Exam 1 Questions

Question 1

Which of the following hallucinogens listed below is the most potent and popular hallucinogen?

Answer 1

D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)

Question 2

Which of the following preliminary tests listed below gives a positive purple color for the presence of barbiturates?

Answer 2

The Dillie-Koppanyi test gives a positive purple color for the presence of barbiturates

Question 3

Which of the benzodiazepines listed below was the first benzodiazepine to be introduced in 1960?

Answer 3

Chlordiazepoxide was the first benzodiazepine and was introduced in 1960

Question 4

Which of the following drugs listed below is not included in the class of Amphetamines/Sympathomimetic Amines (SMAs)?

a. Diphenhydramine
b. Methamphetamine
c. 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA)
d. Amphetamine
e. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)

Answer 4

a. Diphenhydramine is not an Amphetamine

Question 5

D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) is administered by smoking the drug with a pipe.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

Answer 5

False

LSD is ingested using blotter paper or microdots.

Question 6

Discuss how a Drug Chemist can determine if a drug is acidic, basic or neutral by looking at the pKa of the functional groups on the drug. Once the type of drug (acid, base or neutral) is determined, how can the Drug Chemist extract the drug into an organic solvent?

Answer 6

A drug chemist can determine a if a drug is acidic, basic or neutral depending on the pKa.
A high pKa would indicate basic, low would indicate acidic, and around 7 would be neutral. To extract the drug, you would put
it in same acidity level that it is. So if it is an acidic drug, you would use acid ect… The types of functional groups attached would also
help determine the level.?????????????

Question 7

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) exhibits both stimulatory and hallucinogenic effects by increasing the activity of at least three neurotransmitters; serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

Answer 7

True

Question 8

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) within the Justice Department was originally named the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs which was within the Treasury Department.

Select one:

a. True
b. False

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Which of the following groups of drugs listed below are nonbenzodiazepine drugs but exhibit effects similar to benzodiazepines?

Select one:

a. Z drugs
b. Barbiturates
c. Sympathomimetic Amines (SMAs)
d. Narcotics
e. Hallucinogens

Answer 9

Z drugs

The Z drugs which include: zaleplon, zolpidem and zopiclone/eszopiclone.

Question 10

Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant drugs include sedatives, tranquilizers or hypnotics.

Select one:

a. True
b. False

Answer 10

True
Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant drugs include sedatives, tranquilizers or hypnotics which are generally differentiated by the dose

Question 11

Which of the following drugs listed below is not a synthetic narcotic?

Select one:

a. Diacetylmorphine
b. Propoxyphene
c. Methadone
d. Tramadol
e. Meperidine

Answer 11

Diacetylmorphine

Diacetylmorphine (heroin) is a semi-synthetic drug derived from the natural drug morphine.

Question 12

Which of the following Acts listed below was the first legislation passed by Congress in 1906 to control drugs?

Answer 12

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Question 13

All drugs are naturally occurring substances, which produce specific sets of physiological or psychological effects on the human body.

Select one:

a. True
b. False

Answer 13

False
A drug is a natural or synthetic substance, which produces a specific set of physiological or psychological effects on the human body.

Question 14

MDMA has a similar chemical structure to mescaline and is an amphetamine derivative with a 3,4-methylenedioxy group attached to the benzene ring which results in hallucinogenic properties.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Which of the following drug classifications listed below is a classification based on the chemical structure?

Select one:

a. Hallucinogens
b. Benzodiazepines
c. Depressants
d. Narcotics
e. Stimulants

Answer 15

Benzodiazepines

Question 16

Which one of the following schedules listed below includes:

The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse.
The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the U.S. or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions.
Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.
Morphine, PCP, cocaine and methadone are in this schedule.

Answer 16

Schedule 2

Question 17

Sigmund Freud experimented with cocaine and he recommended the use of cocaine for curing morphine addiction.

Select one:

a. True
b. False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

The Barbiturate class of drugs is highly addictive and the withdrawal from use can be very difficult and possibly fatal for the more powerful analogs.

Select one:

a. True
b. False

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Mescaline is found in many different varieties of mushrooms, the most potent being the species mexicana.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

Answer 19

False

Psilocybin is found in many different mushrooms, the most potent being Psilocybe mexicana.

Question 20

Sinsemilla is a female, seedless marihuana plant which contains up to 50% THC.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

Answer 20

False

Sinsemilla is a female, seedless marihuana plant which contains as high as 10% THC.

Question 21

The combined weight of a drug and any cutting agents present.

Answer 21

Aggregate weights

Question 22

Preliminary tests where drugs form complexes with reagents and slowly recrystallize and the appearance, color, shape and speed of crystallization are characteristic of particular drugs.

Answer 22

Microcrystaline tests

Question 23

What are the microscopic bear-claw like hairs that are present on one side of the marihuana leaf called?

