Flashcards in Exam 1 Koh- Cornea Biochem 1 Deck (80)
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61
Where are GAGs located?
Primarily on the surface of cells or in the ECM
62
What are the functions of GAGs?
High viscosity, low compressibility, rigidity provides structural integrity to cells (migration), negatively charged (hydration)
63
Because of their large number of negative charges, these heteropolysaccharide chains tend to be _____ in solution
Extended
64
What is the most abundant GAG in the body?
Chondroitin and 4 and 6 sulfates
65
Where is chondroitin and 4 and 6 sulfates found?
Cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and aorta
66
What do chondroitin and 4 and 6 sulfates form?
Proteoglycan aggregates often aggregating noncovalently with hyaluronic acid
67
What does chondriotin and 4 and 6 sulfates do in cartilage?
Bind collagen and hold fibers in a tight, strong network
68
What are the most heterogenous gylcosaminoglycans?
Keratan sulfates I and II
69
Where is keratan sulfate II found?
In loose CT proteoglycan aggregates with chondroitan sulfate
70
Where is Keratan sulfate I found?
In cornea
71
What is the only GAG not limited to animal tissue but also found in bacteria?
Hyaluronic acid
72
What is hyaluronic acid serve as?
Lubricant and shock absorber
73
Where is hyaluronic acid found?
Synovial fluid of joints, vitreous humor of the eye, the umbilical cord, loose CT and cartilage
74
Where is dermatan sulfate found?
Skin, blood vessels, and heart valves
75
Alpha linkage joins what?
Sugars
76
Unlike other GAGs that are ________ compounds, heparin is an ________ component of mast cells that line arteries especially in the liver, lungs and skin
Extracellular, Intracellular
77
What serves as an anticoagulant?
Heparin
78
Where are glycosaminoglycans degraded?
Lysosomes
79
What are the second most abundant corneal constituents?
Proteoglycans
80
