Exam 1 Flashcards
(69 cards)
What is the effective communication cycle?
Sender ->
Communication ->
Receiver ->
Feedback to Sender.
When is there potential for a communication breakdown in healthcare?
Anytime there is a communication happening.
What are the categories of risk factors for distorted messages?
Physical
Psychological
Physiological
Semantic
What are examples of physical risk factors for distortion of messages?
Distractions from the external environment - background noise or unfamiliar surroundings
What are psychological or physiological risk factors for distorted communication?
Psychological - emotional state of communicators
Physiological - Illness, fatigue, cognitive impairment
What would semantic risk factors be?
Language/literacy issues, illegible handwriting or unknown abbreviations
What is the health belief model?
Start by understanding the patient’s beliefs about their health.
Understand what factors contribute to those beliefs.
Use the model to gear your education style/recommendations/interventions based on what works for them.
What does Orlando’s theory of Deliberative nursing process say?
Effective nursing communication comes from:
Pt communicating to nurse, nurse thinking internally, then nurse communicates those thoughts to the patient for validation BEFORE moving on with the activity the nurse had thought about/decided upon.
Collaborative process.
What does Carl Rogers Rogerian model say about communication?
The interaction between client and patient is therapeutic and patient-centered.
The provider must communicate with empathy, respect and genuineness in order to help the patient adjust and get better.
What is the model of social information processing?
Nurses learn to develop their communication skills by regulating their own internal reactions, developing confidence, deciding on a response that will help both the patient and the nurse achieve their goals.
What are the six roles Peplau described?
Stranger (pt. Arrives as a stranger - nurse accepts in a way that promotes trust)
Resource (nurse gives info, answers questions, interprets some clinical information)
Teaching (Nurse teaches pt with instruction/training)
Counseling: (Nurse guides and encourages pt to integrate this new experience into their current life)
Surrogate (Nurse advocates for pt and helps patient clarify what roles are independent, dependent and interdependent)
Active leadership (helps pt gain a sense of responsibility for goals of treatment)
What are Peplau’s three (five) phases? (Theory of Self)
Orientation phase: beginning of relationship, nurse and pt are strangers. Pt seeks help and nurse helps pt identify problem and how much help he/she needs.
Working phase
Identification: nurse assures pt that he/she understands.
Exploitation: pt uses nurse’s services. Nurse helps with strategies to resolve issue.
Resolution: Pt’s old needs are resolved - more mature goals emerge.
Termination phase: Nurse and pt evaluate progress, end relationship. Nurse gives referrals for continuing care.
Define “ego defense mechanisms”
Ways that people protect themselves during situations that create anxiety within them.
Define transference
When you project someone else’s emotions or your own emotions from the past and project them onto the present situation.
Define countertransference
Feelings that someone develops in response to a current situation that is rooted in the feeler’s past experiences.
What should we know about genuineness
Being oneself while still working as a nurse can help to put a patient at ease - laughing, being humble.
It can even include self-revelations, but we have to use these carefully so that communication remains patient-focused. (This is not the same as disclosing personal problems - which the notes say NO to)
What should we know about Erikson’s research?
Erickson developed a series of stages about personality development that continue throughout the lifespan. Understanding these helps us to understand where others are in their own personal journey.
(Ie, adolescence and being one’s self; 60+ years and coming to terms with being and not being).
What should we know about Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Basic needs are at the bottom (food, water, etc), then through love/belonging, self-esteem, with self-actualization at the top. Can’t happen until you’ve met all your other needs.
What are some ways the text says nurses can be genuine?
You still have to hold back judgments, but you can acknowledge their struggles, offer encouragement, and show interest in pt’s family, work, and personal stories.
Define Open Self
Behaviors/thoughts/feelings known by you and others
Define Blind self
Things people know about you that you don’t know about yourself
Define Hidden self
All that you know about yourself but you hide from others
Define unknown self
Truths about yourself that neither you nor others know about.
What are the three times you can breach confidentiality?
Suspicion of abuse of elders/minors
Commission of a crime (?)
Threat of harm to oneself or others