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GI 2 Exam 1 > Exam 1 Path: GI Path (morphology, tables, key concepts) > Flashcards

Exam 1 Path: GI Path (morphology, tables, key concepts) Flashcards

1
Q

Eosinophilic intranuclear viral inclusions

Fusion of affected cells to form giant cells (multinucleate polykaryons)

Diagnostic Tzank test

A

HSV infection

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2
Q

Pseudohyphae

Budding yeast

Pt is immunocompromised, DM, on abx, oral steroids

A

Candida infection

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3
Q

Raspberry tongue (firey red with prominent papillae)

Strawberry tongue (white tongue with red papillae)

A

Scarlet fever (GAS)

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4
Q

Spotty erythema of the oral cavity that precedes skin rash

Ulcerations of buccal mucosa (koplik spots)

*unvaccinated child

A

Measles

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5
Q

Pharyngitis and tonsilitis that may be exudative

Enlarged cervical LNs

Palatal petichiae

A

Mono (EBV)

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6
Q

Dry white tough fibrosupprative membrane over the tonsils/retropharynx

*unvaccinated

A

Diptheria

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7
Q

Oral candidiasis

Kaposi sacroma

Hairy leukoplakia

A

HIV

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8
Q

White, raised verrucous plaque

Hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, balloon cells

Dysplastic mucosal epithelium

A

Hairy Leukoplakia (on lateral tongue)

Leukoplakia (anywhere in mouth)

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9
Q

Red, velvety area within oral cavity

Severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ/carcinoma

May be caused by subepithelial inflammatory rxn

A

Erythroplakia

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10
Q

Head and neck cancer

E6 and E7 inhibit Rb and p53

p16 overexpression

white, non-smoking male

A

HPV OPSCC

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11
Q

Head and neck cancer

Tobacco carcinogen induced DNA damage

Mutations possible in *tp53, CDKN2A, PIK3CA, NOTCH1, FAT1, Cyclin D1, tp63

A

Classic OPSCC

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12
Q

Salivary gland tumor

Benign

well demarcated mass with epithelial and mesenchymal elements

PLAG1 rearrangements or HMGA2 mutations

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

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13
Q

Salivary gland tumor

Benign

Almost exclusively in parotid gland

Smokers

Epithelial and Lymphoid elements

A

Warthin tumor

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14
Q

Salivary gland tumor

Malignant

Mostly in parotid gland

Cords and sheets of squamous and mucus cells

t(11:19) creates fusion gene MECT1-MAML2

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

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15
Q

Salivary gland tumor

Malignant

Half occur in minor salivary glands

Grow along nerves so painful

MYB-NFIB gene rearrangements

Half spread to brain/bone/liver

Swiss cheese on histo

A

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

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16
Q

Most common congenital GI intestinal atresia

A

imperforate anus

17
Q

TE fistulas occur during what weeks of embryo development

A

4-5

18
Q

Congenital Functional obstruction of the colon

NCC migration failure

Rectum always involved

Obstruction proximal to aganglionic segment

A

Hirschprung

19
Q

Hypertrophic gastropathy

cerebreform rugae

hypoproteinemia, weight loss, diarrhea

lots of mucus cells

some lymphocytic infiltrate

no risk factors

association with adenocarcinoma

A

Menetrier Dz

excess TNF-a leads to hyperplasia

20
Q

Hypertrophic gastropathy

cerebreform rugae

peptic ulcers

lots of parietal cells

neutrophilic infiltrate

association with multiple endocrine neoplasia

no association with adenocarcinoma

A

Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

gastrinoma leads to parietal cell proliferation and increased acid

21
Q

Gastric cancer

CD1H mutation (loss of E cadherin)

Litnus plastica

A

diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma

22
Q

Gastric cancer

Loss of fx mutation in APC or gain of function in B-catenin

Most common in lesser curvature

Desmoplastic reaction makes tumor nodular

associated w/ H Pylori chronic gastritis

A

intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma

23
Q

Gastric cancer

t(11:18) leads to NF-KB activation

Lymphoepithelial lesions

caused by H Pylor

A

MALToma

24
Q

Gastric cancer

mesenchymal tumor

arise from interstitial cells of Cajal (pacemakers)

cKIT or PDGFRA mutations

A

gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

treat with tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib

25
Q

Severe persistent diarrhea and autoimmune dz

FOXP3 mutation, defective Tregs

X-linked

A

Autoimmune enteropathy

26
Q

Inability to create lipoproteins

microsomal triglyceride transfer protein mutation (MTP)

AR

A

abetalipoproteinemia

GI 2 Exam 1 (7 decks)

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