Exam 1 MC Flashcards
(50 cards)
a chain of cocci shaped bacteria is best described as
streptococcus
a method of differentiating bacterial species into two large groups based on cell wall
gram stain
A newly discovered bacteria is isolated from a mixed sample. A researcher uses a Gram-stain to begin the classification process and the results are positive. What can the researcher conclude about the bacteria?
The cell wall is composed of thick layers of peptidoglycan
A polymer of glycan and peptides found in bacterial cell walls.
peptidoglycan
A primary function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells
to contain the cells hereditary material
A prominent difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the
presence of a nucleus in eukaryotes
An autotrophic bacteria contains carboxysomes that provide them with the means to undergo carbon dioxide fixation. The general function of these carboxysomes is to
provide RuBisCo which functions in the Calvin cycle
An organism in a partnership with another such that each profits from their being together.
symbiote
Endospore formation is considered to be a survival advantage for prokaryotes capable of production. However, why can endospore formation be considered a disadvantage in regards to human disease?
The resistance to harsh conditions makes it difficult to destroy if they are pathogenic.
Gram-negative bacteria are characterized by the presence of a gram-negative envelope. Which of the following are components of this envelope?
The plasma membrane and the outer membrane, peptidoglycan layer and periplasm.
Gram-negative bacteria have _____ in their lipid bilayer, but this component is not found in the lipid bilayer of Gram-positive bacteria.
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by the presence of:
thick layer of peptidoglycan
In general, the term ________________ is used to describe disease causing agents.
pathogen
In mitochondria, the process of using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide as a waste product is due to what cellular reaction?
cellular respiration
In which environmental conditions do microbes survive?
all of these
Microbiology is a relatively recent scientific endeavor; what instrument was critical for the first studies of microbes
microscope
Select all of the following microorganisms that would contain a nucleus:
algae, fungi, protozoa, helminths
Spontaneous generation was a theory defined by
Aristotle
The field of science that studies fungi is called
Mycology
The genetic alteration of bacteria to make an enzyme that treats a human disease is an example of which type of applied microbiology
microbial biotechnology
The interconnectedness of plants, animals, and microbes with each other and their environment.
ecosystem
The major component of the bacterial cell, which is responsible for a positive gram stain, is _____.
peptidoglycan
The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria contains _______ which can contribute to symptoms such as fever, hemorrhaging, and septic shock.
lipopolysaccharide
The study of organisms that require the use of a microscope is called
microbiology
