Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Professional Practice > Exam 1: Ch. 8 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Ch. 8 Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

CNS

A

Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

ADHD

A

Attention-deficit/hyperactive Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CSF

A

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CVA

A

Cerebrovascular accident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

EEG

A

Electroencephalogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

GAD

A

General anxiety disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

LP

A

Lumbar puncture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MS

A

Multiple sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

OCD

A

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

PTSD

A

Post traumatic stress disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TIA

A

Transient ischemic attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Affect

A

Emotional feeling or mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in an irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual functions, total disability and death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Analgesic

A

Agent the relieves pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

A severe disturbance in eat behavior cause by an abnormal perceptions about one’s body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

Agent that prevents or lessens convulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anxiolytic Agents

A

Drugs used to reduce anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Apathy

A

A lack of interest or display of emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Aphasia

A

Impairment because of localized brain injury that affects the understanding, retrieving, and formulating, of meaningful, and sequential elements of language, and demonstrated by an inability to use or comprehend words; occurs as a result of a stroke, head trauma, or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder

A

A dysfunction characterized by constant hyperactivity, distractibility, and lack of control over impulses, which interferes with ability to function normally at school, home, or work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dyslexia

A

A developmental disability characterizes by difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs that affects reading, spelling and self expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

A severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perception about ones body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by efforts to limit digestion through induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Schizophrenia

