Exam 1 Flashcards
(85 cards)
1
Q
aniso-
A
unequal
2
Q
blepharo-
A
eyelid
3
Q
cor-
A
pupil
4
Q
cyclo-
A
ciliary body
5
Q
dacryo-
A
tear lacrimation
6
Q
hyal-
A
vitreous
7
Q
hyp-
A
anterior chamber or under
8
Q
irido-
A
iris
9
Q
kerato-
A
cornea
10
Q
ophthalmo-
A
globe or eye
11
Q
papilla-
A
optic disc
12
Q
phaco-
A
lens
13
Q
phako-
A
lens
14
Q
tarso-
A
eyelid
15
Q
ablation
A
removal or destruction of part of the body
16
Q
accomodation
A
adjustments of the eye for seeing at different distances, usually accomplished by changes in the shape of the lens through action of the ciliary muscle, which results in focusing a clear image on the retina
17
Q
acuity
A
visual ability to distinguish shapes
18
Q
adnexa
A
accessory structures of the eye (eyelids, conjunctiva, extra-ocular muscles, glands of the orbit, and nasolacrimal system)
19
Q
albinism
A
a congenital absence of pigment. This may be appreciated in the iris (which appears pink) and the fundus (in which the choroid is easily seen)
20
Q
anisocoria
A
unequal or asymmetric pupils
21
Q
ankyloblepharon
A
adhesion between the eyelid margins; physiologic in kittens and puppies for the first 10-14 days of life
22
Q
anopthalmia
A
complete absence of the eye
23
Q
anterior chamber (AC)
A
space within the eye bounded anteriorly by the cornea and posteriorly by the iris; filled w/ aqueous humor
24
Q
anterior segment
A
collective term for those parts of the eye anterior to the vitreous; consisting of the lens, ciliary body, iris, anterior chamber, cornea, and anterior sclera
25
aphakia
absence of a lens
26
aphakic crescent
a visible crescent between the iris and lens equator due to subluxation of the lens
27
aqueous humor
clear watery fluid produced by the ciliary body that occupies the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye; egresses through the iridocorneal angle
28
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelids
29
blepharospasm
spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle resulting in eyelid closure; squinting
30
buphthalmos
enlargement of the eye, due to glaucoma
31
caruncle
a small piece of normal skin at the medial canthus from which hairs often protrude
32
chalazion
lipogranuloma of a meibomian gland due to impaction of secretions
33
chemosis
conjunctival edema
34
Cherry Eye
lay term for prolapsed gland of the third-eyelid
35
choroid
posterior portion of the uvea located between the retina and sclera; furnishes nourishment ot the retina and vitreous body
36
ciliary body
portion of the uveal tract between the retina and choroid, consisting of ciliary muscles and ciliary processes that produce aqueous humor
37
corpora nigrum
irregular cystic dilations on the pupillary margin of the iris in large herbivores; most notable dorsally, but also typically present ventrally
38
cortical blindness
blindness caused by a lesion in the occipital cortex
39
cyclitis
inflammation of ciliary body
40
Dazzle reflex
subcortical reflex in which a rapid eye blink is elicited by a right light shone into an eye
41
Dermoid
a congenital growth consisting of skin and its dermal appendages. Usually located near or connected to lateral canthus involving cornea, sclera, and conjunctiva
42
Descemetocele
a deep corneal ulcer characterized by exposure and possible protrusion of Descemet's membrane
43
Descemet's Membrane
the basement membrane of the corneal endothelium
44
distichiasis
condition in which a single cilium emerges from one or more meibomian gland
45
districhiasis
condition in which multiple cilia emerge from one meibomian gland orofice
46
Dyscoria
abnormally shaped pupil
47
Ectasia
dilatation; distention; usually pertaining to cornea or sclera and resulting from acquired weakness or congenital malformation
48
Ectopic cilia
cilia protruding through palpebral conjunctiva, often causing corneal ulceration and/or pain
49
Ectropion
an eversion or turning out of the eyelid
50
endophthalmitis
inflammation of the intraocular contents, excluding the fibrous tunic
51
enophthalmos
caudal recession of the eye into the orbit
52
entropion
an inversion or turning inward of the eyelid
53
enucleation
removal of the globe
54
epilation
removal of hair, especially cilia
55
epiphora
overflow of tears onto the face due to impaired drainage, excessive production, or both
56
evisceration
removal of the intraocular contents, with retentino of the fibrous tunic (cornea and sclera) and placement of a prosthesis within the corneoscleral shell
57
exenteration
removal of all of the orbital tissues, including the eye and its nervous vascular, and muscular connections
58
exopthalmos
protrusion of the eyeball from its normal position in the orbit
59
filtration angle
the pathway of egress of aqueous humor from the eye; iridocorneal angle
60
fluorescein
a water-soluble fluorescing dye which binds to glycosaminoglycans, notably within the corneal stroma. Used to detect corneal or conjunctival ulcers, patency of the nasolacrimal apparatus, and aqueous humor leakage
61
fovea
a small, thinned area of retina with increased numbers of photoreceptors providing the clearest vision; present in many primates, reptiles, and birds
62
fundus
the posterior layers of the eye, including the optic disc, retina, choroid, and sclera; visual through the pupil with an opthalmoscope.
63
glaucoma
abnormal increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) above that which is compatible with normal function ofthe eye due to impaired aqueous humor outflow. Closed (narrow) angle - mechanical obstruction of the iridocorneal angle. Open angle - gonioscopically normal iridocorneal angle
64
Horner's Syndrome
A usually unilateral, sympathetic denervation resulting in enopthalmos, protrusion of the third eyelid, ptosis, and/or miosis in most species. Ipsilateral sweating occurs in horses.
65
Hyphema
hemorrhage in the anterior chamber
66
Hypopyon
suppurative exudate in the anterior chamber
67
Hypotony
low intraocular pressure
68
"Injection"
congestion of blood vessels, usually conjunctival vessels
69
Iridocorneal Angle
the angle between the cornea and base of the iris; drainage angle
70
Iris
the disc-like, centrally perforated (forming the pupil), colored portion of the anterior uvea within the anterior segment of the eye
71
iris bombe
a condition in which the iris is bowed forward by the collection of aqueous in the posterior chamber due to complete circumferential posterior synechia
72
keratectomy
excision of part of the cornea
73
keratitis
corneal inflammation
| - often classified as ulcerative or non-ulcerative
74
Keratocunjunctivitis sicca
inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva secondary to dryness caused by impaired lacrimal gland function and decreased tear flow
75
Keratoplasy
corneal grafting, either partial thickness (lamellar) or full thickness (penetrating)
76
Keratotomy
incision or puncture into the cornea
77
limbus
junction of the cornea, sclera, and bulbar conjunctiva
78
meibomian (tarsal) glands
modified sebaceous glands in the eyelids w/ openings on the eyelid margin; produce the outer oily layer of tear film
79
menace response
eyelid closure in response to a visually threatening movement
80
microphthalmos
an abnormally small globe
81
miosis
constriction of the pupil
82
miotice
a medication casuing the pupil to constrict
83
mydriasis
dilation of the pupil
84
mydriatic
a medication causing the pupil to dilate
85
neovascularization
formation of new blood vessels where there were previously none (as in cornea or on surface of iris)
