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ST Radiology > Exam 1 - Chest > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Chest Flashcards

0
Q

MC Malignant tumor of diaphragm

A

Fibrosarcoma

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1
Q

Most common disturbance of the diaphragm

A

Singultus (Hiccups)

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2
Q

MC benign tumor of diaphragm

A

Lipoma

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3
Q

PA Chest view w/ Expiration is best view to see…

A

Obstruction & Pneumothorax

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4
Q

Unilateral Hilum enlargement is MC due to:

A

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

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5
Q

What fissure separates the middle & upper lobes from the lower lobes?

A

Right Oblique / Major fissure

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6
Q

What fissure separates the upper & middle lobes?

A

Left Oblique / Major fissure

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7
Q

Separates the middle lobe from the upper & lower lobe

A

Right Horizontal / Minor fissure

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8
Q

Sign that determines enlargement of Left Ventricle

  • Draw line from diaphragm & inferior vena cava
  • Inferior vena cava: superior 2cm & posterior 2cm
A

Rigler Hoffman Sign

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9
Q

Unilateral elevated diaphragm is caused by:

A

Atelectasis

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10
Q

Bilateral elevated diaphragm is caused by:

A

Subpulmonic Pleural Effusion

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11
Q

Best view to see Pleural Effusion

A

Lateral Decubitus View

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12
Q

MC accessory lobe seen on x-ray

  • occurs in 1% of population
  • right lung
  • PA chest xray
A

Azygos Lobe & fissure

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13
Q

MC accessory lobe/fissure that MC occurs in the general public?

A

Inferior Accessory lobe / fissure of Right Lung

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14
Q

Normal variant of the diaphragm (unilateral or bilateral)
Etiologies:
1. Abnormal muscle development (thin membranous sheet)
2. Nerve deficiency (phrenic nerve paralysis)

A

Eventration/Scalloping

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15
Q

Partial Eventration/Scalloping is MC seen on what side?

Complete is MC seen on what side?

A

Partial MC seen on Right

Complete MC seen on Left

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16
Q

Peak-like pulling on the pleura

MC cause if viral pneumonia

A

Tenting

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17
Q

Preferred view to see Lung Apices

A

Apical Lordotic View

18
Q

Cords in between the alveoli

A

Kahn

19
Q

Cords between the alveoli to bronchi/bronchioles

A

Canals of Lambert

20
Q

Pattern of Parenchymal Lung Disease

  • Fluid in alveoli
  • Possible air bronchogram sign or silhouette sign
  • Fluffy, cloud-like, hazy
A

Air Space / Alveolar disease

21
Q

Visualization of air in the bronchus (airways) because of surrounding airspace disease

A

Air Bronchogram Sign

22
Q

Two objects of the same radiographic density touch each other so that the edge or margin b/t them is not seen.

A

Silhouette Sign

23
Q

Right heart border forms a silhouette sign with the….

A

RML

24
Q

Left heart border forms a silhouette sign with the…

A

Lingulas of the LUL

25
Q

Diaphragm forms a silhouette sign with the…

A

Lower Lobes (costophrenic angles)

26
Q

Ascending Aorta forms a silhouette sign with the…

A

Anterior Segment of the RUL

27
Q

Aortic Arch forms a silhouette sign with the …

A

Apical segment of LUL

28
Q

3 Patterns of Interstitial Disease:

  • Network of lines
  • Nodules & Circles
  • Netty w/spots
A
  1. Reticular - network of lines
  2. Nodular - nodules & circles
  3. Reticulonodular - netty w/spots
29
Q

Fibrous dysplasia of the chest
“Great imitator of lung disease”
Type of reticulonodular disease

A

Sarcoidosis

30
Q

Loss of air volume in all or part of a lung; usually due to complete main stem bronchus obstruction
Lobes collapse in a fan-like configuration w/base anchored @ pleural surface

A

Atelactasis

31
Q

XRay of Atelectasis: heart & mediastinal structures shift _____ the affected side

A

Toward

32
Q

Direct Atelectasis causes

A
  1. Displacement of fissures

2. Increased density

33
Q

Indirect causes of Atelectasis

A
  1. Shift of structures
  2. Over-inflation of unaffected lobes/lung
  3. Increased retrosternal clear space
  4. Depression of hemidiaphragm
34
Q

Type of atelectasis:

  • Most likely due to deactivation of surfactant - collapse of airspaces in a nonsegmental or nonlobar pattern
  • Pts have splinting pain = incomplete inhalation
A

Subsegmental/Discoid/Platelike

35
Q

MC type of atelectasis

A

Obstructive

36
Q

RUL Atelectasis has what sign

A

“S Sign of Golden”

37
Q

Massive Pleural Effusion XRay: pushes heart and mediastinal structures _____ from side of involvement.

A

Away

38
Q

Increased rate of fluid formation

Example: CHF, pneumonia

A

Pleural Effusion

39
Q

Common cause of bilateral elevated diaphragm

Mimics elevated hemidiaphragm

A

Subpulmonic Effusion

40
Q

Blunting of Costophrenic Angles DDx

A

Pleural Effusion
Tumor
Fibrosis

41
Q

What sign is strongly suggestive of pleural effusion?

On the lateral view, it is usually high on both the anterior & posterior aspects (U-shape)

A

Meniscus Sign

42
Q

Sharply marginated collections of pleural fluid b/t the layers of a fissure or in a subpleural location just beneath the fissure.
MC: CHF

A

Vanishing/Pseudo Tumors

ST Radiology (3 decks)

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