Exam

Question 1

Earthquakes

Answer 1

shaking of the ground caused by movement along a fault or by the movement of magma

Question 2

Primary Wave

Answer 2

compression waves; the fastest wave and can move through solids and liquids

Question 3

Secondary Waves

Answer 3

transverse waves that are slower moving

Question 4

Surface waves

Answer 4

transverse waves; slowest moving wave

Question 5

Seismograph

Answer 5

tool to measure seismic waves

Question 6

Focus

Answer 6

area underground where the plates shifted

Question 7

Epicenter

Answer 7

need three seismograph readings to find epicenter of Earthquake which is the location where the quake originated

Question 8

Richter scale

Answer 8

magnitude and strength of earthquake; 1-7

Question 9

Modified Mercalli Scale

Answer 9

measures the damage done by the earthquake i-xii

Question 10

Tsunami

Answer 10

seismic sea wave caused by an earthquake

Question 11

Glaciers

Answer 11

large masses of moving ice and snow

Question 12

Alpine/Valley Glacier

Answer 12

move due to gravity

Question 13

Continental/Ice sheets

Answer 13

huge ice sheets that cover large parts of land

Question 14

Why glaciers move

Answer 14

due to gravity, extremely slowly

Question 15

Conditions needed to form

Answer 15

have more annual snowfall than snow melt

Question 16

Steps in the formation of glacial ice

Answer 16

1. Accumulation of snow
2. Compression of snow into firn
3. Compression of firn into ice

Question 17

Moraines

Answer 17

deposits of rock and snow left by glaciers

Question 18

Terminal Moraine

Answer 18

rock left in front of glacier

Question 19

Lateral Moraines

Answer 19

rock deposited on the sides of a glacier

Question 20

Medial Moraine

Answer 20

rock found in the middle of glaciers

Question 21

Till

Answer 21

mixture of rock, sand, and soil deposited by a glacier

Question 22

Outwash

Answer 22

very small particles deposited by glacial melt water

Question 23

Erratics

Answer 23

large boulders moved by glaciers

Question 24

Fiords

Answer 24

flooded glacial valley

Question 25

Crevasses

Answer 25

a deep crack in a glacier

Question 26

U shaped valleys

Answer 26

carved out by glaciers

Question 27

Striations

Answer 27

parallel grooves carved into bedrock by glaciers

Question 28

Terminus

Answer 28

front or lower end of the glacier

Question 29

North shore of LI

Answer 29

terminal moraine

Question 30

South shore of LI

Answer 30

outwash plane

Question 31

Lake Ronkonkoma

Answer 31

Kettle lake formed by chunks of ice that melted

Question 32

Causes of ice ages (6)

Answer 32

1. elevation of large areas of land 2. decrease in solar output 3. change in earths orbit 4. Increase in volcanic ash 5. decrease in carbon dioxide 6. continents moving towards the poles