Exam 3 MC

Question 1

“mad cow disease” is the result of infection of cattle with what type of agent

Answer 1

prion

Question 2

a completely clear zone surrounding a colony of Streptococcus spp. grown on blood agar, representing complete lysis of the red blood cells represents ____

Answer 2

alpha hemolysis

Question 3

a patient presents with blurred, trouble swallowing, general fatigue, and constipation. which pathogen is causing these symptoms

Answer 3

Clostridium botulinum

Question 4

a prophage is an early stage in the

Answer 4

lysogenic cycle

Question 5

Because some organisms, like Staphylococcus aureus produce _____, contaminated food can still cause illness, even though all of the actual bacteria may have been killed during the cooking process.

Answer 5

enterotoxins

Question 6

examples of cytopathic effects of viruses are

Answer 6

• inclusion bodies
• giant cells
• multiple nuclei

Question 7

examples of mechanisms pathogens use to avoid phagocytosis include ____

Answer 7

capsules

Question 8

giardia is a(n) ___ that invades the ___.

Answer 8

flagellate; intestines

Question 9

in general, fungi derive nutrients through

Answer 9

decomposing and digesting organic substances

Question 10

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

Answer 10

transmitted by the Tsetse fly

Question 11

Leishmania

Answer 11

transmitted by blood-feeding sand flies

Question 12

Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 12

transmitted by kissing bug

Question 13

E. coli

Answer 13

Mannose (a type of sugar) sensitive and resistant pili add in attachment, and therefore colonization

Question 14

Shigella

Answer 14

more often diagnosed in the summer

Question 15

Salmonella

Answer 15

typhoid

Question 16

Vibrio

Answer 16

“rice-water stools”

Question 17

Mycoplasma have ____, while Mycobacteria are ___

Answer 17

no cell wall; acid-fast

Question 18

pregnant women are advised to avoid sliced deli meat and soft cheese. this is due to several outbreaks in multiple states of ___ which resulted in deaths and miscarriages

Answer 18

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 19

protozoa are characterized by the ability to form a ___ in order to protect itself in adverse conditions

Answer 19

cyst

Question 20

select all of the following that are caused by spirochetes

Answer 20

syphilis

lyme disease

Question 21

select of all of the following that are dermatophytes

Answer 21

trichophyton
microsporum
epidermophyton floccosum

Question 22

the capsid is composed of protein subunits called

Answer 22

capsomers

Question 23

the limitations in cell and tissue type of a particular host species is know as what

Answer 23

tropism

Question 24

the nucleic acid of a virus is

Answer 24

either dna or rna

Question 25

viruses are not included in the tree of life because they are ___

Answer 25

acellular

Question 26

viruses containing +ssRNA are called

Answer 26

retroviruses

Question 27

viruses that persist in the cell and cause recurrent disease are considered

Answer 27

latent

Question 28

what is the definition of the eclipse phase

Answer 28

when the virion enters the host cell

Question 29

where do aspergillus infections usually occur

Answer 29

lungs

Question 30

which of the following fungi is most likely to be found within reticuloendothelial cells?

Answer 30

histoplasma

Question 31

which of the following regarding Candida albicans is incorrect

Answer 31

Candida albicans is transmitted primarily by respiratory aerosol

Question 32

you find a bacteria that is gram positive, forms endospores, and grows in the presence of oxygen. the best classification for this bacteria would be a member of the genus ____

Answer 32

Bacillus

Question 33

____ different genera of microorganisms live on healthy human skin

Answer 33

205

Question 34

amebic dysentary is caused by

Answer 34

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 35

which of the following is not a property of a virus

Answer 35

an infectious cellular pathogen

Question 36

the protein subunits that surround the nucleic acid of a virus are known as which of the following

Answer 36

capsomeres

Question 37

the Baltimore Classification system describes viruses according to which characteristic

Answer 37

the viral genome

Question 38

which of the following properly lists in order the steps of viral replication

Answer 38

attachment - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - lysis

Question 39

which mechanism of horizontal gene transfer relies on the use of viruses

Answer 39

transduction

Question 40

which of the following cannot be classified as either gram positive or gram negative on the basis of the gram staining protocol

Answer 40

mycoplasma

Question 41

Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, in an example of which group of organisms

Answer 41

spirochetes

Question 42

clostridium

Answer 42

gram-positive rods

Question 43

enterococcus

Answer 43

pairs of cocci

Question 44

mycoplasma

Answer 44

relatively small, pleomorphic

Question 45

streptococcus

Answer 45

chains of cocci

Question 46

protozoa are best described as being

Answer 46

photosynthetic, unicellular microorganisms

Question 47

which organism is best known as the "brain-eating amoeba?"

Answer 47

Naegleria fowleri

Question 48

african sleeping sickness is caused by which pathogens

Answer 48

Trypanosoma bruceii

Question 49

the cell walls of fungi are largely composed of which of the following

Answer 49

chitin

Question 50

which of the following includes fungi used as foods (such as truffles), bread molds, and pathogenic fungi such as Trichophyton

Answer 50

Ascomycota

Question 51

Which fungus is common in the microbiome of a healthly individual

Answer 51

Aspergillus

Question 52

Which of the following is an enzyme found in retroviruses

Answer 52

reverse transcriptase

Question 53

which of the following viruses does not cause latent infection

Answer 53

adenovirus

Question 54

chicken pox can reemerge as which disease

Answer 54

shingles

Question 55

an acellular entity composed of a small circular RNA molecule without a capsid and capability of replicating its genome is known as which of the following

Answer 55

viroid