Exam 1 Flashcards
(127 cards)
Regulates NP prescriptive authority
State Board of Nursing
APRNs care for the patient from a
holistic approach and include the patient in decision making regarding their care
Clinical judgement in prescribing includes:
factoring in the cost to the patient of the medications prescribed
Criteria for choosing an effective drug for a disorder include:
consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50%
Half-life
When prescribing based on schedule, be aware of:
half-life
After four to five half-lives, what does a drug reach?
Steady state
Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect are
rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desire action
Drugs metabolized in the liver by phase I or phase II reactions
change drug molecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete
Hypoalbuminemia
May affect the distribution of drugs to target tissues
Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with:
narrow therapeutic ranges or sustained-release mechanisms
CYP3A4 enzyme can:
induce or inhibit metabolism of another drug
Grapefruit juice contains furanocoumarins that have been found to:
inhibit CYP3A4, leading to decreased first-pass metabolism
To achieve the best effect, take enteric-coated tablets with:
at least 8 ounces of fluid
If crushed could possibly result in toxicity
sustained-release capsules
What is an advantage of sublingual medication?
Absorbed rapidly
Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include:
lipid solubility of the drug
A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to:
better absorption
Treatment goals in prescribing should always be:
patient-centered
Therapeutic goals when prescribing include:
curative, palliative, preventative
When determining drug treatment, the NP should:
individualize the drug choice for the specific patient
Patient education regarding prescribed medications includes:
discussion of expected adverse drug reactions
What is passive monitoring?
Instructing the patient to report if the drug is not effective
Who regulates the official labeling for all prescription and OTC drugs?
FDA