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Clinical Procedures 1 > FINAL EXAM!!! > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM!!! Flashcards

1
Q

Aseptic

A

Free from infection

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2
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

Practices that keep objects and areas sterile or free from microorganisms

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3
Q

Transient Flora

A

Microorganisms that reside on the superficial skin layers and are picked up in the course of daily activities

Often pathogenic but can be removed easily from the skin by sanitizing the hands

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4
Q

Malaise

A

A vague sense of discomfort, weakness, and fatigue that often marks the onset of a disease and continues through the coarse of illness

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5
Q

Bradycardia

A

An abnormally slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm)

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6
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

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7
Q

External Respiration

A

Exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood

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8
Q

Apnea

A

The temporary cessation of breathing

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9
Q

Hypoxia

A

Reduction in the oxygen supply to the tissues of the body

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10
Q

Prognosis

A

The probable course and outcome of a patient’s condition and the patient’s prospects for recovery

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11
Q

Risk Factor

A

Anything that increases an individual’s chance of developing a disease

(Some can be avoided and some can’t)

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12
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness

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13
Q

Presbyopia

A

A decrease in the elasticity of the lens that occurs with aging, resulting in a decreased ability to focus on close objects

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14
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease producing microorganism

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15
Q

Nonpathogen

A

A microorganism that does not normally produce disease

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16
Q

Opportunistic Infection

A

An infection that results from a defective immune system that cannot defend the body from pathogens normally found in the environment

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17
Q

Febrile

A

Pertaining to fever

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18
Q

Tachypnea

A

An abnormal increase in the respiratory rate of or more than 20 breaths per min

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19
Q

Bounding Pulse

A

A pulse with an increased volume that feels very strong and full

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20
Q

Orthopnea

A

The condition in which breathing is easier when an individual is in a sitting or standing position

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21
Q

Cyanosis

A

A bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes

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22
Q

Systole

A

The phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract, sending blood out of the heart and into the aorta and pulmonary aorta; opposite of diastole

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23
Q

Chronic

A

Existing over a long period of time

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24
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