Answer 23

Cystolithic hairs

Question 24

A drug that was first synthesized and marketed as a new class of IV surgical anesthetic which caused bizarre side effects, such as a feeling of no pain sensations, super human strength, rage, loss of memory and paranoia, in addition to hallucinations.

Answer 24

Phencyclidine (PCP)

Question 25

Drugs which work primarily through sedation and slowing down the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in less energy, drowsiness, slowed breathing, increased reaction time, euphoria and lethargy.

Answer 25

Depressants

Question 26

Drug obtained from the upper crown of the peyote cactus with similar chemical structure to amphetamine, except due to substitutions on the benzene ring, the drug has strong hallucinogenic properties that last for hours but no stimulant properties.

Answer 26

Mescaline

Question 27

What is it called when the mild psychoactive effects of marihuana appear to be stronger as the individual gains more experience smoking?

Answer 27

Reverse Tolerance

Question 28

Substances produced to mimic the psychoactive effects of THC by binding to the same CB1 and CB2 receptors and sometimes producing stronger effects and similar side effects to marihuana. These substances do not react to THC drug tests.

Answer 28

Synthetic Marihuana

Question 29

In the Control Substance Schedules, it is the portion of a chemical structure that confers the activity of the substance?

Answer 29

Pharmacophore

Question 30

What are the substances called which are added to illicit drugs and have either similar physical or pharmacological properties of the main illicit drug in order to mimic the activity of the drug so that the user cannot detect the impurity?

Answer 30

Excipients

Question 31

There are four possible species of Cannabis including; sativa, indicus, gigantis and ruderalis, but only the species sativa contains the psychoactive ingredient ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Select one: True False

Answer 31

False All four possible species of Cannabis including; sativa, indicus, gigantis and ruderalis, contain the psychoactive ingredient ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Question 32

The Ruybal (Scott) preliminary color test has a positive violet color for which of the following drugs? Select one: a. A violet color is not a positive result b. Opiates c. Marihuana d. D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) e. Cocaine

Answer 32

The Ruybal (Scott) preliminary test gives a positive turquoise bottom layer for cocaine The correct answer is: A violet color is not a positive result

Question 33

The analysis of plant material must take into consideration if the weight of the plant material is wet or dry. Select one: a. True b. False

Answer 33

True | All plant material must be dry prior to being weighed

Question 34

Criminal penalties for the use, manufacturing and sale of Controlled Substances are connected to the Schedule for each drug. Select one: True False

Answer 34

True | The penalties for the use, manufacturing and sale of Controlled Substances are connected to the Schedule for the drug.

Question 35

Diacetylmorphine is a synthetic narcotic drug derived from morphine. Select one: a. True b. False

Answer 35

False | Diacetylmorphine (Heroin) is a semi-synthetic narcotic drug which is derived from the natural drug morphine.

Question 36

In 2001, what drastic action did Portugal take to fight illegal drug abuse? You must include definitions of legalization, decriminalization and defelonization in your answer.

Answer 36

Portugal used decriminalization of low level possession and personal use of illicit drugs. They instead made them as administration violations. Decriminalization is when you allow the use/ possession of illicit drug on a low scale but still have the manufacturing, and sale illegal. Legalization is when you legalize the use/manufacturing/sale, everything about the process. Defelonization is when they downgrade a felony to a misdemeanor. Along with decriminalizing illegal drug abuse, they also set up programs for people to get better, and treated drub abuse as a medical problem instead of a law enforcement problem. This method that Portugal took was very effective for them as they have a very small amount of overdoses now (almost none compared to the US). The hope for decriminalization is to lower the amount of people jailed, incarcerated and to cut costs from some of the other criminal justice areas to put more money into the medical area. It also helps decrease racist arrests, and helps the relationship between the people and the police.

Question 37

Which of the following statements listed below is the correct definition of a Controlled Substance? Select one: a. Any substance which is included in a part of the Federal Code referred to as the Controlled Substance Act b. All illegal abused drugs or prescription medications c. All illicit substances which are federally regulated by the Controlled Substances Act d. None of the choices listed e. All substances included in any one of the Drug Enforcement Administration’s (DEA) six federal schedules

Answer 37

Any substance which is included in a part of the Federal Code referred to as the Controlled Substance Act

Question 38

Which of the following categories listed below can the barbiturates be categorized into based on pharmacology? Select one: a. Efficacious, sedative, hypnotic b. Short-acting, intermediate-acting and long-acting c. Fast-acting, intermediary-acting and slow-acting d. None of the choices listed e. Strong-acting, normal-acting and weak-acting

Answer 38

The ultra short-acting anesthetics, short-acting, intermediate-acting and long-acting barbiturates.

Question 39

Marihuana has similar hallucinogenic effects and cross-tolerance to LSD and mescaline. Select one: a. True b. False

Answer 39

False | Psilocybin has similar hallucinogenic effects and cross-tolerance to LSD and mescaline.