exam 1 Flashcards
(20 cards)
found that the percentage of people who helped a stranger in need dropped from 66% to 10% when the people were in a rush
Good Samaritan Study
conceptualizations of categories people rely on to make sense of surrounding world
schemas
an experimental manipulation that has been studied to determine how crowd size influences people’s responses to others perceived to be in need of assistance
Bystander Intervention
the mistake of presuming that new and relevant evidence will always help improve the judgements and decisions one makes
interview illusion
common failure to recognize contexts and situations as important as they are for understanding and explaining people’s beliefs, opinions, and actions
context blindness
occur when the data from a sample fails to represent the statistics of its population
statistical biases
the principle that the larger a sample is, the more likely that sample’s statistics approximates the statistics of the whole population
law of large numbers
a property of some data related to how different points are spread out
dispersion
a property of the dispersion of data of some variable that relates to how much of the data clusters around the mean
standard deviation
representing something in a new way so heuristics can be applied
coding
a factor that influences which inferential rules people are likely to consider relevant and use in reasoning in a situation
framing
dispersion of data with a bell shaped curve that peaks at the mean
normal distribution
a statistical principle according to which, when all else equal, the values of any new data are more likely to be nearer to the mean after extreme, or outlying, data has been observed
regression to the mean
an inferential rule, or guide to making judgements, that significantly depends on analogies or comparative assessments of similarities
representativeness heuristic
occur when people, and some non-human animals, perform some tasks more diligently and effectively when others are around
social facilitation effects
occurs when context blindness causes people to overestimate the role of personal dispositions when understanding and explaining specific thoughts, feelings, and behavior
fundamental attribution error
particular inferences or interpretations made in a situation that are influenced by how the situation is framed and which schema are activated or triggered
construals
a relation of covariation among distinct factors or measured variables
correlation
potentialities or capacities like fragility or solubility
dispositions
a rule of thumb for inferring the likelihood of some event happening
the availability heuristic
