Exam 1 - Feline Anesthesia

Question 1

What is the dosage for ketamine?

Answer 1

5mg/kg

Question 2

What type of drug is ketamine?

Answer 2

NMDA antagonist, sympathomimetic

Question 3

Does ketamine provide any analgesic effect?

Answer 3

yes - some anelgesia

Question 4

What is the rate of onset and duration of ketamine?

Answer 4

rapid onset

1-3 hour duration

Question 5

What are some side effects of ketamine?

Answer 5

respiratory depression/apnea possible

Question 6

What is the dosage for dexmedetomidine?

Answer 6

0.005 - 0.01 mg/kg IM

Question 7

What type of drug is dexmedetomidine?

Answer 7

Alpha-2 agonist

Question 8

What effects does dexmedetomidine have?

Answer 8

sedative, increased BP, reflex bradycardia, and some analgesia

Question 9

What is the rate of onset and duration of dexmedetomidine?

Answer 9

rapid onset

1-2 hour duration

Question 10

What side effects does dexmedetomidine have?

Answer 10

cardio/respiratory depression possible

Question 11

What is the dosage of buprenorphine?

Answer 11

0.02 mg/kg IM

Question 12

What type of drug is buprenorphine?

Answer 12

partial mu agonist

Question 13

What effects does buprenorphine have?

Answer 13

mild sedation and good anelgesia

Question 14

What is the onset and duration of buprenorphine?

Answer 14

slow onset (30-60 minutes)
4-12 hour duration

Question 15

What side effects does buprenorphine have?

Answer 15

dysphoria/hyperthermia possible

Question 16

What is the dosage of propofol?

Answer 16

3 mg/kg IV

Question 17

What type of drug is propofol?

Answer 17

isopropylphenol compound, GABA agonist, and NMDA antagonist

Question 18

Does propofol have any analgesic effect?

Answer 18

no

Question 19

What is the onset and duration of propofol?

Answer 19

rapid onset

5-10 minute duration

Question 20

What side effects does propofol have?

Answer 20

vasodilation, decreased contactility, and apnea possible

Question 21

What is the dosage of bupivacaine?

Answer 21

1.5 mg/kg SC line block

Question 22

What type of drug is bupivacaine?

Answer 22

sodium channel blocker

Question 23

Does bupivacaine have any analgesia?

Answer 23

yes, excellent analgesia

Question 24

What is the rate of onset and duration of bupivacaine?

Answer 24

moderate onset

3-4 hour duration

Question 25

What are the side effects of bupivacaine?

Answer 25

vasodilation and sedation with systemic administration neuro signs at high doses DO NOT GIVE IV

Question 26

What is the dosage for meloxicam?

Answer 26

0.05 mg/kg PO

Question 27

What type of drug is meloxicam?

Answer 27

NSAID, Cox-2 selective inhibitor

Question 28

How does meloxicam reach analgesic affects?

Answer 28

analgesia via decreased inflammation

Question 29

What is the rate of onset and duration of Meloxicam?

Answer 29

30-60 minute onset | duration 12-24 hours

Question 30

What side effects does Meloxicam cause?

Answer 30

GI upset/ulceration, renal toxicity possible

Question 31

What is the dosage for maropitant?

Answer 31

2 mg/kg PO

Question 32

What type of drug is maropitant?

Answer 32

antiemetic, NK-1 antagonist inhibiting substance p

Question 33

What is the rate of onset and duration of maropitant?

Answer 33

Onset in 30-60 minutes | duration is 24 hours

Question 34

What side effects are associated with maropitant?

Answer 34

hypersalivation, diarrhea, and anorexia possible

Question 35

With premedications, when will your patient usually reach a plane of general anesthesia?

Answer 35

in 3-10 minutes

Question 36

What must you do to the arytenoids in cats prior to intubation?

Answer 36

desensitize them with topical lidocaine and then wait 1 minute for the drug to work

Question 37

What will trauma to the trachea during intubation lead to?

Answer 37

spasm

Question 38

Once your cat has been intubated, what are the next steps?

Answer 38

Hook up your patient to circuit (non-rebreathing) and administer oxygen Secure the tube, check the inflate cuff and have the pulse-ox attached

Question 39

When does the anesthesia sheet begin?

Answer 39

When the patient has been intubated

Question 40

If your patient is not fully anesthetized post-premedication, what should you do?

Answer 40

place an IV catheter to administer propofol (use 1/3 of the dose) and then intubate

Question 41

What is the preferred IV catheter size in cats?

Answer 41

22 gauge

Question 42

What is the preferred vein for catheterization? If that doesn't work, what is the next step?

Answer 42

Cephalic vein is preferred, medial saphenous is the next best

Question 43

What is the limit of attempts of catheterization per leg?

Answer 43

2

Question 44

What is the inhalant of choice for anesthesia?

Answer 44

isoflurane

Question 45

What is the rate of onset for Isoflurane?

Answer 45

rapid onset and decline

Question 46

What is the primary concern for Isoflurane?

Answer 46

Vasodilation - more gas = lower BP

Question 47

What is the MAC in the cat and is it relevant?

Answer 47

MAC is 1.3%, not very relevant with heavy premed on board

Question 48

Typically, what is the % iso required during surgery?

Answer 48

0.5-1.5% with 2-3% in brief periods if the patient is light

Question 49

What should you do if there is excessive movement during surgery?

Answer 49

inject 1-2 mg/kg of propofol IV

Question 50

What instruments are used for monitoring patients during surgery?

Answer 50

Doppler, esophageal stethoscope, ECG, pulse-ox, and temperature probe

Question 51

What does the doppler measure?

Answer 51

systolic blood pressure

Question 52

What are the different components/equipment of the doppler?

Answer 52

Cuff and sphygmomanometer, probe with piezoelectric crystals and sound amplifier, and ultrasound gel

Question 53

What complications can happen during surgery?

Answer 53

laryngospasm, hypotension, hypothermia, bradycardia, hypersalivation, hypo/hyperventilation, aspiration, and violent recovery