Exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Ogala
A
Part of Teton Sioux, buffalo very important
2
Q
Mana
A
free flowing power in the universe capable of either enhancing or diminishing life
3
Q
Wakan
A
“great spirit,” “sacred,” “divine”
4
Q
Brahman
A
Absolute, world-soul
5
Q
Puja
A
worship
6
Q
Atman
A
self
7
Q
Brahman-Atman
A
sense of self with the higher feeling
8
Q
Moksha
A
release, release from cycle
9
Q
Brahma
A
Lord of all creature, society, nature
10
Q
Vishnu
A
the preserver, controller of human fate; returns in times of moral decline to restore justice
11
Q
Shiva
A
complex, loving, and full of grace; great ascetic, god of procreation. Source of good and evil
12
Q
Avatar
A
manifestation of a deity
13
Q
Krishna
A
avatar of Vishnu; hero, lover, warrior, king
14
Q
Vedas
A
“sacred knowledge” Sacred text. Brahmins, four collections of hymns and ritual texts
15
Q
Rig Veda
A
Agni, Indra, Varuna
16
Q
Upanishad
A
“to sit down near”
17
Q
Bhagavad Gita
A
“song of the lord”
18
Q
Jhana yoga
A
Path of Knowledge
19
Q
Bhakti Yoga
A
Path of Devotion
20
Q
Dharma
A
Duty
21
Q
Dharmashastras
A
Genre of Sanskirt text relating to religious and legal duties
22
Q
Artha
A
Work
23
Q
Kama
A
desire
24
Q
Moksha
A
Release
25
Brahmacarin
pursuing sacred knowledge
26
Grishastha
householder
27
Vanaprastha
forest dweller
28
Sannyasin
renunciation
29
Caste System:
class structure determined by birth
30
Brahmins
priests
31
Kshatriyas
warriors, administrators
32
Vaishyas
belonging to the people, producers
33
Shundras
servants
34
Chandalas
untouchables
35
Acharya
The leading teacher of a sect or the head of a monastery
36
Advaita
Shankara’s school of philosophy, which holds that there is only one ultimate reality, the indescribable Brahman, with which the Atman or self is identical
37
Alvars
12 devotional poets in South India whose works are central to the bhkati tradition
38
Ashramas
4 stages in life of an upper-class male: student, householder, forest dweller and ascetic
39
Avatara
Descent or incarnation of a diety in earthly form
40
Bhagavad Gita
Conversation between Krishna and Arjuna, explains nature of God and human soul
41
Bhakti
Loving devotion to diety seen as a gracious being who enters the world for the benefit of humans
42
Brahmanas
Section of Vedas that concern ritual
43
Brahmin
Member of priestly class
44
Darshana
Seeing and being seen by the deity in the temple or by a holy teacher, the experience of beholding with faith
45
Deepavali
(Divali) Festival of light in Oct-Nov, lamps lit
46
Devanagari
Alphabet used to write Sanskirt, Hindi and Bengali
47
Jnana
Knowledge
48
Kshatriyas
Member of warrior class
49
Mahabharata
Very long epic poem
50
Moksha
Liberation from cycle of birth and death
51
Murti
Form or personification in which divinity is manifested
52
Navarati
Nine nights
53
Prasada
Gift from deity
54
Puja
Ritual household worship of deity
55
Puranas
old tales, stories
56
Rishis
Composers of ancient Vedic hymns
57
Sadhus
holy men
58
Sati
self sacrifice of a widow
59
Shruti
what is heard of sacred literature
60
Shudras
Members of lowest class, usually servants
61
Smrti
What is remembered
62
Tilaka
Dot on forhead
63
Upanayana
Initiation of a young brahmin boy into ritual responsibility
64
Upanishads
Philosophical texts in the form or reported conversations
65
Vaishyas
Members of the 3rd or merchant caste
66
Itihasa
Religious story that tells what happened in past. Includes, Ramayana, Mahbrharta, Bhagavad Gita
67
Vedanta
one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy
68
Ayurvedic
"knowledge of living" or the "science of longevity", medicine
69
Dharana
Sixth stage
70
Dhyana
Seventh stage
71
Nirguna
eternal all-pervading and omnipresent divine consciousness
72
Samadhi
Intense concentration achieved through meditation, final stage in Hindu yoga, union with divine is reached before or at death
73
Abhidhamma
“Special Teaching,” basket 3rd
74
Arhat
Worthy one
75
Dhamma
teaching, path, way
76
Dukkha
the suffering
77
koan/gongan
A paradoxical thought exercise used in the Chan-Zen tradition to provoke a breakthrough in understanding by forcing students past the limitations of verbal formulations and logic.
