EXAM 1 REVIEW

Question 1

T/F: Philosophy is defined as the “search for true opinion”.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

T/F: When asking a question, any response can and should be accepted.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

T/F: In seeking wisdom, we often start with “experience”.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

T/F: Questioning seeks “answers”.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T/F: Dogmatic skepticism asserts that it is impossible to know anything objectively.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F: Ontological skepticism concerns our beliefs.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

T/F: Local relativism maintains that everything is relative.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/F: Global relativism maintains that morals are relative to a particular culture.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

T/F: Tolerance requires that we accept any and all differences.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

T/F: Cultural diversity is often used as a justification for moral relativism.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F: Cognitive relativism maintains that our thinking or beliefs are relative.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T/F: “Emotivism” is a kind of ethical non-cognitivism.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What are the 3 characteristics of “experience”?

Answer 13

1. experience is highly diversified
2. experience is fundamentally social
3. experience is capable of growth and development

Question 14

What are the 3 elements of an “authentic” question?

Answer 14

1. knowledge must be partial
2. we must be aware that our knowledge is partial
3. we must have a general awareness of what the answer could be

Question 15

What is the difference between an “answer” and a “response”?

Question 16

What is the importance of questioning for philosophy?

Answer 16

“questioning” allows us to seek knowledge and therefore gain wisdom and understanding

Question 17

What is the “Principle of Non-Contradiction”?

Answer 17

states that something cannot both be and not be at the same time and in the same respect

Question 18

“It is impossible to know someone else’s experience or opinions” is an example of:

Answer 18

epistemological skepticism

Question 19

“It is impossible to know whether or not God exists” is an example of:

Answer 19

ontological skepticism

Question 20

24

Question 21

“dogmatic” skepticism

Answer 21

asserts that it is impossible to know whether or not something is true or false

Question 22

“pyrrhonian” skepticism

Question 23

“Something is ‘right’ if it is legal, not because it is objectively good” is an example of:

Answer 23

moral relativism

Question 24

“Theists believe that God exists and atheists do not, but both positions are true” is an example of:

Answer 24

epistemological relativism

Question 25

"For theists, God exists. For atheists, 'God' does not exist. Both positions are valid." is an example of:

Answer 25

ontological relativism

Question 26

"Some cultures emphasize individualism, while others prioritize community. Neither priority is better or worse than the other so morals are relative" is an example of:

Answer 26

descriptive relativism

Question 27

"It is important to be a good person, but there isn't anything universally 'good' or 'bad' and each person needs to decide what is right for them" is an example of:

Answer 27

ethical non-realism

Question 28

"In Deaf culture, tapping someone on the shoulder to get their attention is common, but in a hearing culture this might be considered rude. Those outside the Deaf community cannot judge this practice because they are not a part of that community" is an example of:

Answer 28

cultural relativism

Question 29

"I could never hurt an animal! I would feel terrible if I did!" is an example of:

Answer 29

ethical non-cognitivism

Question 30

"It's true that I can get an 'A' on this exam, because believing that helps me do well" is an example of:

Answer 30

pragmatic theory of truth

Question 31

Something is "true" if it aligns with a set of beliefs/ideas/propositions according to the:

Answer 31

coherence theory of truth

Question 32

Something is "true" if there is an agreement between an idea/thought and reality according to the:

Answer 32

correspondence theory of truth

Question 33

Something is "true" insofar as it represents a consensus or majority opinion according to the:

Answer 33

postmodern theory of truth

Question 34

"It is true that it is sunny today because the sun is shining" is an example of:

Answer 34

correspondence theory of truth

Question 35

According to the Postmodern Theory of Truth, what would make the proposition "women's rights are human rights" true or false?

Answer 35

According to the postmodern theory of truth, this proposition would be false because not all humans are women, so there is no consensus to represent that truth.