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NURS 661 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Communication Term:
Blocking

A

Leader must intervene to stop counterproductive behaviors - focus on disruptive behavior vs person

Failure to express one’s knowledge or skill

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2
Q

Main goals of person-centered therapy

A
  • Enhance a greater understanding of oneself
  • Facilitate growth and development
  • Increase self-esteem and openness
  • Eliminate feelings of distress

Increase self acceptance and self esteem

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3
Q

Main techniques used in person-centered therapy (4)

A

Listening and understanding

EMPATHY

Unconditional positive regard

Congruence (agreeing)

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4
Q

Main goals of CBT

A
  • Teaching patients techniques to identify and challenge their distorted thinking
  • Replace dysfunction constructs with more flexible and adaptive cognitions
  • Prevent future episodes of emotional distress
  • Help people with personal growth
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5
Q

Main technique used in CBT

A

cognitive restructuring

Also known as the ABCDE method

  • Identify and evaluate one’s cognitions
  • Understand the negative behaviors those thoughts cause
  • Replace these thoughts with more realistic, appropriate, and adaptive thoughts.

Take back control of thoughts

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6
Q

Role of person-centered group therapists

A

Fascilitator

  • emphasizes the personal qualities of the group facilitator vs the techniques
  • non judgemental
  • empathy
  • constant positive regard
  • genuineness
  • foster member to member vs member to leader interactions
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7
Q

Person centered group therapy operates on what belief?

A

Client is inherently driven toward growth and self-actualization

humanistic belief

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8
Q

Who is the primary change agent in person centered therapy?

A

The client

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9
Q

Basis of Gestalt therapy

A

Grounded in the here and now: PRESENT VS PAST

Gives primacy to existential dialogue

CORNERSTONE: Awareness, choice, and responsibility

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10
Q

Gestalt therapy is based on what theories

A

Humanistic and experiential

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11
Q

Projection

A

attributing our own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and motives onto others.

Example: The wife is attracted to a male coworker. When the husband talks about a female coworker, she becomes jealous of him being attracted to another woman.

An insecure man mocks other men for acting like women

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12
Q

Introjection

A

mindlessly accept the standards and views of others without assimilating them and making them consistent with who we are

initial stage

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13
Q

Retroflection

A

We do to ourselves what we want to do to others

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14
Q

A

A

interruption of awareness so that it is difficult to maintain a sustained sense of contact

People will speak through and for others

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15
Q

Confluence

A

Blurring of awareness of differentiation between self and environment

No clear demarcation between internal and external experience

Makes it hard to have your own thoughts

A belief that all parties experience the same feelings and thoughts

Avoid conflict to be liked

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16
Q

Empathizing

A

Sensitively grasp the subjective world of the participant and retain their own separateness

Identifying with the client by assuming their frames of reference

Understand another’s perspective

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17
Q

Evaluating

A

Ongoing process throughout the group sessions.

Appraising the group process and the individual and group direction

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18
Q

Facilitating

A

Promote effective communication among members

Open up clear and direct communication among members

Help them assume responsibility for the direction of the group

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19
Q

Giving feedback
- and why we do it

A

Provide realistic assessment of how a person appears to others

to INCREASE CLIENT’S SELF AWARENESS

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20
Q

Goal setting

A

Targets communication, knowledge, or emotion

GOAL: give the group direction

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21
Q

Initiating

A

Non-prompted, purposeful, sending a message in context of a stage

Know how to use various techniques to promote deeper self-exploration

Increases the pace of the group process

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22
Q

A

A

Responding to the essence of what a person has communicated

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23
Q

A

A

When the therapist offers thoughts

  • to help members develop alterative courses of thinking and action
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24
Q

