Exam 1 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Identify the guidelines for the patient interview.
- The nurse uses therapeutic communication
techniques when conducting the interview. - Don’t overuse professional jargon or language.
- Don’t use biased questions such as “you don’t
use drugs do you?” - Use positive non-verbal communication
techniques. - Be aware of how the patient is responding
during interviewing.
What topics should you include in a health history?
- biographical data
- reason for seeking health care
- patient expectations
- present illness or health concerns
- health history
- family history
- environmental history
- psychosocial history
- spiritual health
- review of systems (ROS)
- documentation of history findings
What are some methods of data collection for a patient history?
- open-ended questions
- back channeling or repeating
- probing (getting more info)
- closed-ended questions
Discuss the purposes of physical assessment
*Triage for emergency care
• Routine screening to promote wellness &
preventive healthcare measures
• Determine eligibility for health insurance
• For hospital or LTC admission
What are the different types of physical assessment?
- Initial or Comprehensive assessment
- Focused assessment
- Interval assessment
what are the levels of consciousness?
- alert, oriented x3
- memory intact
- uses logic and judgement
- understands questions
what is the McCaffery definition of pain?
“Pain is whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever the experiencing person says it does.”
What are the characteristics of a pain assessment?
- location
- onset, duration
- variations, rhythms
- what relieves the pain
- what increases the pain
- manner of expressing pain
- effects of pain
- quality
- intensity
What are the characteristics of pain? (PQRST)
- P- Palliative factors/ Provocative factors
- Q-Quality
- R- Radiation/Region
- S-Severity
- T- Temporal factors
What is an important pain intensity question to ask?
–What is an acceptable level of
pain for you?
define health
“a state of complete physical, mental, & social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1948)
• Individual variability
• A dynamic state of being in which the developmental and behavioral potential
is realized to the fullest extent possible (ANA, 1980)
• Not just the absence of illness
define health promotion
The process of equipping people to have control over, and to
improve physical, emotional, and social health.
what are internal variables influencing health?
Biological
Psychological
Cognitive
Spiritual
what are external variables influencing health?
Environment
Cultural beliefs
Standards of Living
Social support networks
what are the levelsof preventative care?
- primary prevention
- secondary prevention
- tertiary prevention
activities that decrease the probability of illness or disease
primary prevention
activities of early diagnosis and treatment
secondary prevention
activities aimed at restoring the person to optimum functioning
through rehabilitation
tertiary prevention
what are some examples for active strategies for health promotion?
- weight reduction
- smoking cessation
- nutrition
- exercise
what are some examples for passive strategies for health promotion?
- fortified milks and cereals
- fluoride in drinking water
- trans fat bans
- GMO debates
• Identify risk factors that could make an individual vulnerable to developing an acute or
chronic illness.
• Anything that can increase the vulnerability of an individual, family, or
community to develop an acute or chronic illness.
• Risk factors may or may not be controllable.
• Genetic – i.e. diabetes and heart disease
• Age – i.e. more children die from accidents, cancer risk increases with age
• Environment – air-water-earth
• Lifestyle – diet, alcohol, smoking, etc
Explain the role of the nurse in health promotion.
• Understand your patient’s perception of health & wellness
• Acknowledge influences
• Identifying their areas of risk
• Identifying their stage of change and readiness to learn
• Identifying the topic with the highest need
• Areas addressed by the nurse in health promotion:
• nutrition
• physical fitness
• weight control
• avoidance of tobacco and alcohol
• avoidance of substance abuse
• enhancing holistic care
● An important role of the nurse is to be an advocate.
Discuss examples of complementary alternative medicine (CAM).
- Traditional Chinese medicine
- Native American healing
- Botanical Healing- herbals, aromatherapy, homeopathy
- Nutritional Therapy
- Healing with the hands-Chiropractic, massage, acupuncture
- Mind-Body Therapies –Yoga, meditation, hypnotherapy, guided imagery
- Biofeedback
- Spiritual therapy
- Music, pet therapy
Discuss Healthy People 2020 and the health promotion goals for those in the United
States
4 broad goals: •Increase quality and years of healthy life •Eliminate health disparities •Create environments that promote health •Promote healthy behaviors
