EXAM 1 -Neurosensory-Brain Tumors Flashcards
(30 cards)
How are primary tumors classified?
Benign, Malignant, Metastatic
Some Post-op craniotamy interventions?
- Eye care -Cold compress/irrigation
- Dressing care
- Monitor Cardiac
- Monitor labs
- I/Os (restrict to 1500 ml if pituitarty involvement)
- NPO for 24 hours
- VTE prophylaxis
Mangagement of Brain tumor?
- Radiation
- Chemo
- Stereotactic Radiosurgery
- Craniotamy
A common type of tumor that originates in brain. Make up 33% of all tumors. What kind of Tumor is this and where does it originate?
Glioma - originates in the Glial cells.
tumors located within cerebral hemispheres?
supratentorial
How should the bed be positioned for a patient after supratentorial surgery and why?
elevate HOB to 30 degrees
or as tolerated to promote venous drainage
What do acoustic neuromas tend to compress and surround?
- Brain tissue
- Cranial nerve V - trigeminal
- Cranial nerve Vll - Facial
- Cranial nerve IX - glossopharangeal
- Cranial nerve X - Vagus nerve
Classification that depends on cellular or anatomic origins of tumor? Which type is this mostly used for?
Third Classification - mostly used for Gliomas (malignant tumors)
Tissues are benign; cells look nearly like normal brain cells - Which grade is this?
Grade l
What is the secondary classification for tumors?
By location: (Example: supratentorial and Infratentorial )
What are possible signs and symptoms resulting from a infratentorial tumor?
- ataxia
- autonomic nervous system dysfunction
- vomiting
- drooling
- hearing loss
Glial cell tumors developed from connective tissue cells called astrocytes. Who can these be found in? Who can develop these?
- Astrocytoma
- Found in Cerebrum (larger part of brain), sometimes Cerebellum (smaller inner part of brain)
- Adults and Children can develop these
Pituitary tumor that occur in the anterior lobe and may cause endocrine dysfunction
Adenoma
Tissue is malignant; cells look less like normal cells- what grade is this?
Grade ll
Describe a craniotamy?
- Burr holes drilled into skull
- saw used to remove piece of skull to expose tumor area
- Bone flap replaced and held together by small screws
High grade astrocytoma that are most malignant of all brain tumors? Survival rate?
Glioblastoma Multiforme - Poor survival rate
Where do acoustic neuromas arise from? Which cranial nerve is this?
Arise from schwann cells in peripheral portion of cranial nerve Vlll - Vestibulocochlear.
What are some things you want to assess for with brain tumors?
- signs and symptoms of headaches
- Neurological deficits (E.G. visual disturbances)
- ICP
Post op complications of Craniotamy?
- increased ICP
* Cerebral edema
Tumors in area of brainstem structures and cerebellum (beneath tentorium)
infratentorial
What drugs are used to manage Brain tumors/Craniotmay?
- Analgesics - Pain
- Dexamethasone - Inflammation
- Phenytoin - prevent seizures
- Ranitidine - Stress ulcer prophylaxis
What are 3 examples of glial cells in which Gliomas originate?
- Astrocytes
- Oligodendrocytes
- Ependymal cells
complications from brain tumors?
- ICP
- Cerebral edema
- Pituitary dysfunction leading to F&E imbalance
- Neurologic deficits
- Hydrocephalus (csf flow obstruction)
Tissue is malignant and Cells look very different from normal cells - what grade is this?
Grade lll
