EXAM 2 REVIEW

Question 1

T/F: Plato showed how education is a kind of “conversion” in the Allegory of the Cave

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T/F: Aristotle accepted and agreed with Plato’s “Theory of the Forms”

Answer 2

False

Question 3

T/F: Aristotle was a “modern” philosopher

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T/F: Empiricism emphasizes ideas

Answer 4

False

Question 5

T/F: Rationalism emphasizes experience

Answer 5

False

Question 6

T/F: Descartes was a “moderate” skeptic

Answer 6

False

Question 7

T/F: Hume tried to model philosophy after mathematics

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/F: Hume thought that our ideas were “less vivid” copies of impressions

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T/F: Hume maintained that we could reach “certitude” about “matters of fact”

Answer 9

Fasle

Question 10

T/F: According to Hume, “Matters of Fact” tell us something about the real world

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F: Kant was an empiricist, just like Descartes

Answer 11

False

Question 12

On the divided line, the highest knowledge is when we grasp what?

Answer 12

form, intelligence

Question 13

On the divided line, the lowest knowledge is when we grasp what?

Answer 13

images, imagining

Question 14

T/F: The “Allegory of the Cave” ends when the prisoner sees the Sun.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

In terms of “Dr. Peters’ water bottle”, it is a “water bottle” because of what cause?

Answer 15

formal cause

Question 16

In terms of “Dr. Peters’ water bottle”, “holding water” is what cause?

Answer 16

final cause

Question 17

In terms of “Dr. Peters’ water bottle”, “plastic” and “rubber” are its what cause?

Answer 17

material cause

Question 18

In terms of “Dr. Peters’ water bottle”, “Camelback” is one of its what causes?

Answer 18

efficient cause

Question 19

What are the 2 terms Aristotle uses to refer to the process of us coming to know something?

Answer 19

1. potency
2. act

Question 20

potency

Answer 20

indicates that we can or have the ability to know something

Question 21

act

Answer 21

indicates that we do, in fact, know something

Question 22

What does the phrase “cogito, ergo sum” mean?

Answer 22

“I think therefore I am”

Question 23

What are Descartes’s 2 characteristics for ideas?

Answer 23

1. distinct
2. clear

Question 24

What does it mean for an idea to be “distinct”?

Answer 24

we can distinguish one idea from another

Question 25

What does it mean for an idea to be "clear"?

Answer 25

our ideas are precise and not confused

Question 26

For Descartes, coming to grasp "triangle," "dog," or "water bottle" is an example of:

Answer 26

intuition

Question 27

For Descartes, arguing that "Buster is a dog, so he is probably able to bark" is an example of:

Answer 27

deduction

Question 28

T/F: For Descartes, one eventually arrives at "certitude" through "methodic doubt"

Answer 28

True

Question 29

In what order did Descartes prove his existence? (3)

Answer 29

1. Himself as a thinking thing 2. God 3. The External World

Question 30

What 2 kinds of perceptions did Hume distinguish?

Answer 30

1. impressions 2. ideas

Question 31

Which kind of "perception" did Hume prioritize as "vivid" and "strong"?

Answer 31

impressions

Question 32

T/F: Hume advocated and defended "radical" skepticism

Answer 32

False

Question 33

How did Kant characterize his philosophical breakthrough?

Answer 33

A Copernican revolution

Question 34

T/F: For Kant, the statement "circles are round" is analytic

Answer 34

True

Question 35

T/F: For Kant, "synthetic" statements expand our knowledge

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T/F: For Kant, "5 + 7 = 12" is a priori

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T/F: For Kant, a posteriori statements are certain and universally true

Answer 37

False

Question 38

T/F: "Noumena" refer to how things really are, not just how they appear to us

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T/F: We can always and only know "phenomena"

Answer 39

True

Question 40

According to Hume, there are three ways we associate ideas; which of these did he critique?

Answer 40

cause and effect

Question 41

briefly explain his critique