Final must knows

Question 1

furcation entrances

Answer 1

o Mandibular teeth: midbuccal and midlingual
o Maxillary teeth: from palatal for mesial root; from buccal or palatal for
distal root

Question 2

furcation Relationship to CEJ

Answer 2

o 3,4,5 (M,B,D) maxillary molars

o 3,4 (B,L) mandibular molars

Question 3

PMN defects in periodontitis as a manifestation of

Answer 3

systemic diseases, aggressive periodontitis

Question 4

most common form of periodontitis?

Answer 4

Chronic periodontitis

Question 5

Chronic periodontitis local vs generalized

Answer 5

o Localized: less than 30% of sites involved

o Generalized: more than 30% of sites involved

Question 6

Know stages in chronic periodontal disease:

Answer 6

o Gingivitis: bleeding on probing
o Mild periodontitis: probing depth 3­4mm, less than 20% bone loss, no
tooth mobility
o Moderate periodontitis: 4­6mm pocket, 20­40% bone loss, slight tooth
mobility
o Advanced Periodontitis: greater than 6 mm pocket depth, greater than 40%
loss of bone support, advanced tooth mobility

Question 7

Histologic events of traumatic occlusion

Answer 7

magnitude, direction, duration, frequency, and host’s adaptive capacity

Question 8

Hypofunction

Answer 8

o Decreased bone trabeculation

o PDL narrows

Question 9

Primary occlusal trauma:

Answer 9

injury from excessive forces applied to a tooth with

adequate bone support (pg5 of separate packet)

Question 10

Secondary occlusal trauma:

Answer 10

injury from normal forces applied to a tooth with

diminished bone support (pg 5 of separate packet)

Question 11

Occlusal traumatism doesn’t cause?

Answer 11

gingivitis or periodontitis

Question 12

Treatment of occlusal forces

Answer 12

o Primary occlusal traumatism: occlusal adjustment or night guard therapy
o Secondary occlusal traumatism: splinting

Question 13

Dilantin

Answer 13

not dosage dependent or duration dependent

Question 14

Treatment of dilantin induced hyperplasia

Answer 14

Excellent oral hygiene, drug substitution, surgery, positive pressure
appliance
o May recur after surgery if drug is not substituted

Question 15

Combined enlargement

Answer 15

o Primary: medication (gingival enlargement)

o Secondary: local factore: plaque, calculus, restoration (inflammation)

Question 16

Oral manifestations of HIV

Answer 16

Kaposi’s sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, candidiasis, NUG, Herpes

Question 17

what bacteria is dominate in NUG?

Answer 17

Spirochetes

Question 18

Predisposing factors for NUG

Answer 18

smoking, emotional stress, preexisting gingivitis

–may lead to nutritional deficiencies

Question 19

4 zones of bacterial infiltration?

Answer 19

Superficial to deep: Bacterial, neutrophil­rich zone, necrotic, spirochetal

Question 20

NUG occurs around age?

Answer 20

20­30, with no definite duration

Question 21

Acute Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

Answer 21

o HSV1, before age 6
o Vesicles/ulcers
o Diffuse erythematous shiny involvement of gingival and oral cavity
o Lasts 7­10 days
o Lymphadenopathy, fever and malaise

Question 22

Vitamin C

Answer 22

no relation between prevalence of periodontal disease and levels of
Vitamin C (does affet collagen)

Question 23

Desquamative gingivitis

Answer 23

o Lichen planus, benign mucous memebrane pemphigoid, pemphigus, erythema multiforme, lupus erythematosus, drugs
o Not pregnancy

Question 24

Lichen planus

Answer 24

o Middle age and older females
o Saw toothed rete pegs
o Autoimmune (as is Pemphigoid, pemphigus, and lupus, but NOT erythema multiforme)
o Waxes and wanes
o No ocular lesions (there are in pemphigoid)

Question 25

List autoimmune

Answer 25

Lichen planus, Pemphigoid, pemphigus, and lupus, but NOT erythema multiforme

Question 26

T or F... Pemphigoid has ocular lesions?

Answer 26

True! | (Lichen planus does NOT)

Question 27

Chronic marginal gingivitis dominating bacterial species?

Answer 27

actinomyces and streptococci **different for each stage. In the initial stage it’s gram (+) facultative anaerobes like streptococci, and early lesion it’s actinomyces and obligabe anaerobic gram (­) bactria and in the established lesion black­pigmented anaerobes and spirochetes predominate

Question 28

Aggressive periodontitis dominating bacterial species?

Answer 28

gram negative facultative anaerobic bacilli: Actinobacillis actinomycetemcomitans

Question 29

Chronic periodontitis dominating bacterial species?

Answer 29

obligate anaerobe gram negative bacilli (I think | porphorymonas gingivalis, but don’t hold me to that!)

Question 30

Attached plaque

Answer 30

bacteria bind directly to tooth and to one another | coaggregation

Question 31

Unattached plaque responsible for?

Answer 31

for destruction

Question 32

dominant bacteria in juvenile diabetics?

Answer 32

Capnocytophaga

Question 33

Fusospirochetal complex found in?

Answer 33

NUG | Fusobacterium nucleatum and spirochetes such as Treponema

Question 34

NUG

Answer 34

o Fusospirochetal complex (Fusobacterium nucleatum and spirochetes such as Treponema) o Microorganisms are seen invading the host tissue (as opposed to the extracellular microbial products invading the host tissue in gingivitis, aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis)

Question 35

LPS bacteria?

Answer 35

G- bacteria

Question 36

leukotoxin bacteria?

Answer 36

A. actinomycetemcomitans

Question 37

Know Sokransky’s modifications (pg 151)

Answer 37

o Large numbers of the bacteria are associated​ with the disease state and absence or reduced numbers associated with health o Elimination ​or suppression of the organism reverses or reduces the disease o Elevated host responses​ are associated with the disease o Animal pathogenicity​ similar to periodontal disease occurs upon implantation of the organism(s) into germ­free animals o The bacteria possess potentially pathogenic mediators​ that could contribute to the desease process o These ones that are potential periopathic should have a history of causing infectious disease in man

Question 38

stage 1 injury of traumatic occlusion PRESSURE side

Answer 38

▪ Increased number of blood vessels and reduced size | ▪ Hyalinization, injury to fibroblasts, inflammatory infiltrate

Question 39

stage 1 injury of traumatic occlusion TENSION side

Answer 39

▪ BVs enlarge, osteoblastic activity | ▪ PDL tears, Cemental tears, hemorrhage and thrombosis into PDL space, osteoclastic activity

Question 40

what are the 3 generic stages of traumatic occlusion?

Answer 40

stage 1- injury stage 2- repair stage 3- adaptive

Question 41

stage 3 of traumatic injury ADAPTIVE

Answer 41

Mobility, increased vascularization, PDL fibers wider and disoriented