect for privacy

Question 32

Beneficence

Answer 32

* Acts of kindness that go beyond duty * Obligations to benefit others, protect from harm, prevent evil, promote good * Applied: Sound research design, competent investigators, favorable risk-benefit ratio

Question 33

Justice

Answer 33

treat people fairly • Fair sharing of burdens and benefits • Applied: Equitable selection of subjects

Question 34

*Data-based Lit. review

Answer 34

research "emperical"

Question 35

*Theoretical Lit. Review

Answer 35

Conceptual

Question 36

Conceptual or Theoretical Framework

Answer 36

A structure of concepts that provides a map for the study | -Helps to provide rationale for the development of research questions or hypotheses