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25
Edema
The retention of fluid in the tissues, resulting in swelling
26
Astigmatism
A refractive error that causes distorted and blurred vision for both near and far objects due to a cornea that is oval shaped
27
Normal Flora
Harmless, nonpathogenic microorganisms that normally reside in many parts of the body but do not cause disease
28
Medical Asepsis
Practices that are employed to inhibit the growth and hinder the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to prevent the spread of infection
29
Sterilization
The process of destroying all forms of microbial life, including bacterial spores
30
Detergent
An agent that cleanses by emulsifying dirt and oil
31
Afebrile
without fever; normal body temperature
32
Tachycardia
An abnormally fast heart rate; more than 100 bpm
33
Internal Respiration
Exchange of gases between the blood and tissue cells
34
Dyspnea
Shortness of Breath or Difficulty breathing
35
Hypoxemia
A decrease in the oxygen saturation of the blood. Hypoxemia may lead to hypoxia.
36
Diastole
The phase in the cardiac cycle in which the heart relaxes between contractions; opposite of systole
37
Erythema
Reddening of the skin caused by dilation of superficial blood vessels in the skin
38
Crepitus
A grating sensation caused by fractured bone fragments rubbing against each other
39
Right Eye Abbreviation
OD
40
Left Eye Abbreviation
OS
41
Both eyes abbreviation
OU
42
Right ear abbreviation
AD
43
Left ear abbreviation
AS
44
Both ears abbreviation
AU
45
Where do you take an apical pulse?
Stethoscope is placed over the apex of the heart fifth intercostal (between the ribs) space at the junction of the left midclavicular line
46
What artery is used for blood pressure most often?
Brachial Artery
47
What is the function of a speculum?
an instrument used for opening a body orifice or cavity for viewing
48
What is an otoscope used for?
Instrument used for examining the external ear canl and tympanic membrane
49
What is an ophthalmoscope used for?
instrument for examining the interior of the eye
50
What is a stethoscope/what is it used for?
instrument used for amplifying and hearing sounds produced by the body
51
What abbreviation do you use to record oxygen saturation as measured by a pulse oximeter?
SpO2
52
What does it mean if something is sterile? It is free of what?
free of all living microorganisms and spores
53
What is the most common temperature and pressure for autoclaving?
- 15 lbs of pressure | - 250 degrees F
54
Abbreviation for Height
Ht
55
Abbreviation for Weight
Wt
56
abbreviation for Blood Pressure
BP
57
abbreviation for last menstrual period
LMP
58
abbreviation for immediately
STAT
59
Normal oxygen saturation level for a healthy adult?
95%-99%
60
what is autoclave tape?
shows it went through the autoclave
61
Does autoclave tape ensure sterility?
NO
62
what is used to sterilize articles in the medical office most often?
autoclave
63
what type of water is used in autoclave?
distilled
64
abbreviation for by mouth
PO
65
what is the control center for involuntary respiration?
Medulla Oblongata
66
Prescription abbreviation
Rx
67
Treatment abbreviation
Tx
68
diagnosis abbreviation
Dx
69
without abbreviation
S w/ line above it
70
What is the supine position?
Laying face up
71
What is the supine position used for?
Examining the head, chest, abdomen & extremities
72
what is the prone position?
laying face down
73
what is the prone position used for?
to examine the back & assess extension of the hip joint
74
what is the lithotomy position?
body is supine positioned, with legs separated and in stirrups
75
what is the lithotomy positioned used for?
vaginal, pelvic & rectal exams
76
what is fowlers position?
semi-upright sitting position w/ knees bent or straight
77
what is the fowlers position used for?
examining upper body of patients w/ cardiovascular and respiratory problems
78
what is sims position?
patient lie on their left side, left hip and lower extremity straight, and right hip and knee bent
79
what is sims position used for?
- vaginal/rectal exam - measuring rectal temp - perform sigmoidoscopy - to administer an enema
80
what is dorsal recumbent position?
lies on their back with their knees bent up in an outward position while their feet are planted flat
81
what is dorsal recumbent used for?
performing vaginal/rectal exams and to insert urinary catheter
82
palpation
examination of body using sense of touch
83
examples of palpation
examining breasts | taking pulse
84
auscultation
listening w/ a stethoscope to the sounds produced within body
85
examples of auscultation
- listening to heart/lungs | - measuring blood pressure
86
inspection
observation of patient for any signs of disease; most frequently used
87
examples of inspection
color, speech, skin condition, body contour and symmetry, body movements, and anxiety level
88
percussion
tapping w/ fingers and listening to sounds produced
89
examples of percussion
examining lungs and abdomen
90
Pulse deficit
apical pulse-radial pulse
91
arrhythmia
irregular/bad pulse
92
what do you do if you are questioning sterility?
get new instrument and re-sterilize current one
93
Normal body temp range
97-99 degrees farenheit
94
average body temp
98.6 degrees F
95
urinalysis abbreviation
UA
96
vital signs abbreviation
V/S
97
intramuscular abbreviation
IM
98
with abbreviation
c with line above it
99
subcutaneous abbreviation
SC
100
Hyperthermia Symptoms
- temp of 104 degrees F | - Confusion, nausea, vomiting, rapid breathing, thirst, dehydration
101
Systolic meaning
Amount of pressure in your arteries during contraction of heart muscle
102
Diastolic meaning
when your heart muscle is between beats
103
what does blood pressure mean?
measurement of pressure or force exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries in which it is continued
104
what info does pulse oximetry provide?
info on patients cardiorespiratory status--in particular amount of oxygen being delivered to the tissues of the body
105
what is included in a complete patient examination?
Health history, physical examination, lab tests
106
disinfection
the process of cleaning something, especially with a chemical, in order to destroy bacteria
107
fungicide
a chemical that destroys fungus.
108
distention
The state of being distended, enlarged, swollen from internal pressure
109
patent
open/unobstructed
110
perforation
a hole made by boring or piercing; an aperture passing through or into something
111
pallor
an unhealthy pale appearance
112
acute
less than 6 months
113
visual acuity
sharpness of vision, measured by the ability to discern letters or numbers at a given distance according to a fixed standard
114
turgor
the degree of elasticity
115
presbycusis
hearing loss that commonly occurs with old age
116
how are microorganisms transmitted?
- air droplets - direct contact - contaminated food/water - blood
117
what causes AIDS?
HIV
118
What is HIV?
Sexually transmitted infection
119
weak pulse rate
bradycardia
120
rapid pulse rate
tachycardia
121
What would you need to set up for a physical exam?
- Reflex Hammer - Otoscope - Tape Measure - Gloves - Tuning Fork - Tongue depressor

Clinical Procedures 1 (9 decks)

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