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Undergrad Kinesio > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Exam 1 Deck (71)
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1
Q

Kinesiology

A

Study of movement

2
Q

Biomechanics

A

Study of living organisms by means of mechanical principles

3
Q

Aristotle

A

One of the first to study human movement and animal movement

4
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Artist but primarily engineer
Studied mechanics for human movement
Invented water skis and hang gliders

5
Q

Andreas Vesalius

A

Published de humani corporis fabrica which was the first modern human anatomy text

6
Q

Boreal I

A

First to apply concepts of levers and forces to skeletal bodies
Wrote a book that also had information about bird migration

7
Q

Sir Isaac Newton

A

Father of mechanics
Gravity, three laws of motion
Modern math
2nd most influential person in history

8
Q

James Marey

A

First instrumented biomechanics laboratories

9
Q

Archibald Hill

A

Mechanics of spring

10
Q

Statics

A

Analysis of loads in static equilibrium; objects at rest or constant velocity

11
Q

Dynamics

A

Analysis of loads subject to accelerations or not at a steady state; objects in motion

12
Q

Kinematics

A

Description of motion (speed, velocity)

13
Q

Kinetics

A

Causes of motion (force)

14
Q

Scalars

A

Magnitude and units

Speed

15
Q

Vectors

A

Magnitude and direction
Velocity
Includes arrows

16
Q

Branches of mechanics

A

Rigid body
Deformable body
Fluid mechanics
Quantum mechanics

17
Q

1 meter=

A

=39 inches

18
Q

1 kg =

A

= 2.2 lbs

19
Q

Inertia

A

Property of an object to resist changes in motion

20
Q

Analog signal

A

Continuous signal

Electrical output

21
Q

Digital signal

A

Computer signal 1 and 0s
Easier to store, takes up less room
Does not get as much info and is less accurate

22
Q

Sampling rate

A

How often an instrument records measurement

23
Q

Photocells

A

Laser between 2 sensors

24
Q

Timing mat

A

Feel a force has starts or stops time

25
Q

Timing chips

A

Cross a line and chip starts or stops time

26
Q

Velocity measurement systems

A

Radar gun

Laser systems

27
Q

Electromyography

A

Determines if muscles are moving

28
Q

Modeling

A

Mathematical representation of bio mechanical system

29
Q

Forces

A

Simply a push or pull

Action and reaction

30
Q

Force units

A

1 Newton = 1 kg*1m/s^2

31
Q

Weight equation

A

W = mass*g

Newtons

32
Q

Gravity constant

A

9.81 m/s^2

33
Q

Components of contact forces

A

Normal or perpendicular

Parallel (friction)

34
Q

Static friction

A

Object doesn’t move

Highest COF

35
Q

Dynamic friction

A

Object is moving

36
Q

Friction

A

Force produced by the interaction of the particles between two objects

37
Q

Ways to change friction

A

Change a surface

Change surface area

38
Q

Rolling friction

A

Lower than static and kinetic friction

39
Q

Qualities of forces

A
Point of application
Line of action
Magnitude
Frequency
Rate
40
Q

Collinear

A

Same line of application of force

Added algebraically

41
Q

Static equilibrium

A

Net force acting on an object is zero

Sum of forces = 0

42
Q

Free body diagram

A

Drawing showing the external forces acting on a system

43
Q

Types of motion

A

Rectilinear
Curvilinear
Angular

44
Q

Rectilinear

A

Type of motion

Motion in a straight line

45
Q

Curvilinear

A

Type of motion

Rotating around something

46
Q

Linear motion

A

Change in position with respect to reference frame

47
Q

Speed

A

Scalar
S=l/t
L = distance

48
Q

Velocity

A

Vector
V = d/t
D= displacement

49
Q

External forces affecting motion

A

Weight
Friction
GRF
Contact forces

50
Q

1st law of motion

A

Law of inertia

Body at rest will stay at rest and a body in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force

51
Q

Momentum

A

Quantity of motion
Vector
L = m*v

52
Q

Types of collisions

A

Elastic

Inelastic

53
Q

Coefficient of restitution

A

Ratio of velocities in a collision

Measure of elasticity

54
Q

Factors affect COR

A

Material
Temperature
Altitude

55
Q

2nd law of motion

A

Law of acceleration

Change in motion of an object is proportional to the force exerted and is made in the direction of the force

56
Q

Impulse

A

Effect of force acting over time
Vector
J=f*t
Produces a change in momentum

57
Q

3rd law of motion

A

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

58
Q

Work

A

Capacity of a force to cause displacement

59
Q

Power

A

Rate of doing work

60
Q

Work equation

A

W =force * distance

Joules or Newton meters

61
Q

Power equation

A

P= force*displacement/time

Watts (J/s)

62
Q

Most effective power training

A

<70% of 1RM

63
Q

Measure of power

A

Direct

Indirect

64
Q

Direct measures of power

A

Margaria test
Vertical jump
Broad jump

65
Q

Indirect measures of power

A

Olympic weightlifting

66
Q

Energy

A

Capacity to do work
Joules
Scalar

67
Q

Mechanical energy

A

Ability to do work

68
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Type of energy Associated with motion of an object

69
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

Type of energy associated with height of object

70
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A

Energy is neither created nor destroyed

Law of conservation of energy

71
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

Cannot finish any real physical process with as much useful energy as you had to start with
Some energy is always wastes, never 100% efficient