Exam 1 Study Guide (Cumulative) Flashcards by Samuel Fangman

Q

What structure is involved, if the pain radiation follows a dermatomal pattern?

A

Nerve pain

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What structure is involved, if the pain radiation refers to peripheral areas (myotomal pattern)?

A

Muscle pain

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What structure is involved, if the pain radiation follows a sclerotomal pattern (difficult to pinpoint)?

A

Ligament pain

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What muscle strength grade would you rate the following:

–No contraction

A

Zero (0)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What muscle strength grade would you rate the following:

–A trace contraction (cannot overcome gravity)

A

One (1)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What muscle strength grade would you rate the following:

–Movement w/out gravity (cannot overcome gravity)

A

Two (2)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What muscle strength grade would you rate the following:

–Movement against gravity (able to overcome gravity)

A

Three (3)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What muscle strength grade would you rate the following:

–Movement against gravity PLUS some resistance

A

Four (4)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What muscle strength grade would you rate the following:

–Movement against gravity PLUS max resistance

A

Five (5)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What Degree of Ligament Strain would you give the following:

–No laxity, <1/3 fibers torn, slight decrease in strength

A

1st * (Degree)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What Degree of Ligament Strain would you give the following:

–Moderate laxity, <2/3 torn, decrease in strength

A

2nd * (Degree)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What Degree of Ligament Strain would you give the following:

– > 2/3, little to no strength

A

3rd * (Degree)

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

A CT is good for diagnosing what 3 things?

A

-Fractures
-IVD herniation
-Bone

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

MRI is good for diagnosing what 5 things?

A

-IVD herniation
-DDD
-Tumors
-CNS disease
-Meniscal tear
-Soft tissue tumor

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Myelography is good for diagnosing what?

A

Spinal subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN’s are located on the Midbrain?

A

3 and 4

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN’s are located on the Pons?

A

5-8

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN’s are associated w/ Cerebellopontine angle syndrome?

A

5, 7, 8

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN’s are located on the Medulla?

A

9-12

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN exam tests visual acuity and peripheral vision?

A

CN 2

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN’s are tested during a light reflex exam?

A

CN 2 and 3

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What 3 things must happen for accommodation to occur?

A

-Lens thickens (CN 3)
-Convergence
-Pupilloconstriction

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN tests Ant 2/3 tongue sensation?

A

CN 5

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

What CN tests Taste of Ant 2/3 of tongue?

A

CN 7

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

What CN controls the Gag reflex?

CN 9

If a during a tongue protrusion exam, the tongue deviates to the left. What is the problem?

Left CN 12

What CN 2 lesion presents as a "CHOKED DISC" upon a fundoscopic exam?

Papilledema

What CN 2 lesion presents as: - -Decreased visual acuity - -Optic disc colored light pink, white, or gray

Optic atrophy

What CN 2 lesion presents as: | --painless temporary loss of vision (monocular blindness) from retinal blood clot

Amaurosis fugax

What pathology is described: - -Ipsilateral blindness - -Ipsilateral Anosmia - -Contralateral papilledema

Foster Kennedy Syndrome

What is thought to cause Foster Kennedy Syndrome?

Frontal lobe tumor

What pathology is described: - -Blindness - -Optic atrophy - -Dark cherry red spots on macula - -Mental deficiency

Tay-Sachs

What is thought to cause Tay-Sachs?

Cerberomacular degeneration

What pathology is described: | --pupil reacts to accommodation but NOT direct/indirect light reflex

Argyle Robertson Pupil

What pathology is described: - -Tonic pupillary reaction - -Absence of one or more tendon reflexes

Holmes-Adie Syndrome

If there is a lesion to CN 3, what are the findings?

Eyelid ptosis

If there is a CN 4 lesion, what are the findings?

Difficult looking down and in | --Headache w/ reading

If there is a CN 6 disorder, what are the findings?

Unable to laterally deviate eye on ipsilateral side of lesion

What pathology presents as: - -Ptosis - -Anhydrosis - -Ipsilateral vasodilation - -Enophthalmos

Horner' syndrome

The Lateral Pterygoid opens jaw and moves it in what direction?

Contra-laterally

What are 6 signs of vestibular disease?

- -Unsteadiness - -Nystagmus - -Pallor - -Sweating - -Vomiting - -Hypotension

If a patient falls w/ eyes open and closed during a Cerebellar and Proprioceptive exam, what is the problem?

Cerebellar pathology

If a patient falls w/ eyes closed only during a Cerebellar and Proprioceptive exam, what is the problem?

Dorsal column pathology

What is dyssnergia?

Uncoordinated movement

What is Dysmetria?

Inaccuracy in measuring

If during a Joint Position test the patient cannot sense the proper joint position, what is the problem?

Dorsal column disease

If a patient presents w/ absent deep pain and pressure/sensation, what would they test positive for?

Dorsal column path

What are 3 deep pain and pressure/sensation exams for testing the dorsal column?

- -Abadie's - -Pitre's - -Biernacki

What tract is associated w/ sharp touch, light touch, temperature?

Spinothalamic

What tract is associated w/ vibration, proprioception, and topognosis?

Dorsal column

What cord lesion presents as: | --Partial or complete interruptions to motor and all sensory pathways

Transverse cord lesion

What cord lesion presents as: - -Ipsilateral UMN weakness, loss of vibration, loss of joint position space - -Contralateral loss of sharp touch and temp

Hemicord (Brown Sequard Syndrome)

What cord lesion presents as: | --may only impact sensory (cape distribution)

Small Central Cord lesion

What cord lesion presents as: | --Sacral sparing only

Large central cord lesion

What cord lesion presents as: | --Vibration and position loss

Posterior cord lesion

What cord lesion presents as: | --Motor, pain, and temp

Anterior cord lesion

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Supraspinatus muscle?

C5; suprascapular

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Deltoid muscle?

C5; Axillary

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Biceps muscle?

C5; Musculocutaneous

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Brachioradialis muscle?

C6; Radial

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Triceps muscle?

C7; Radial

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Wrist ext muscle?

C6; Radial

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Wrist flex muscle?

C8; Median/Ulnar

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Finger flex muscle?

C8; Radial

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Finger ext muscle?

C7; Median/Ulnar

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Finger ABd muscle?

T1; Ulnar

What is the segmental and peripheral innervation for the Finger Add muscle?

T1; Ulnar

What muscle testing scale = complete paralysis?

0/5

What muscle testing scale = trace contraction?

1/5

What muscle testing scale = moderate paralysis?

2/5

What muscle testing scale = active movement against gravity?

3/5

What muscle testing scale = active movement against gravity and resistance?

4/5

What muscle testing scale = normal?

5/5

What reflex grading system = absent?

0 (zero)

What reflex grading system = hypoactive?

+1

What reflex grading system = normal?

+2

What reflex grading system = hyperactive?

+3

What reflex grading system = hyperactive w/ transient clonus?

+4

What reflex grading system = hyperactive w/ sustained clonus?

+5

What type of nerve root compression results in numbness and tingling?

Dorsal nerve root

What type of nerve root compression results in muscle weakness?

Anterior nerve root

What type of nerve root compression results in loss of vibration or position?

Dorsal nerve root

What type of nerve root compression results in loss of deep tendon reflex?

Anterior nerve root