Ventilation

A

When a person expresses their suppressed thoughts/feelings to the group

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25
Risks of group therapy
- More ideas may create conflict - Unequal participation - Doesn’t allow for individual thinking - Breach of confidentiality
26
Benefits of group therapy
- More ideas that are shared could be more productive - Less expensive - Realize you're not alone
27
Informed consent
- Clear statement of the group's purpose - Description of the the group process - Leader qualifications - Risks - Rights and responsibilities - Limits of confidentiality
28
What are: Encounter Groups - Goals - Lead is
GOALS: - awareness of self - sensitivity to others - personal growth - improving interpersonal skills are promoted. Leader is a catalyst vs a facilitator
29
What is Group Counseling
- Aims at preventive and educational purposes - Focuses on growth and development
30
What is Group Therapy
- Minor or major transformation of personality structure - Focuses on remediation and treatment
31
What are Psychotherapy Groups
- Aims at remediation of in-depth psychological problems - past influences on present problems
32
What are Self Exploration Groups
Understanding who you are and what makes you “you” by looking at own thoughts, feelings, motivations, and behavior. - Used in CBT and psychodynamic therapy GOAL: explore personal conflict
33
What are Task Groups
aims to foster accomplishing identified work goals. - Often used in schools - Guiding principles: Warm up, action, and closure. GOALS: problem solving, decision making
34
What are psychoeducation Groups
aims to educate well-functioning group members who want to acquire information and skills in an area of living. Many are based on the learning theory model and use behavioral procedures. Group examples: social skills training groups, stress management groups, and cognitive therapy groups, substance abuse, anger management for children, elementary school children of divorce
35
First Generation Behavior Therapies - How it works
Change negative/problematic behavior through conditioning - Classical conditioning: Involuntary reflexive behavior - Operant Conditioning: Reinforcing Consequences
36
Second Generation Behavior Therapies - How it works
Help people identify negative thoughts - Cognitive behavior therapy - Automatic thoughts
37
Third Generation Behavior Therapies - How it works
Expanded to include: -Emphasizes mindfulness - Acceptance - Therapeutic relationship - Involves meditation
38
Fourth Generation Behavior Therapies - How it works
Theories: Existential, Humanistic, Spiritual, Ritualistic
39
First Generation Behavior Therapies - What therapies
Psychodynamic
40
Second Generation Behavior Therapies - What therapies
CBT, Gestalt, and Family Systems
41
Third Generation Behavior Therapies - What therapies
Acceptance and commitment therpay DBT Behavioral activation, schema, and mindfulness-based CBT
42
DBT
* Blend of CBT and psychoanalytic techniques * Type of talk therapy for people who experience emotions very intensely * Goal is to process emotions and self-regulate emotions * Population ideal for this therapy: --- Borderline personality disorder
43
CBT vs DBT
CBT focuses on how your thoughts, feelings and behavior influence each other. While DBT does work on these things, emphasis is given more towards regulating emotions, being mindful, and learning to accept pain.
44
Basic Goal of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
- Helps members replace their rigid thoughts. - Help group members replace rigid demands with flexible preferences. - Uses humor to show members how self-defeating their irrational thoughts are
45
Purpose of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Provides members with tools for experiencing healthy emotions about negative events. Instead of experiencing unhealthy emotions Uses humor to show members how self-defeating their irrational thoughts are Depression & anxiety
46
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy - group leader techniques
Must have unconditional acceptance.
47
ABC Theory
Part of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy The consequence (C) is NOT a result of A  it is a response to B Consequence is a response to Belief system. A: Activating agent/event B: Belief System C: Consequence
48
Androgynous group
Blend of males and females
49
Endogenous group
Groups within society Example: Church group
50
Heterogeneous group
Microcosm of the social structure that exists in the everyday world Diverse age, race, cultural background Example: Political campaign committee
51
Homogenous group
- Similar ages or population - Common interest or problem - Short-term groups Example: Post-partum women learning about breastfeeding Example: Males learning to deal with anger management
52
What is resistance in groups
Client’s attempt to restrict or control the type of information that is communicated. Keeps members from exploring personal issues or painful feelings in depth o Serves as a protective purpose o Can interfere w/ group processes
53
Examples of resistance behavior in groups
o Excess talking - Gossiping - Starting rumors o Interruptions o Silence o Not participating o Distracting/laughing - Class clown
54
How does the group leader counteract resistance
Create an open atmosphere Express empathy
55
What usually causes resistance in groups
leader's failure to give adequate orientation
56
Stress inoculation training
Educate about the nature of stress we are not simply victims of stress -- what we do and what we think actively contributes to how we experience stress Socratic discussion Cognitive restructuring, problem-solving, relaxation training, and self-reinforcement
57
Psychodrama was designed to:
facilitate the expression of feelings in a spontaneous and dramatic way through the use of role playing.
58
Psychodrama emphasizes:
Spontaneity and creativity
59
Interpreting
encourage deeper self-exploration bring awareness to self-contradictions
60
Transference
Unconscious process whereby members project past feelings or attitudes onto the therapist.
61
Countertransference
Therapist projects feelings they have onto members of the group.
62
Initial stage (2nd stage) - what happens - how do the members feel
orientation and exploration increased anxiety and defensiveness
63
Transition stage (3rd stage) - what happens - how do the members feel
Recognizing and dealing with conflict Anxiety, challenging the group leader
64
Working Stage (4th stage) - important things that need to be done - How members feel
Action: Interpreting the meaning of the behavior patterns -- for deeper level of self-exploration cohesion and productivity Commitment to explore significant problems
65
Catharsis
Expressing pent-up feelings releases energy that is tied to those feelings and relieves physical s/s Ventilation of stored-up feelings
66
Rationalization
Justify our behavior by assigning logical and admirable motives to it
67
What are the Phases of Change?
Engagement Focusing Evoking Planning
68
Phases of Change: Engagement
Trusting and respectful relationship is established
69
Phases of Change: Focusing
Process of clarifying the client's goals and direction
70
Phases of Change: Evoking
Eliciting motivation for a specific change
71
Phases of Change: Planning
For a specific change strategy
72
Preparing members to assimilate, integrate, and apply in-group learning to everyday life is:
Terminating
73
In the era of ___________, brief interventions and short-term groups have become a necessity.
Managed Care
74
________________ is a vehicle for the technique of role reversal when an auxiliary ego may not be available, or the actual person is too threatening to engage in an encounter.
Empty chair
75
The technique whereby a protagonist speaks directly to the audience by expressing some uncensored feeling or thought is
Soliloquy
76
What is free association and what therapies use it?
No filter, say what you want Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic
77
Purpose of an analytic group
Restructuring the client's character and personality. Focus on how the past is affecting the present.
78
Precontemplation Stage
No awareness or intention
79
Contemplation Stage
Aware of the need for change Planning for change No commitment
80
What are: Encounter groups - Theory - Past or present? - Communication style - Length of therapy
Emerged from humanistic theory An enactment of here and now but related to past or future event Directness with communication Can be brief and intense

NURS 661 (5 decks)

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