Exam 1

Question 1

basic critical thinking

Answer 1

results from limited nursing knowledge and experience, as well as inadequate critical thinking experience
- trusts the experts and thinks concretely based on the rules

Question 2

complex critical thinking

Answer 2

• express autonomy by analyzing and examining data to determine the best alternative
• increase in nursing knowledge, experience, intuition, and more flexible attitudes

Question 3

commitment

Answer 3

• expects to make choices without help from others and fully assumes the responsibility for those choices
• results from an expert level of knowledge, experience, developed intuition, and reflective, flexible attitudes

Question 4

semi fowlers

Answer 4

• 15-45
• prevents regurgitation of enteral feedings and aspiration
• promotes lung expansion (like high fowler)

Question 5

fowler

Answer 5

• 45-60
• allows for better chest expansion and ventilation
• better dependent drainage after abdominal surgeries

Question 6

high fowlers

Answer 6

• 60-90
• promotes lung expansion by lowering the diaphragm and thus relieving severe dyspnea
• prevents aspiration

Question 7

prone

Answer 7

• lies flat on their abdomen and chest with head to one side. and back in correct alignment
• promotes drainage from the mouth after oral or throat surgery
• prevents hip flexion contractures

Question 8

orthopneic

Answer 8

• clients sit in bed or at bedside with a pillow on the overbed table, which is across the client’s lap
• allows for chest expansion and is beneficial for clients who have COPD

Question 9

trendelenburg

Answer 9

position facilitates postural drainage and venous returns

Question 10

reverse trendelenburg

Answer 10

promotes gastric emptying and prevents esophageal reflux

Question 11

modified trendelenburg

Answer 11

helps prevent and treat hypovolemia and facilitates venous return

Question 12

emergent category (class I)

Answer 12

highest priority is given to clients who have life-threatening injuries but also have a high possibility of survival once they are stabilized

Question 13

urgent category (Class II)

Answer 13

second-highest priority given to clients who have major injuries that are not yet life threatening and can wait 45-60 minutes for treatment

Question 14

non-urgent category (class III)

Answer 14

the next highest priority is given to client who have minor injuries that are not life-threatening and do not need immediate injuries

Question 15

expectant category (class IV)

Answer 15

lowest priority is given to clients who are not expected to live and are allowed to die naturally

Question 16

standardized formats

Answer 16

framework for obtaining information about client’s physical, developmental, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual dimensions

Question 17

therapeutic formats

Answer 17

health assessment foster communication and create an environment that promotes optimal health assessment/ data collection experience