Exam 1 Review Flashcards by Elise Wooten

An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how the rate at which the heart beats is affected by temperature changes is most likely to be a

B) Physiologist

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Your arms and legs are part of what portion of your body

A) appendicular region

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When the body is placed in the anatomical position, which of the following is not true?

C) The palms are facing backward

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A mechanism functioning to maintain a stable internal environment is most likely to involve

B) negative feedback

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Metabolism is defined as the

D) the chemical reactions occurring in an organism

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Homeostatic mechanisms are said to act by negative feedback because changes away from the normal state

C) stimulate changes to occur in the opposite direction

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This cavity contains the brain and spinal cord

B) cranial cavity

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Another term for organs within the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities are:

A) viscera

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All of these are requirements for life except

D) Gravity

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Which plane divides a person into anterior and posterior sections?

A) coronal

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Vesicles are formed by an action of the day

A) Cell membrane

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The movement of molecules through a membrane by filtration depends upon the presence of

C) hydrostatic pressure

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Which of the following processes involves the use of specific carrier molecules?

B) active transport

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Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the resulting cells contain

C) both identical chromosomes and identical DNA information

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The two major components of the cell membrane are

B) lipids and proteins

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The cell membrane functions to

D) all of these are correct

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Which of the following correctly describes the structural arrangement of the cell membrane?

A) a billar of phospholipid molecules in which protein molecules are embedded

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Which of the following describes a lysosome?

D) a tiny, membranous sac that contains powerful enzymes responsible for destruction of worn Cell parts

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The nucleolus of The Cell contains

A) RNA and protein

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A selectively permeable membrane is defined as one that

B) allows some substances to pass through and excludes others

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Osmosis is defined as the movement of

B) water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

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The function of the nucleus is to

A) direct the activities of the Cell

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The structure of the nucleus can be described as

C) enclosed in a nuclear envelope

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Which of the following organelles have their structure and function correctly described?

D) all of these are correct

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Pinocytosis involves _______,whereas phagocytosis involves _______.

C) a cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets; a cell membrane engulfing solid particles

Which of the following is not one of the four basic types of body tissues?

C) brain tissue

A basement membrane occurs between

B) epithelial and connective tissue

Epithelial tissues function in

D) all of these are correct

The tissue through which gases are exchanged between the blood and the air in the lungs is

B) simple squamous epithelium

The tissue that forms the inner lining of the respiratory passages is

D) all of these are correct

Tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of

B) fibrous connective tissue

Cartilage tissues are likely to be slow in healing following an injury because

B) they lack direct blood supplies

Bone cells are arranged in concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called

A) osteons | B) osteonic canals

Which of the following are cellular fragments?

C) blood platelets

The muscle tissue that can be consciously controlled is

B) skeletal

Cardiac muscle is found in the wall of the

D) none of these are correct

Smooth muscle is found in the wall of

C) the stomach and intestine

The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and many of the urinary passageways is

B) transitional

The type of muscle found in blood vessels is

B) smooth

A carcinoma is a cancer originating from

A) epithelium

Collagen is a major component of

D) all of these are correct

Permanent wrinkling of skin is usually due to changes caused by excessive exposure to

B) sunlight

Adipose tissue is a specialized form of

C) loose connective tissue

Which of the following is not a trait for distinguishing tissue types?

D) number of mitochondria

The type of epithelium that secretes their products into ducts that open onto surfaces like skin is

D) glandular epithelium

The nerve fibers scattered throughout the dermis are associated with

D) all of these are correct

Membranes lining the body cavities that lack openings to the outside are called

C) serous

Which of the following is not correct concerning the skin?

C) the subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis

Eccrine sweat glands

B) respond primarily to elevated body temperature

Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of

A) melanin

Sweat functions to cool the body by

C) evaporation

Shafts of Hair are composed of

D) dead epidermal cells

Eccrine sweat glands differ from sebaceous glands

D) all correct

What determines the color of skin?

C) the amount of melanin produced by malonoctyes

The subcutaneous layer consists of

B) loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the

B) dermis

Cutaneous carcinomas are most commonly caused by exposure to

C) ultraviolet light

Which of the following is a characteristic of the person most likely to develop a cutaneous carcinoma?

