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Hist & Theory of Games > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The playing cards we use today are considered what type?

A

European cards

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2
Q

Deck

A

a standard collection of cards

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3
Q

Suits

A

cards sharing a common mark

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4
Q

face cards

A

king, queen, jack

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5
Q

pip cards

A

1 - 10

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6
Q

What is the “International” deck

A

the British deck

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7
Q

What is the british deck used for?

A

Bridge and Whist, now for 21 and Poker

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8
Q

What is the british deck derived from?

A

The French deck, which is where spades, hearts, diamonds and clubs came from. Derived from the deck of the Mamluks

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9
Q

What year was the british deck formed?

A

about 1840

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10
Q

What symbols were used on the deck of the Mamluks?

A

swords
polo sticks
cups
coins

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11
Q

What symbols do the Germans use?

A

acorns
leaves
bells
hearts

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12
Q

What symbols do the Italians use?

A

swords
cups
coins
rods

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13
Q

What were cards like in India?

A

Circular

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14
Q

Cards began with what invention?

A

The invention of paper

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15
Q

What year was paper invented? In What country?

A

around 200 CE in China

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16
Q

What year did paper enter Europe?

A

around 1200 CE in China

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17
Q

When did printmaking on paper start?

A

around 400 CE

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18
Q

When did printmaking on paper start in Europe?

A

Around 1400 CE

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19
Q

When did card games begin? And where?

A

Soon after 200AD, in China - they seem to be derived from bank notes

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20
Q

What symbols did China use as their suits?

A

coins
strings
thousands
ten thousands

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21
Q

What game was not invented until cards came about?

A

Dominoes

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22
Q

What year did cards appear in Europe?

A

1370

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23
Q

How long did it take for cards appear everywhere?

A

About 10 years

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24
Q

Dominoes came before or after cards?

A

Before

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25
Q

Why did dominoes come before cards?

A

Despite ceramics predating paper by 10k years, they were not invented until after card games

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26
Q

When are the earliest sets of dominoes from? Year and Country

A

1100 CE, China

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27
Q

How many players in Gin Rummy?

A

two players

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28
Q

Which deck does Gin Rummy use?

A

international deck

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29
Q

Gin Rummy - Dealer

A

the player who holds the deck

30
Q

Gin Rummy - Opponent

A

the other player

31
Q

Gin Rummy - Hand

A

the play between the deal and the knock

32
Q

Gin Rummy - Knock

A

one player stoping the hand

33
Q

Gin Rummy - Game Play

A

Dealer deals 10 cards to each player, then one more to her opponent.
Opponent discards one, face up.
Players then take turns taking one card off the deck, unexamined, taking the last discard, or “knocking,” which ends the hand

34
Q

Rummy - Matched Sets

A

Each player is trying to join cards together into sets - books or melds
A sequence of at least 3 cards, all in the same suit, is a matched set (4,5,6)
A set of at least 3 equal cards in different suits is a matched set.
The sets can be as large as you like.

35
Q

Rummy - Dead Wood

A

unmatched cards after sets are formed

36
Q

Rummy - Scoring

A

Face cards are all worth 10. Other cards are worth face value. Aces are low. Only deadwood is counted.
When a player knocks, each player receives the value of the other player’s unmatched cards.

37
Q

Rummy - Extra Rules

A

You can’t knock with more than 10 points in your own hand.
Play is generally many hands, with running scores.
Looking through the discard pile is wrong.

38
Q

Rummy Strategy

A

Since there are 10 cards, one set will need to have 4 cards in it.
Don’t bother trying to make a big set.
Gather cards into almost-sets and wait for cards you haven’t already seen.
Pay attention to what your opponent is discarding, and give her more of those.
Knock as soon as you can.

39
Q

Rummy Variations

A

Knock as soon as you’d like.

Put the opponent’s 11th card directly onto the discard pile.

40
Q

What are the steps of a basic card game?

A

• The dealer deals.
• Everybody looks at their own cards.
• They try to organize their cards.
• Some cards don’t fit! That’s bad.
• Players take turns adjusting their organizations to fit better.
• Mysteries shrink.
• The hand stops!
• Scoring, deal again

41
Q

What are the rules to a generic card game?

