EXAM

Question 1

How many primitive types does C have?

Answer 1

14

Question 2

How many primitive data types does C++ have?

Answer 2

18

Question 3

How many char data types does C++ have?

Answer 3

5

char, unsigned char, wchar_t, char16_t, char32_t

Question 4

What data type did C++ add that C didn’t have?

Answer 4

Boolean

Question 5

How many bytes is a wchar_t?

Answer 5

2 or 4

Question 6

What does the sizeof operator return?

Answer 6

The size of a data type in bytes

Question 7

What header is needed to find the min and max of data types?

Answer 7

include < limits >

Question 8

What is the new syntax for casting a data type?

Answer 8

int val = static_cast< data_type >(number);

Question 9

What is a constexpr

Answer 9

An expression that can be evaluated at compile time.

Question 10

What is the new syntax for specifying a type alias?

Answer 10

using wages = double;

Question 11

What two keywords can be used for type aliases?

Answer 11

typedef OR using

Question 12

What is std

Answer 12

The C++ standard library namespace

Question 13

What does using a namespace help avoid?

Answer 13

Name collision from multiple programs using the same identifiers

Question 14

What header is needed for IO operations from the console?

Answer 14

< iostream >

Question 15

What header is needed for IO operations for files?

Answer 15

< fstream >

Question 16

What header is needed for IO operations with a string?

Answer 16

< sstream >

Question 17

What are the input/ouput objects for a string?

Answer 17

istringstream, ostringstream

Question 18

What is “ < < “

Answer 18

The Insertion Operator

Question 19

What does endl do?

Answer 19

Adds a newline and flushes the stream

Question 20

How do you set precision with stream manipulators?

Answer 20

setprecision(2)

Question 21

How do you set the width using a stream manipulator?

Answer 21

setw(9)

Question 22

What are the objects/functions included in < iomanip >

Answer 22

setfill(ch)
setprecision(n)
setw(w)
setbase(b)
put_money(int)
put_time()

Question 23

What is held in < locale > header?

Answer 23

Geographic location features for formatting

Question 24

What argument is passed to a locale object to specify current locale?

Answer 24

locale loc(“”);

Question 25

What does the extraction operator do with whitespace?

Answer 25

It ignores leading whitespace

Question 26

What is ">>" called?

Answer 26

The extraction operator

Question 27

What does getline() do?

Answer 27

Reads characters from a stream up to and excluding the delimiter

Question 28

What is the syntax for using getline()?

Answer 28

getline(cin, input, [delimiter])

Question 29

What is the syntax for ignore?

Answer 29

cin.ignore(n, ch) | n = number of characters to ignore unless ch is encountered

Question 30

What does get() do?

Answer 30

Reads one character at a time

Question 31

Does get() ignore whitespace?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

What are the 4 condition states of a stream called?

Answer 32

ios: :goodbit ios: :eofbit ios: :failbit ios: :badbit

Question 33

The iostate bit is set to what by default?

Answer 33

0

Question 34

What does it mean if the iostate bit is set to 1?

Answer 34

The state is in error

Question 35

What function is used to read the current condition of a stream state?

Answer 35

stream.rdstate()

Question 36

How do you test for valid stream?

Answer 36

if (!stream) | error code

Question 37

When cin fails, how do you set it back to default?

Answer 37

cin.clear();

Question 38

How do you convert a string to an int or a double?

Answer 38

stoi(string), stod(string)

Question 39

How to you instantiate a string with 10 characters all as 'c'?

Answer 39

string s(10, 'c');

Question 40

What are 2 ways to instantiate a string as a copy of another string?

Answer 40

``` string s1 = s2; string s3(s2); ```

Question 41

What is RAII?

Answer 41

Resource Acquisition is Initialization

Question 42

Is the string class an STL container?

Answer 42

No

Question 43

What function converts a number to a string?

Answer 43

to_string()

Question 44

What does ofstream::app do?

Answer 44

Appends to the end of the file being used as the output stream

Question 45

What does STL stand for?

Answer 45

Standard Template Library

Question 46

What are the 2 kinds of STL container?

Answer 46

Sequence container | Associative container

Question 47

What function is used for removing the last iteration of a container?

Answer 47

pop_back()

Question 48

What does O(1) mean?

Answer 48

An operation is done once

Question 49

What does O(log n) mean?

Answer 49

An operation is done less than n times

Question 50

What is an iterator?

Answer 50

A generalization of a pointer, but not a pointer

Question 51

What are the 3 main kinds of iterators?

Answer 51

Forward Bidirectional Random-Access

Question 52

What class does the map container use to store it's values?

Answer 52

pair

Question 53

What are the 2 public members of the pair class?

Answer 53

first, second

Question 54

What is a predicate function?

Answer 54

A function that returns a bool

Question 55

What is data abstraction?

Answer 55

A design technique that separates the interface of a class from its implementation

Question 56

What is encapsulation?

Answer 56

The use of modifiers to separate the interface from implementation

Question 57

What is the difference between a class and a struct?

Answer 57

Struct has no access modifiers and only data members, class does not exist in C

Question 58

What access modifier do classes made with "struct" have by default?

Answer 58

Public

Question 59

What access modifier do classes made with "class" have by default?

Answer 59

Private

Question 60

What are the four access modifiers in C++?

Answer 60

public, private, protected, friend

Question 61

What is the default constructor called in C++?

Answer 61

Synthesized default constructor

Question 62

What is the preferred syntax for a constructor?

Answer 62

ClassName (type v, type w) : | property1(v), property2(w) {}

Question 63

Which STL container uses contiguous storage?

Answer 63

Vector

Question 64

What is the difference between a Vector and a Deque?

Answer 64

A Deque can be expanded or contracted from either end, whereas a vector is restricted to the back

Question 65

Which sequential container is best for inserts, erases and sorting?

Answer 65

Lists

Question 66

Do lists have direct access?

Answer 66

No

Question 67

How are sets implemented?

Answer 67

Binary search trees

Question 68

What is a "stop" test with streams?

Answer 68

if (!stream) | error message

Question 69

What is a "go" test with streams?

Answer 69

while (getline(stream, variable)) { operations }