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Clinical Procedures 1 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Microorganism

A

A microscopic plant or animal

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2
Q

Pathogen

A

A disease producing microorganism

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3
Q

Nonpathogen

A

A microorganism that does not normally produce disease

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4
Q

Transient Flora

A

Microorganisms that reside on the superficial skin layers and are picked up in the course of daily activities

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5
Q

Cilia

A

Slender, Hairlike processes that constantly beat toward the outside to remove microorganisms from the body

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6
Q

Susceptible Host

A

One that is capable of being infected by the pathogen; low resistance

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7
Q

Anaerobe

A

A microorganism that grows the best in the absence of oxygen

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8
Q

Aerobe

A

A microorganism that needs oxygen to live and grow

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9
Q

Exposure Incident

A

A specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from an employees duties

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10
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

Practices that are employed to inhibit the growth and hinder the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms

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11
Q

Disinfection

A

Using an agent to destroy pathogenic microorganisms

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12
Q

Sterilization

A

Process of destroying all forms of microbial life & bacterial spores

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13
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety Health Administration

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14
Q

CDC

A

Center for Disease Control and Prevention

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15
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equipment

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16
Q

OPIM

A

Other Potentially Infectious Material

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17
Q

Safer Medical Devices

A

Device that based on reasonable judgement, would make an an exposure incident involving a contaminated sharp less likely

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18
Q

Work Practice Control

A

Reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which the technique is performed

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19
Q

Ergonomics

A

Study of maximizing work efficiency by adapting the work environment for optimal physical and mental function

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20
Q

Identify 4 types of microorganisms

A

Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Animal Parasites

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21
Q

6 Basic Requirements for growth and multiplication of microorganisms

A 
Proper Nutrition
Oxygen
Temperature
Darkness
Moisture 
pH
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22
Q

Advantages of hand sanitizers

A

More accessible than sinks, no rinsing, less time required for hand hygiene

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23
Q

What is PPE and give examples

A

Personal Protective Equipment

Ex: Gloves, Masks, goggles, gowns

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24
Q

A term used to describe a microorganism that produces disease is known as

A

Pathogen

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25
Identify methods of transmission of microorganism(s) from one person to another
Direct contact with an infected person or discharge Ex: Droplets of moisture, coughs, sneezes, contaminated hands and equipment
26
When does the CDC recommend the use of soap and water to wash the hands?
- When the hands are visibly soiled with dirt or bodily fluids - Before Eating - After Using the restroom
27
Name 3 Factors that would influence one’s resistance to pathogens
Poor Hygiene Poor Nutrition Stress Poor Health
28
How is HIV transmitted?
Sexual Contact, Needles, Blood, Mother to infant, Breast Milk
29
How is Hep B transmitted?
Blood, Sexual Contact, Mother to infant during childbirth
30
Explain how to handle regulated medical waste
Separate regulated waste from the general refuse at its point of origin Ensure that biohazard containers are closable, leakproof, and suitably constructed to contain the contents Close lid of sharps container before removing it from exam room Securely close biohazard bags before removing them from exam room Transport full biohazard containers to secured area away from public
31
Explain how to dispose of regulated medical waste
Place biohazard bags/sharps containers in receptacle provided by medical waste service Store biohazard boxes in locked room inside facility Tracking record completed when waste is picked up by medical waste service
32
Are there any body fluids that are not considered OPIM?
Yes; urine, feces, tears, vomit, nasal secretions
33
Common Household substance that is an inexpensive and effective germicide which will rapidly inactivate HIV
Household Bleach
34
What is the most common side effect of the Hep B vaccine?
Soreness at injection site
35
Protective Devices of the body that help prevent microorganisms from entering
``` Coughing/Sneezing Skin Tears Sweat Mucous Membranes ```
36
The most common source of contamination with HIV for health care workers
Being stuck with an HIV contaminated needle/sharp object
37
What are the main risks for patients with chronic Hepatitis B?
Liver cancer,liver failure & cirrhosis
38
What type of microorganism causes Hep B/HIV?
Virus
39
Is there a vaccine for HIV?
Yes, not in the United States
40
Is there a vaccine for Hep B?
Yes
41
What is the schedule for administration of the Hep B vaccine?
0,1,6 months
42
Purpose of OSHA’s Exposure Control Plan
Written document stipulating the protective measures that must be followed in that medical office to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens and OPIM
43
Purpose of OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
To provide a safe working environment for health care workers
44
Purpose of Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act
Aims to reduce needlesticks and the use of safer medical devices
45
Engineering Control
All measures and devices that isolate or remove the blood borne pathogens hazard from the workplace
46
Work Practice Control
Reduce the likelihood of exposure by altering the manner in which the technique is performed
47
Occupational Exposure
Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employees duties
48
Post Exposure Prophylaxis
Treatment administered to an individual after exposure to an infectious disease, to prevent the disease
49
Body Mechanics
- Using your body efficiently and effectively - Maintain good body alignment and optimal use of muscles - Base of Support & Center of Gravity
50
Ergonomics
Study of maximizing work efficiency by adapting the work environment for optimal physical and mental function
51
List the guidelines for lifting and moving patients or something heavy
``` Keep feet shoulder width apart Use large muscles of legs--not back Pivot the body-not just upper body Pull or push rather than lift Avoid lifting above your head-step stool Hold heavy objects close to your body Bend from the knees when lifting ```
52
Guidelines for PPE
Alternative provided for employees allergic to latex Replace gloves as soon as possible when contaminated PPE must be removed before leaving medical office Used PPE must be placed in appropriate designated area PPE provided at no cost to employees Utility gloves can be decontaminated/reused
53
When to use Handwashing
Hands visibly soiled with dirt or bodily fluids Before eating After using restroom
54
When to use Antiseptic Handwashing
Before assisting with minor office surgery
55
When to use OH Based hand rub
Used to sanitize hands when they are not visibly soiled
56
Precautions to prevent HIV infection of health care workers
Use PPE !!!
57
Medical Asepsis definition
reduces number of organisms and prevents their spread
58
Examples of Medical Asepsis
Ex: Hand Hygiene,PPE
59
Surgical Asepsis definition
Includes procedures to remove all microorganisms from a specific area
60
Examples of Surgical Asepsis
Ex: Sterilization of surgical instruments, sterile gloves

Clinical Procedures 1 (9 decks)

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