78
Mara
Lord of Death
79
Sutra
a discourse of sermon attributed either to Shakyamuni himself or to an important disciple
80
Siddhartha
Leader of Buddhism
81
Mudra
a pose or gesture in artistic representations of Buddha figures; by convention, each mudra has a specific symbolic meaning.
82
Stupa
originally a hemispherical mound built to contain cremation ashes or a sacred relic; in East Asia the stupa developed into the tower-like pagoda
83
Zazen
Sitting meditation in Chan-Zen tradition
84
Anatman
No soul
85
Hinayana
Lesser vehicle
86
Mahayana
Greater vehicle
87
mandala
a chart-like representation of cosmic Buddha figures that often serves as a focus of meditation and devotion in the Mahayana and Vajrayana traditions
88
Nirvana
“blowing out,” end of the cycle of reincarnation, the state of bliss associated with final enlightenment; nirvana ‘with remainder’ is the highest level possible in this life, and nirvana ‘without remainder’ is the ultimate state
89
samadhi
a higher state of consciousness, achieved through meditation
90
Shunyata
The Emptiness that is held to be ultimately characteristic of all things, stressed especially by the Madhyamika school
91
Vajrayana
the tantric branch of Buddhism, which became established in Tibet and the Himalayan region and later spread to Mongolia and India
92
Vinaya
the rules of practice and conduct for monks; a section of the Pali canon
93
Dhammapada
a collection of sayings of the Buddha in verse form and one of the most widely read and best known Buddhist scriptures
94
Tanha
thrist, craving or desire
95
Tao Tsang
the Taoist canon
96
te
virtue, power, working
97
Chuang-tzu
the second most important book of the Taoist scriptures, stories, morals
98
Yijing
The Classic or Book of Changes, The Way of the Universe
99
Shujing
The Classic of Documents or Book of History, good and bad qualities of governments and institutions
100
Shijing
The Classic of Odes or Book of Poetry, 300 poems
101
Liji
The Records of Book of Rites, devotion, principles behind particular rites, caring for one’s family, philosophical discussions
102
Chunqiu
The Spring and Autumn Annals, chronicle of events in Confucius’s native state of Lu from 722 to 482 BCE, guide to moral laws and principles in the management of human affairs
103
Chung yung
Doctrine of the Mean—aspects of virtue: moderation, right conduct, decorum, sincerity; “keep to the middle” of emotional and intellectual extremes
104
Jungzi
“prince’s son”; “superior” person; peace, prosperity, and harmony; person committed to the development of Te, a person of exemplary or authoritative behavior
105
Hsiao
Filiality, living and dead ancestors; deference, obedience, faithfulness of one’s parents, actions and attitudes
106
Ren
“Humaneness,” “benevolence,” “compassion,” “goodness”—to describe virtues like respect, trustworthiness, earnestness, and kindness
107
Mencius
The second most prominent Confucian thinker, Master of Meng and Mengzi; he believed that human nature is inherently good.
108
Analects
a collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been written by Confucius' followers
109
Ta hsueh
the Great Learning—virtuous government—If the ruler is morally good then so will government and subjects
