Exam 1 Infectious disease

Question 1

conditions needed to be infected

Answer 1

pathogen is present

there is enough of pathogen to cause disease

the pathogen passes through the correct entry site

a person is susceptible to pathogen

Question 2

signs of infection

Answer 2

rash
joint swelling
fever
enlarged lymph nodes
altered mental state
inflammation
tachypnea
hypotension

Question 3

upper respiratory signs

Answer 3

tachypnea, cough, dyspnea, sore throat, nasal drainage, sputum, oxoygen desaturation, decreased excercise tolerance

Question 4

integ signs

Answer 4

purulent drainage, rash, redstreaks, bleeding from gums or into joints, joint effusion

Question 5

cardiovascular signs

Answer 5

capillaries bursting, tachycardia, hypotension, change in heart rate

Question 6

CNS signs

Answer 6

altered conscioousnes, confusion, headahce, memory loss, stiff neck

Question 7

GI signs

Answer 7

nausea, vomitiing , diarrhea

Question 8

GU tract signs

Answer 8

trouble urinating (dysurnia), flank pain, bloody urine ( hematuria), oliguria, urgency/frequency

Question 9

viruses

Answer 9

subcellular made of RNA or DNA

dependent on host cells for replication

cannot be destroyed by pharmacologic means

Question 10

Hep A

Answer 10

chronic liver disease

asymomtamatic

vaccine available

fecal-oral transmission

can survive for up to 4 hours on unwashed hands

Question 11

Hep B

Answer 11

severe or fatal liver infection

flu like symptoms, jaundice

6 mo incubation period

greatest blood borne risk to healthcare workers

BSI and vaccine available

Question 12

hep c

Answer 12

most common blood borne infection

also a liver disease
no vaccine
no treatment after exposure to prevent infection

Question 13

Bacteria

Answer 13

single cell organisms with well defined walls

can grow independtly on artificial media

Question 14

noscomial infection (bacterial)

Answer 14

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 15

mycoplasmas

Answer 15

self replicating bacteria with no cell wall

responsible for walking pneuomonia

strict dependence on host for nutrition

Question 16

Rickettsiae

Answer 16

from animals

Question 17

chlamydiae

Answer 17

have DNA and RNA

Question 18

protozoa

Answer 18

group of cells (round worms )

Question 19

Fungi- mycoses

Answer 19

unicellular organism

Question 20

prions

Answer 20

mad cow disease

which can be transmitted from animals to people

Question 21

herpes

Answer 21

herpes virus
HSV
VZV - chicken pox

Question 22

Links of infection

Answer 22

agent>reservoir>portal of exit>mode of transmission>portal of entry > new host> agent

Question 23

First line of defense

Answer 23

external things like skin, reflexes, salvia, tears

Question 24

second line of defense

Answer 24

inflammatory

Question 25

third line of defense

Answer 25

immunology

Question 26

vectorborne

Answer 26

from bugs

Question 27

what makes things airborne

Answer 27

viral load

Question 28

vehicle transmission

Answer 28

in food

Question 29

Contact diseases

Answer 29

MRSA RSV VRE staphyloccus aureus

Question 30

TB

Answer 30

airborne 2-10 week incubation annual ppd droplet transmission early stages are asymptomatic

Question 31

precautions for prevention

Answer 31

personal hygeine hand wash avoid jewelry no nails longer than .25 an in protect form direct contact PPE clean and disinfect