D) all of these are correct

Skin cells play an important role in the production of

C) vitamin D

Acne is a disorder involving the

C) sebaceous glands

A membrane is an organ because

C) it is composed of two or more kinds of tissues

The function of skin include

C) regulating body temperature

Inflammation involves which of the following changes to skin?

D) all of these are correct

A hair is distinguished from a hair follicle by

D) being composed of dead epidermal cells, whereas a hair follicle is composed of living epidermal cells

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation greatly increases the risk of developing

C) skin cancer

Which of the following is not a step in the formation of endochondral bones

C) Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue

The hard palate is composed of the

D) maxillary and palatine bones

The atlas is one of the

C) cervical vertebrae

The bones of the wrist and ankles ar classified as

C) short bones

Which of the following is an example of an intramembranous bone?

A) the parietal bone of the skull

The presence of an epiphyseal disk indicates that

A) the bone length is increasing

At what age are all bones normally ossified?

D) 25 years

Ribs that join the sternum directly by coastal cartilages are called

A) true ribs

It is possible to determine if a child’s long bone is growing by examining an X-ray film of the

C) epiphyseal disk

A compound fracture

C) results when the broken bone is exposed to the outside

A cleft palate from incomplete development of the

B) maxillae

Compact bone is characterized by _______, whereas spongy bone is characterized __________

B) tightly packed tissue that is solid, strong, and resistant to bending; cancellous bone that reduces the weight of bone

Osteoblasts are _______, whereas osteocytes are _______.

C) bone-forming cells; mature bone cells

Which group of bone shapes/examples is correct?

D) irregular bones-bones of the backbone

Bones

B) are multifunctional

The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is called the

A) epimysium

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

A) actin and myosin

Neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles within

D) motor neuron endings

The enzyme acetylcholinesterase causes acetylcholine to

C) decompose

Creative phosphate serves to

C) supply energy for the synthesis of ATP

A muscle cramp is most likely due to a lack of

C) ATP

Athletes usually experience muscular fatigue was quickly than non athletes because they

D) produce less lactic acid

Multiunit smooth muscle

D) none of these is correct

What is the function of the transverse tubules?

B) to transmit muscle impulses into the Cell interior

The discoloration and swelling that may accompany a muscle strain is due to

A) torn muscle fibers

Rigor mortis that occurs in skeletal muscles a few hours after death is due to

B) a decrease of ATP and increased permeability to calcium

In a recording of a muscle twitch, the delay between the time a stimulus is applied and the time the muscle responds is called the

C) latent period

A neuromuscular junction can be described as

D) all of these are correct

A motor unit is defined as

C) a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it

Short muscle cells with centrally locates nuclei are

A) smooth muscle fibers

Transverse tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum are well developed in

B) skeletal muscle fibers

Muscle fibers are basically a collection of

B) sarcomeres

The functional connection between the neuron and the skeletal muscle fiber is the

C) synapse

________ is responsible for degrading acetylcholine so that it does not remain in the synapse.

D) Acetylcholinesterase

The cytoplasmic extensions that, together, with the Cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are

D) dendrites

Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear

A) white

Which of the following is a type of nueroglial Cell?

D) all correct

Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?

D) receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

When a nerve fiber is polarized, the concentration of

D) sodium ions is higher on the outside of its membrane and potassium ions is higher on the inside

Saltatory conduction

C) is faster than conduction on an unmyelinated fiber

What produces myelin in the brain and spinal cord?

D) oligodendrytes

The most rapid nerve impulses are conducted on fibers that are

A) thick and myelinated

The nervous system

D) all of these are correct

Which of the following ions pass through cell membranes most readily?

A) potassium

Most of the neurons in the brain and spinal cord are

C) multipolar

Reflexes help to control

D) all of these are correct

Three general functions of the nervous system are

B) integrative, motor, and sensory

Neurons are _______, whereas neuroglial cells are ______.

A) nerve cells; structural and functional units of the nervous system

Myelin is defined as

B) a lipoprotein Cell membrane on the outside of axons

Skeletal muscle contraction is under the control of

B) somatic Nervous System

Which of the following is under voluntary control of the nervous system?

D) skeletal muscle

When a stimulus is sufficiently great enough to change the membrane potential and propagate an action potential, it is called

B) threshold

Exam 1 Review Flashcards

(117 cards)