A

A disease of brain chemistry causing a distorted cognitive and emotional perception of one’s environment; symptoms include distortions of normal function (such as disorganized thought), delusions, hallucinations, and catatonic behavior), flat affect, apathy, and withdrawal from reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
autism
a developmental disability, commonly appearing during the first three years of life, resulting from a neurologic disorder affecting brain function, as evidenced by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication and an inability to relate to anything beyond oneself in social interactions; persons with autism often exhibit body movements such as rocking and repetitive hand movements; persons commonly become preoccupied with observing parts of small objects or moving parts or with performing meaningless rituals
25
dysthymia
a milder affective disorder characterized by chronic depression
26
bipolar disorder
an affective disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression (extreme up and down states)
27
generalized anxiety disorder
the most common anxiety disorder; characterized by chronic, excessive, incontrollable worry about everyday problems; affects the ability to relax or concentrate, but employment; physical symptoms include muscle tension, trembling, twitching, fatigue, headaches, nausea, and insomnia
28
post traumatic stress disorder
a disorder of sudden, recurrent attacks of intense feelings, including physical symptoms that mimic a heart attack (rapid heart rate, chest pain, shortness of breath, chills, sweating, and dizziness) with a general sense of loss of control or feeling that death is imminent; often progresses to agoraphobia
29
obsessive compulsive disorder
an anxiety disorder featuring unwanted, senseless obsession accompanied by repeated compulsions; can interfere with all aspects of a person's daily life; for example, the thought that a door is not locked causing repetitive checking to make sure it is locked, or thoughts that one's body has been contaminated causing repetitive washing
30
hypochondriasis
a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering from a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary
31
autonomic nervous system
nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and various glands
32
sympathetic nervous system
division of the autonomic nervous system that is concerned primarily with preparing the body in stressful or emergency situations
33
parasympathetic nervous system
division of the autonomic nervous system that is most active in ordinary conditions; it counterbalances the effects of the sympathetic system by restoring the body to a restful state after a stressful experiences
34
catatonia
a state of unresponsiveness to one's outside environment, usually including muscle rigidity, staring, and inability to communicate
35
delusion
a persistent belief that has no basis in reality
36
grandiose delusion
a person's false belief that he or she possesses great wealth, intelligence, or power
37
dysphoria
a restless, dissatisfied mood
38
euphoria
an exaggerated, unfounded feeling of well-being
39
hypnotic
agent that induces sleep
40
hallucination
a false perception of hte senses for which there is no reality; most commonly hearing or seeing things
41
ideation
the formation of thoughts or ideas, such as suicidal ideation (thoughts of suicide)
42
mania
state of abnormal elation and increased activity
43
neurosis
a psychologic condition in which anxiety is prominent
44
psychosis
a mental condition characterized by distortion of reality resulting in the inability to communicate or function with one's environment
45
electroencephalogram
record of minute electrical potentials; used to identify neuralgic conditions that affect brain function and level of consciousness
46
lumbar puncture
introduction of a specialized needle into he spine in the lumbar region for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, such as to obtain CSF for testing; also called spinal tap
47
central nervous system
brain and spinal chord
48
meninges
three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater
49
peripheral nervous system
nerves that branch from the central nervous system including nerves of the brain (cranial nerves) and spinal cord (spinal nerves)
50
dysphasia
same as aphasia
51
delirium
a state of mental confusion caused by disturbance in cerebral function; the many causes include fever, shock, and drug overdose
52
dementia
an impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion
53
neuralgia
pain along the course of a nerve
54
paresthesia
abnormal sensation of numbness such as touch or pain
55
hemiparesis
partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body
56
syncope
fainting
57
tactile stimulation
evoking a response by touching
58
cerebral palsy
condition of motor dysfunction caused by damage to the cerebrum during development or injury at birth; characterized by partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination
59
cerebrovascular accident
disorder resulting from a change within one or more blood vessels of the brain
60
transient ischemic attach
brief episode of loss of blood flow to the brain, usually caused by a partial occlusion that results in temporary neurologic deficit (impairment); often precedes a CVA
61
stroke
blood clot in the brain
62
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
63
epilepsy
disorder affecting the central nervous system; characterized by recurrent seizures
64
tonic-clonic seizure
stiffening-jerking; a major motor seizure involving all muscle groups; previously termed grand mal seizure
65
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
66
myasthenia gravis
autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, causing a progressive decrease in muscle strength; activity resumes and strength returns after a period of rest
67
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
68
spina bifida
defect in development of the spinal column characterized by the absence of cerebral arches, often resulting in pouching of the menages or of the meninges and spinal cord; considered to be the most common neural tube defect
69
Parkinson's disease
condition of slowly progressive degeneration in an area of the brainstem resulting in a decrease of dopamine; characterized by remora, rigidity of muscles, and slow movements; usually occurs later in life
70
hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of the body
71
quadriplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
72
poliomyelitis
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, often resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis
73
polyneuritis
inflammation involving two or more nerves often caused by a nutritional deficiency, such as lack of thiamine
74
sleep apnea
periods of breathing cessation that occur during sleep, often causing snoring
75
chemotherapy
treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents to destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
76
convulsion
to pull together; type of seizure that causes a series of sudden involuntary contractions of muscles
77
seizure
sudden, transient disturbances in brain function resulting from an abnormal firing of nerve impulses; may or may not be associated with convulsion
78
craniectomy
excision of part of the skull to approach the brain
79
craniotomy
incision into the skull to approach the brain
80
flat affect
significantly dulled emotional tone or outward reaction
81
hemiparesis
partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body
82
hydrocephalus
abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain as a result of developmental anomalies, infection, injury, or tumor
83
multiple sclerosis
disease of the central nervous system characterized by the demyelination of nerve fibers, with episodes of neurologic dysfunction followed by recover
84
narcolepsy
sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis, and dreams intruding while awake
85
neural tube defects
congenital deformities of the brain and spinal cord caused by incomplete development of the neural tube, the embryonic structure that forms the nervous system
86
psychotropic drugs
medications used to treat mental illnesses
87
psychotherapy
treatment of psychiatric disorders using verbal and nonverbal interaction with patients, individually or in a group, employing specific actions and techniques
88
cerebrospinal fluid
plasma-like clear fluid circulating in and around the brain and spinal cord
89
neuroleptic agents
drugs used to treat psychosis, specially schizophrenia
90
paraplegia
paralysis from the waist down

Professional Practice (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions