exam 1 study guide Flashcards
brains cells include
neurons and glia
peripheral nervous system consists of which two divisions
sensory (picks up sensory stimuli) and motor (send signals from brain to muscles and glands)
somatic nervous system
skeletal muscle movement
autonomic
involuntary nervous system (heart beat)
sympathetic nervous system
mobilizes body into action
parasympathetic nervous system
calms the body down
glial cells
provide support nutrition insulation and help with signal transmission
astrocytes
star shaped. found in CNS. anchor neurons to blood supply and help with exchange
microglial cells
immune defense
ependymal cells
crest, secrete, and circulate CSF
oligodendrocytes
wrap around neurons and produce an insulating barrier called the myelin sheath
satellite cells
surround and support neurons
dendrites
pick up messages. branchlike
multipolar neuron
normal looking neuron
bipolar neurons
one axon and on single dendrite
unipolar neurons
one process
ohms law
I=V/R
current= voltage/resistance
proteins are assembled from
amino acids composing enzymes , cytoskeletal elements, receptors
absolute refractory period
cell cannot fire a second action potential
relative refractory period
cell is hyper polarized. second action potential possible with stronger than normal stimulus
saltatory conduction
jumps from one node of ranvier to the next
catecholminergic neurons
involved in movement mood attention and visceral function (dopamine, norepinephrine, adrenaline)
serotonergenic neurons
regulate mood emotional behavior and sleep (ssri)
ionotropic neuron receptors
fast transmission, detectors for chemicals and voltage, regular large currents
