exam 2 Flashcards

(93 cards)

1
Q

which of the following processes produces O2

A Calvin cycle
B noncyclic electron transport
C ciyclic electron transport 
A and B 
A B and C
A

B and C

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2
Q

ATP and NADHPH are produced in the light reaction

A

true

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3
Q

electrons are transferred from photosystem I to photosystem II during the light reaction

A

false

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4
Q

Before S phase each chromosome contains only one double strand DNA molecule

A

true

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5
Q

when do chromosomes line up on the Equator in mitosis

A

Metaphase

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6
Q

when do chromosomes become visible during Mitosis

A

PROPHASE

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7
Q

WHEN DOES DNA SYNTHESIS TAKE PLACE IN EUKARYOTES

A

S PHASE

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8
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PROCESS MAKES NADH

A

GLYCOLYSIS AND CITIC ACID CYCLE

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9
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF PROTEIN THAT DNA WRAPS AROUNDTO FORM “BEADS ON A STRING”

A

HISTONES

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10
Q

WHAT ENZYME CATALYZES THE CONVERSION OF GLUCOSE TO GLUCOSE-6- PHOSPHATE

A

HEXOKINASE

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11
Q

WHAT ENZUME CATALYZES THE CONVERSION OF FRUCTOSE-1, 6 BISPHOSPHATE TO DIHYDROXYACETONE PHOSPHATE AND GLYCERALDEHYDE 3- PHOSPHATE

A

ALDOLASR

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12
Q

TRIOSE PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE CATALYZES THE CONVERSION OF GLYCERALDEHYDE 3 PHOSPHATE

A

1, 3 BISPHOSPHOGLYCERATE

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13
Q

HOW IS ATP SYNTHESIZED DURING GLYCOLOSIS

A

SUBSTRATE LEVEL PHOSPORYLATION

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14
Q

GLYCOLYSIS IS AN AEROBIC REACTION

A

FALES

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15
Q

WHAT KINDS OF CELLS ARE CAPABLE OF GLYCOLYSIS

A

ALL KINDS OF CELLS

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16
Q

HOW DO PROKARYOTIC CELLS DIVIDE

A

MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS

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17
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ENZYMES IS MOST RESPONSIBLE REGULATING GLYCOLYSIS

