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Bio 101 Glendale college > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

many eukaryotic cells make proteins that are exported from the cell. Where are these proteins synthesized

A

rough endoplasmic reticulum

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2
Q

which organelle sorts, modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins before they are sent to their final destination

A

Golgi apparatus

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3
Q

which of the following regulates the entry and exit of materials from cells

A

plasma membrane

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4
Q

which organelle is the main site of lipid synthesis

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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5
Q

a cross section through what organelle would reveal a “9+2” pattern of microtubules

A

cilia and flagella

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6
Q

to minimize changes in pH, biologival fluids contain

A

buffers

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7
Q

hydrogen bonds are important in

A

water cellulose proteins dna

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8
Q

polymers are converted to monomers by

A

hydrolysis

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9
Q

according to the theory of evolution all species on earth share a common ancestor

A

true

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10
Q

what kind of chemical bond or interaction enables geeks and sides to stick to glass

A

van der Waals interactions

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11
Q

all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism make up that organisms ________

A

Metabolism

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12
Q

which of the following pairs of organisms are most closely related to one another A bacteria and archaea b bacterica and eukarya C archaea and eukarya

A

C archaea and eukarya

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13
Q

which of the following atoms has the greatest electronegativity A. carbon B. hydrogen C. phosphorus D. Oxygen E. nitrogen

A

D. oxygen

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14
Q

which of the following polysaccharides contain branching A gycogen b starch C cellulose d glycogen and starch e glycogen starch and cellulose

A

D glycogen and starch

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15
Q

a cross section of this organelle contains 9 triplets of microtubules

A

Basal Body

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16
Q

where would you find an abundance of collagen

A

Extracellular matrix of animal cell

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17
Q

channel proteins that specifically allow the passage of water across a membrane are know as

A

aquaporins

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18
Q

G=H-TS what does the G Represent here

A

Free energy

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19
Q

according to the second law of thermodynamics what happens when energy in converted from

A

the usage energy decreases

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20
Q

who proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution

A

darwin

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21
Q

what is Homeostasis

A

regulation the internal environment within limits

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22
Q

which of the following statements about water is not true a) it releases a large amount of heat when changing from liquid to vapor B)Its solid form is less dense than its liquid form C) it is the most effective solvent of Polar substances D) it is typically the most abundant substance in an active organism E) it takes part in some major chemical reactions

