Exam 1 must knows Flashcards
(34 cards)
dimensions of attached gingiva
MX facial
* widest- incisor region 3.5-4.5
8 narrow- premolars 1.9
MD lingual
- widest- molar
- narrow- incisor
MD facial
- widest- incisor 3.3-3.9
- narrow- cuspids and MD premolar
Junction between tooth, epithelium, and connective tissue. List order
tooth> lamina densa> internal basal lamina > lamina lucida> junctional epithelium> external basal lamina> connective tissue
Biological width: connective tissue attachment and junctional epithelium
Always 2 mm
most numerous fiber and constitute the main support of the tooth?
Oblique fibers of the PDL
Cellular cementum
o Forms after the tooth reaches the occlusal plane
o Arranged either parallel to the root surface or randomly
o Less calcified and fewer Sharpey’s fibers; contains lacunae
Composition of the cementum
Inorganic -Hydroxyapatite:40-50% --Less than that of enamel (97%), dentin (70%) or bone (65%) Organic -CHO (carbohydrate and protein
Most common relationship of the CEJ
Cementum overlapping enamel (60-65% of cases)
o Edge to edge is 30%
o Failure to meet is 5-10%
Alveolar Bone
o Formed by intramembranous ossification o 65-70% hydroxyapatite o osteocytes(in lacunae), osteoblasts (form), osteoclasts (resorb) o least stable of all periodontal tissues
order of most to least hydroxyapatite composition
enamel (97%)
dentin (70%)
bone (65%)
cementum (40%)
Mesial Drift
toward midline
o Bone resorption on mesial (pressure)
o Bone formation on distal (tension)
o Cementum is thicker on distal than mesial
arterial supply to the teeth
Inferior alveolar
> dental artery
> interseptal artery
> interdental artery through lamina dura
V-shaped bone defect is?
Dehiscence
** Fenestration is a ‘window’ with tooth covered by gingiva and periosteum
Nerve supply to periodontium via ?
trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
Lymphatic system of perodontium
From palatal gingival of maxilla to submandibular nodes
Age changes in the periodontium
o Decreased keratinization of gingiva o Decreases connective tissue cellularity o Thinning of the epithelium o Increased intercellular substance o Decreased rate of collagen synthesis o Cementum thickens apically o CT coarser and denser o PDL decreases, narrows o Increase bone resorption
Abrasion vs Erosion vs Attrition
- Abrasion: wearing away by a force other than mastication (brushing)
- Erosion: loss of tooth structure by chemical process (bulimia, GI acid)
- Attrition: wearing away by mastication, loss of vertical dimension
T/F: Periodontitis becomes more prevalent with increasing age
true
bone loss associated with?
periodontal disease
Stage IV periodontitis
advanced lesion
o Extension of lesion into PDL and alveolar bone
o Plasma cells (not PMNs)
The earliest signs of gingivitis occur in the
interdental papillae
NUG aka necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
o “PIG”: pain, interdental cratering, gingival bleeding
o Has pseudo membrane
o Very indicative feature of NUG is punched out lesions
Acute Leukemia: associated with
bleeding gums
C1 vs C2
CALCULUS o Supragingival (C1) calculus: salivary source of mineral lesions o Sub (C2) calculus: serumal source of mineral ions, dark color
Primary etiology of periodontitis?
o PLAQUE
o Calculus —may be present, but not always
o Pellicle
o All of the above