A

PHOSPFRUCTOKINASE

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18
Q

GLYCOLYSIS OCCURS IN THE

A

CYTOPLASM

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19
Q

GLYCOLYSIS TRSULTS IN THE NET SYNTESIS OF _____ ATP PER MOLECULE OF GLUCOSE

A

2

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20
Q

WHAT IS THE PRODUCT OF THE REACTION CATALYZED BY RUBISCO

A

2-PHOSPHOGLYCERAATE

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21
Q

WHICH OF FOLLOWING ENZYMES IS THE MAIN CONTROL POINT FOR THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE

A

ISOCITRTE DEHYDROGENASE

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22
Q

THE ROLE OF OXYGEN GAS IN OUR CELLS IS TO

A

ACCEPT ELECTRONS FROM THE ELCHAINECTRON TRANSFER

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23
Q

THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

A

INCLUDES INTEGRAL MEMBRANE PROTEINS

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24
Q

IN MEIOSIS

A

HOMOLOGUOUS CHROMOSOMES SEPERATE FROM ONE ANOTHER IN ANAPHASE I

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25
WHATE KIND OF CELLS DIVIDE MY MITOSIS
EUCARYOTIC CELLS
26
MEIOSIS PRODUCES CELLS WITH GENETIC VARIATION WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF THIS VARIATION
CROSSING OVER AND INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
27
WHERE DOES THE CALVIN CYCLE TAKE PLACE
in the stroma
28
in noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport water is used to
reduce chorophyll
29
which of the following statements about the cyclic electron transport is FALSE A CET results in synthesis of ATP B CET occurs when the ratio of NADPH/NADP+ in the chloroplast is high Cit uses photosystem II only D no NADPH is synthesized during CET E during cyclic ELT electrons are passed from ferredoxin to plastoquinne
C does not only use photosystem II false
30
which statement about chlorophylls is not true A they absorb light near both ends of the visible spectrum B they can accept energy from other pigments such as carotenoids C excited chlorophyll can either reduce another substance or fluoresce D excited chlorophyll may be an oxidizing agent E they contain magnesium
D excited chlorophyll may not be an oxidizing agent
31
what occurs on the thylakoid membrane
light reaction of photosynthesis
32
what kinds of organisms can do photosynthesis
plants and some bacteria and some protasia
33
you measure the rate of photosynthesis in a plant as a function of the wavelength of light the plot of this experiment is called
an action spectrum an action
34
where does the citric acid cycle occur in eukaryotes
matrix of mitochondria
35
what happens when a molecule absorbs light
a proton is a proton is boosted to a higher energy level
36
the calvin cycle produces a 3 carbon molecule that leaves the cycle and may be used to make
glyceraldehade 3-phhosphate
37
what is the purpose of fermentation
it regulated NAD+
38
ATP sythase catalyzes a hemical reaction that requires energy what is the immediate source used by ATP
Proton Gradient
39
where is ATP Synthase Located in cells
Inner membrane of the mitchondria and thylakoid membrane
40
which parts of the cellular respiration uses oxygen
Electron transport chain
41
how many ATP molecules can be made per molecule of glucose in cellular respiration
~32
42
which of the following molecules can be used in cellularr respiration
Polysaccharides fats and proteins
43
the energy given up by electrons as they move through the electron transport chain is used to
pump protons across a membrane
44
what is the main function of cellular respiration
Making ATP
45
in human muscle cells the fermentation process produces
lactic acid
46
when does cytokinesis usually begin
duriictophase
47
``` which of the following is not a function of mitosis A production for gametes B cell replacement C growth D repair damage organs E asexual reposuction ```
production of gametes
48
how many chromosomes would e found in normal human somatic cell during interphase
46
49
before a cell can leave G1 to go to S of the cell cycle
RB protein must be phosphorylated by Cdk
50
which cyclins are required for phosorylation of RB protein
Cyclins D and E
51
when does crossing over occur
prophase I
52
after receiving a signal some cells activate a genetic program that results in cells death what is this process called
apoptosis
53
the special cells that produce gametes in animals are called
germ cells
54
during meiosis sister chromatids of each chromosome move apart during
anaphase II
55
the spindle is made up of _____ and attatvhes to the _____
microtubules , kinetochores
56
sometimes chromosomes fail to sepeerate properly during meiosis what is this process called
nondisjunction
57
and aneuploid cell
can be detected by examining the karyotype
58
pyruvate oxidation is an important step in cellular respiration what is the product
acetyl CoA carbon dioxide and NADH
59
in electron transport chain in the mitochondria what does NADH donate electrons to
NADH-Q reduction
60
in the citric acid cycle what molecule accepts an acetyl group from acetyl -CoA
ocolacetate
61
what kind of sexual life cycle do most animals have
diplontic
62
a special molecule of chlorophyll is found at the reaction center of photosynthesis
P680
63
what kind of sexual life cycle do most plants have
alternation of generations
64
photo synthesis in green plants occurs only during the day cellular respiration in plants occurs
all the time
65
which of the rolling process produces NADH
glycolysis citric acid cycle and pyruvate oxidation
66
which of the following are proceded by the ccvliv electron transport in the chloroplast
ATP oxygen and NADPH
67
the oxygen that is produces during photosynesis
is made my photosystem II
68
where does the calvin cycle take place in eukaryotes
on the thylakoyd membrane
69
some animals use their mitochondria to make heat instead of ATP
they have a special protein in the membrane that allows protons to diffuse across a membrane
70
what happens when a molecule absorbs light
a proton is boosted to a higher energy level
71
when purvate is converted to lactate what other products are formed
NAD+
72
the calvin cycle produces a 3 carbon molecule that leaves the cycle and may be used to make glucose what is this molecule called
glyceraldehyde 3 phospate
73
ATP synthase catalyzes a chemical reaction that requires energy what is the immediate energy source used by ATP synthase
proton gradient
74
fermentation in eukaryotic cells occurs in the
cytoplasm
75
in the mitochondria electron transport chain what donates electrons to oxygen directly
cytochrome c oxide
76
oxalocetate accepts an acetyl group from acetyl- CoA what molecule will be produced
citrate
77
which of the following are products of pyruvate oxidation A carbon dioxide B NADH C acetyl CoA
all of the above
78
which of the following uses oxygen A CITRIC ACID CYCLE B electron transport C glycolysis
electron transport chain
79
how many ATP molecules can be made per molecule of glucose by glycolysis and cellular respiration
~32
80
in human muscle cells the fermentation processes produces
lactic acid
81
we learned about an expirment where a cell in s phase was fused to a cell in G1 phase of the cell cycle what is this
the g1 phase nucleus began DNA replication
82
infects a cell and inactivates retinoblastoma protein what will happen next
the cell will leave G1 and got to s phase
83
how do a prokaryotic cells divide
binary fission
84
what enzyme is the main regulator of the citric acid cycle
isocitriate dehyogenase
85
what part of the electron transport chain accepts from both succinate dehydrogenase and NADH-Q reductase
ubiquinone
86
reaction that require or consume free energy are called
endergonic reactions
87
the delta G of a reaction depends on whether an enzyme is present or not
false
88
how does the presence of an enzyme change the activation energy of a chemical reaction
activation energy in decreased
89
an inhibitor binds noncovalently to the active site of a enzyme what kind of inhibitor is this
competitive
90
in a chemical reaction
the entropy change depends on the activation energy
91
H=G+TS T is temp what are H and S
H is enthalpy and is is entropy
92
according to the second law of thermodynamics what happenes when energy is converted from one form to another
the amount of usable energy decreases
93
some enzymes will not function properly without the binding of inorganic ions these icons are called
cofactors