A

A) it releases a large amount of heat when changing from liquid into vapor

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23
Q

which organelle is not surrounded by one or more membranes

A

Ribosomes

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24
Q

Microfilaments________

A

are composed of actin

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25
facilidad difusión and active transport both
require use of proteins as carriers
26
in a chemical reaction
the rate depends on the activation energy
27
which amino acid is capable of forming disulfide bond/bridges
Cystine: is composed of two cysteines linked by a disulfide bond (shown here in its neutral form). Disulfide bonds in proteins are formed between the thiol groups of cysteine residues by the process of oxidative folding. The other sulfur-containing amino acid, methionine, cannot form disulfide bonds.
28
biological membranes must be fluid/flexible to work properly. which of the following increases membrane fluidity A) an increase in temperature B) increasing the amount of saturated fatty acids C) a decrease in temperature D) increasing the amount of saturated fatty acids E) both a and D
E) both A and D
29
what kind of chemical bond links fatty acids to glycerol in a molecule of fat
Ester bond
30
which of the following statements about base pairing is FALSE: A) in Dna adeline pairs with thymine B)In Rna Adenine pairs with Thymine C) in Dna Guanine pairs with cytosine D) In Rna Guanine pairs with Cytosine E) all of the above
B)In Rna Adenine pairs with Thymine
31
Naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids have _________ in the hydrocarbon chain
One or more Cis Doube Bonds
32
what kind of molecule is chitin
Polysaccharide
33
the cell walls of plants contain \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Cellulose
34
what kind of molecule is shown
Purine
35
which of the following are part of the cell theory A) All organisms are Composed of One or more Cells D) all cells come from preexisting cells C) all cells have a plasma membrane D) both a and B E) A B and C
Both A and B
36
whick of the following cell junctions is used to prevent substannces from moving through the space between walls
Tight Junctions
37
a competitive inhibitor that binds ti tge actuve sture if an enzyme will
Increase the K m of the enzyme
38
according to the first law of themodynamics the total amout of energy in the universe is
is constant
39
which of the following organelles have their own DNA and Ribosomes A centrioles B mitochondria C Flagella D chloroplast E both C and D
E both C and D
40
a cell is put into a hypertonic solution
water will leave the cell
41
a transporter protein is moving two solutes in opposite direction this protein is \_\_\_\_\_?
An Antiport
42
some of our white blood cells destroy invading bacteria by ingesting them what mechanism are these cells using to bring these bulky materials into the cell
Endocytosis
43
the Part if ab enzyme that binds to the substrate is called the
active site
44
which of the following statements about ATP is not True 1. ATP is a nucleotide 2. atp is used in eukarotic cells but not prokaryotic cells 3. ATp is an energy carrier 4. atp has 3 phosphate groups 5. most of the atp in eukaryotic cells is made in the mitochondria
atp is used in eukarotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
45
which of the following statments about enzymes is false 1. enzymes are proteins 2. enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction 3. enzymes are sensitive to temperature 4. enzymes are sensitvie to pH 5. a chemical reaction that is endergonic is the absence of an enzyme will be exergonic in the presence of an enzyme
a chemical reaction that is endergonic is the absence of an enzyme will be exergonic in the presence of an enzyme
46
which of the following have a prokaryatic cell structure 1. bacteria 2. Archaea 3. eukarya 4. both a and b 5. both b and c
Both a and B
47
which of the following desctibes a far reaching explination of observed facts that is supported by such a large body of evidence
Theory
48
hydrogen ions can also be called
protons
49
which of the following is not a monosaccharide 1. ribose 2. glucose 3. sucrose 4. fuctrise 5. Deoxyribose
Sucrose
50
which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals 1. starch 2. cellulose 3. glycogen 4. fats 5. glucose
glycogen
51
nucleic acids are long polymers of nucleotides joined by
pjosphodiester bonds
52
which o the following is a function of proteins 1. enzymes 2. hormones 3. building structures within cells 4. transport and movement 5. proteins have all of the above
proteins have all of the above
53
prokaryotic cells contain
ribosomes
54
which one of the following statments is ***_not_*** true regaurding glycogen starch and cellulose 1. all three are long ploymers of glucose 2. all are easily digested by most animals 3. starch and cellulose are found in plants and not animals 4. the glucose molecules are connected by glycosidic lenkages 5. cellulose is the most abundant organic compoind on earth
cellulose is the most abundant organic compoind on earth
55
which structure within cells that makes proteins
Ribosomes
56
which of the following best describes the structure of a fat
3 fatty acids attatched to glycerol
57
molecules which dissolve in water are called \_\_\_\_\_
Hydrophylic
58
Dna is usually a double stranded molecule what holds the two strands of dna together?
hydrogen bonds
59
why are most cells so small
Small cells have a large surface area to volume ratio
60
which is not found as part of all cells 1. Cell wall 2. Dna 3. cytoplasm 4. ribosomes 5. plasma membrane
cell wall
61
in which organelle does photosyntesis occur
chloroplast
62
which of the following cell structures would not be found in a plant cell 1. mitochondria 2. golgi apparatus 3. cytoskeleton 4. vacuole 1. plants have all of the above
all of the above
63
which of the following provides suppoort for the cell shape and movent in the eukaryotic cells 1. golgi apparatus 2. cytoskeleton 3. exoskeleton 4. plasma membrane 5. centreal vacuole
cytoskeleton
64
these containe enzymes and are the maine organelles of intacellular digestion
lysosomes
65
what does ATP stand for
Adenosine Triphosphate
66
describe the structure of nucleotide
contains phosphate a base and pentose suguar being eithert adenine guanine thymene and is that bas is either a purine or a pirimidine
67
what would increase the fluidity of a membrane
increasing temperature increasing the ammount of fat
68
ribozymes are
RNA catalyst
69
Lipid synthesis in eukaryotes takes place in the
Nucleus
70
which of the following can move in and out of cells by diffusion 1. O2 2. Lipids 3. Carbon dioxide 4. lipds 5. both 1 and 2 6. 1 2 and 3
ABC
71
which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid
glycerol joined by two fatty acids and 1 phosphate containing group
72
Denaturation of a protein changes the primary structure of the protein
false
73
all lipids are
more solubble in non polar solvents than water
74
according to the throryt of evolution
all organisms share a common ancesteror
75
the organelles if cells can be separated from one another in order to study them this separation is called
Cell fractionation
76
what atom is hydrogen covently boinded to when its part of a hydrogen bond
nitrogen or oxygen
77
which of the following groups of organisms shared a common ancestor most recently 1. bacteria and archaea 2. bacteria and eukarya 3. aninmals and plants 4. archaea and eukarya
archaea and eukarya
78
what allows comminication between animal cells
Gap junction
79
which of the following polysaccharides contain branching glycogen cellulose starch glycogen and starch all of the above
glycogen and starch
80
a cross section of theis organelle containes a 9+2 pattern of microtubules
eukaryotic flagella or cilia
81
where would you find a lot of collagen
extracellular matric of animal cells
82
channele proteins that specifically allow the passage of water across a membrane are known as
aquaporins
83
who proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution
DARWIN
84
what is the name of the covalent bond that forms between two amino acids
peptide bond
85
which of the following statments about water is not true
it releases a large amount of heat when changing from liquid to vapor
86
facilitated diffusion and active trasport both
require a specific protein in the membrane
87
what is the bond that form between two cysteines
disulfide bridge
88
the cell walls of plants contain
cellulose
89
what kind of molecule is shown
purine
90
a molecule that acepts protons when in a solution is called
a base
91
polymers are converted to monomers by
hydrolysis
92
93
how many bonds does phosphorus usually form in biologically important molecules
5
94
which two forms of energy can be used for active transport
ATP and ion gradiant
95
which of the following is not a monosaccharide 1. ribose 2. glucose 3. sucrose 4. fructose 5. deoxyribose
deoxyribose
96
which of the following containes enzymes that can hydolyze many kinds of macromolecules 1. mitochondria 2. golgi apparatus 3. lysosomes 4. ribosomes 5. endopastic recticulum
lysosomes
97
which of the following sorts modefies and packages newley synthesised proteins before they are sent to their final destination
golgi apparatus
98
what scientist demonstrated that flies are not spontaneously generated by rotting meat
Redi
99
a scientist isolates chloroplast and studies them in a test tube what kind of expiramnt is being done
in vitro
100
what is osmosis
it is the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermiable membrane it occurs when the solute cannot diffuse acros the membrane
101
draw alpha glucose and number all the carbon attoms
102
describe the structure of starch in detail
? book
103
describe the structure of the nucleotides found in Dna
each nucleotide has a pentose sugre deoxyribose attatched to the 5'carbon of the deoxyribose is a phospate group attatched through one of the oxygens. on the 3rd carbon a nitrogenous base is attatched either adenine thymene guanine or cytosine
104
what is the quaternary structuer in proteins

Bio 101 Glendale college (7 decks)

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