A 
The dealer deals.
Everybody looks at their own cards.
They try to organize their cards.
Some cards don't fit! That's bad.
Players take turns adjusting their organizations to fit better.
Mysteries shrink.
The hand stops!
Scoring, deal again.
42
Q

What do rules do for a game?

A

Rules give the inner, formal structure of a game.

43
Q

What are the characteristics of game rules?

A 
rules limit player action
rules are explicit and unambiguous
rules are shared by all players
rules are fixed
rules are binding
rules are repeatable
44
Q

What are the three types of rules?

A

Operational rules
Constituative rules
Implicit rules

45
Q

Operational rules

A

what you get in the rule book - are always partial

they explicitly give the tone of the game and describe its goals

46
Q

Constituative rules

A

describe the game without referring to its equipment

47
Q

Implicit rules

A

aka don’t cheat

48
Q

Hearts - how many players?

A

4

49
Q

What deck do you use in hearts?

A

british

50
Q

hearts - trick

A

4 cards, one from each player

51
Q

hearts - “led” suit

A

the suit of the first card played in a trick

52
Q

hearts - leader

A

person who took the last trick, who also must start the next trick

53
Q

hearts - break

A

to be the first person to play a card in that suit

54
Q

What are the rules of hearts?

A

Dealer deals 13 to each player– all the
cards.
•  Players see only their own hands
•  After the deal, players pass 3 cards to
their left. (next hand, right, next, …)
•  The player holding the 2 of clubs is the
leader for the first trick.
•  There will be 13 tricks, then redeal.
You can’t play hearts or the queen of spades on the first trick!

55
Q

What are the rules for a trick?

A

The leader goes first, then play proceeds
leftwards, each player putting down one card.
•  If a player has a card in the led suit, she must
play it.
•  If she does not, she can play anything.
•  The highest card in the led suit takes the trick.
•  You can’t lead hearts until they’ve been broken
•  No one may play hearts or the queen of spades
on the first trick

56
Q

Scoring in hearts

A

Each heart taken is worth 1 point, and the
queen of spades is worth 13.
Play until someone gets over 100, then the lowest score wins

57
Q

hearts - Shooting the moon

A

if you get all the hearts and the queen of spades, everyone else gets 26 points

58
Q

hearts - strategy

A 
Lead low. 
•  If you go last, you're in control. 
– If you know you're in no danger, play your 
highest card 
•  Keep track of how many cards of each suit 
have been played. 
– If only a few, hearts are less likely 
•  Dump the queen ASAP!
59
Q

Where did poker begin?

A

New Orleans, circa around 1820 - the gold rush and the civil war spread it

60
Q

How many players in poker?

A

2 to 8

61
Q

What deck do you use in poker?

A

british deck

62
Q

poker - ante

A

the minimum bet, placed in the middle of the table - the cost of playing the hand at all

63
Q

poker - fold

A

to withdraw from a hand, thus losing your bet

64
Q

What are the rules to straight poker?

A 
Players ante up. 
•  Dealer shuffles. 
•  Player to the right cuts. 
•  Dealer deals 5 cards to each player, face 
down. 
•  Players look at cards 
•  Round of betting
Players discard some cards and dealer 
replaces them. 
– You may discard 1-4 cards. 
– If you discard 4, the one you keep must be an 
ace. 
•  Another round of betting 
•  All players show their cards. 
•  Best hand wins.
65
Q

What are the rules for betting in poker?

A

All players are in for the same amount.
•  Players take turns; person next to dealer
goes first.
•  Players may stand, fold, see, or raise

66
Q

poker - stand

A

do nothing

67
Q

poker - fold

A

quit the hand, forfeiting any bet made

68
Q

poker - see/check/call

A

to match a raise without raising it further. betting ends after all call

69
Q

poker - raise

A

add to the bet, after the bet is raised, al other players in turn must see or fold

70
Q

What are the hand rankings of poker?

A 
5 of a kind (déclassé) 
•  Straight Flush: 5 cards of one suit, in sequence, no gaps 
•  4 of a kind: 4 4's, 4 Kings, etc. 
•  Full house: 3 of a kind and a pair 
•  Flush -- all 5 in one suit 
•  Straight -- sequence, no gaps (34567) 
•  3 of a kind 
•  2 pair 
•  1 pair 
•  "High" as in "Jack high"

Hist & Theory of Games (3 decks)

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