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Social Problems Exam 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Economic Inequality - McNamee & Miller

A

the unequal distribution of income and wealth, with significant implications for social mobility and privilege

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2
Q

Social Mobility - McNamee & Miller

A

the ability to move/navigate between different social standings depending on social status

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3
Q

Income - McNamee & Miller

A

the flow of financial resources (wages, dividends, etc.) over a set period of time

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4
Q

Wealth - McNamee & Miller

A

the total value of all owned assets MINUS liabilities/debts, giving a snapshot a financial status at a particular time

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5
Q

Gini Ratio - McNamee & Miller

A

measures INCOME inequality; higher values mean GREATER inequality
(0 - Lowest, 1 - Highest

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6
Q

Social Class Placement - McNamee & Miller

A

initial socio-economic status affects future life outcomes

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7
Q

Transference of Wealth - McNamee & Miller

A

most wealth is accumulated and passed down through estates; affects upper echelons of society

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8
Q

Quality of Life - McNamee & Miller

A

higher living standards and access to opportunities based on inherited wealth

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9
Q

Cultural Capital - McNamee & Miller

A

the knowledge and etiquette acquired through privileged upbringing

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10
Q

Social Capital - McNamee & Miller

A

the networks that provide advantages and resources

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11
Q

Head-Start Assets - Shapiro

A

the financial assistance for critical expenses (down payments on houses, etc); can greatly influence socioeconomic status

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12
Q

Inheritance vs. Meritocracy - Shapiro

A

the comparison between the ideal of a self-made, hard-working individual versus the reality of inheriting success from previous generations

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13
Q

Transformative Assets - Shapiro

A

resources that significantly impact a family’s socioeconomic wealth (e.g. inherited wealth); foundational support for homeownership, investments, education

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14
Q

The Barrys - Shapiro

A

a family that received $30K from parents on down home payment and other expenses; reflects Inherit vs. Merit (i.e. self-worth through work)

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15
Q

Income Inequality - Inagraham

A

the difference in earnings from work/investments; examples like CEOs earning 300x more than average workers

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16
Q

Wealth Inequality - Inagraham

A

the concerns of ownership of assets (houses, cars, savings) which can accumulate over time; greater disparities

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17
Q

Self-Perpetuating Wealth - Inagraham

A

the wealth that increases through asset appreciation and investments

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18
Q

Scott Clark - Witte

A

a former circuit factory worker who lost job in 2001 and had to work short-term jobs w/o healthcare/job security; uncertain about future

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19
Q

Lori G. Kletzer - Witte

A

expert economist who highlights uncertainty in middle class job sustainability

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20
Q

Chuck Moore - Witte

A

a college graduate who struggles finding work in economy despite qualifying degree

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21
Q

Job Loss Factors - Witte

A

losses stem from global competition & technological advances; positions erased by machines or overseas labor

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22
Q

Job Market Vulnerability - Witte

A

the variety of jobs that support middle class now facing threats of outsourcing & automation

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23
Q

Global Economy - Perrucci & Wyson

A

the system of multinational corporations exerting influence; leads to job displacements and labor dynamic shifts

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24
Q

Privileged Class - Perrucci & Wyson

A

the top 20% of income earners benefitting from economic changes & corporate profits

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25
Working Class - Perrucci & Wyson
the majority 80% facing job insecurity, wage decline, and a growing divide in economic stability
26
The Four Questions - Perrucci & Wyson
1. Problem Identification 2. Social Problem 3. Causes 4. Solutions Suggested
27
What are the 3 worker types? - Perrucci & Wyson
Core (essential employees, critical skills, benefits/security) Temporary (fluctuating demand, no long-term security) Contingent (non-standard, part-time, limited benefits)
28
Downsizing - Perrucci & Wyson
the practice of reducing workers to ideally create efficiency/shareholder value; not effective/illusory effect
29
Eviction - Desmond
the legal process of removing a tenant from their home; can happen for many reasons (rent, complaints, annoyances, etc.)
30
What group of people does eviction commonly and most harshly affect? - Desmond
it most affects poor women of color with families in marginalized communities
31
Material Hardship - Desmond
the lack of basic needs like food, healthcare and shelter; eviction worsens situation
32
Community Impact - Desmond
the idea/theory that eviction hurts a community; weakened community ties, reduced civic engagement, and increased crime rates
33
Eviction Diversion Program - Hendricks
the Richmond-based program designed to provide tenants with additional time before eviction; requires landlord participation
34
Tracy Hardney Scott - Hendricks
the housing chair of Richmond NAACP who highlighted rent increase for a senior citizen; $850 to $1,400
35
Marty Wegbreit - Hendricks
the Director of the Central Virginia Legal Aid Society who contributed crisis to low-vacancy rates and the end of eviction moratoriums
36
Evicted, Matthew Desmond - Badger & Bui April
the book from Princeton grad Desmond that chronicled widespread eviction and household renter judgments; especially Richmond
37
Housing Instability - Badger & Bui April
the fact that evictions are not isolated; lead to losses in social services and educational disruption
38
Terrorism - Ferber & Kimmel
defined by Jurgensmeyer as an act justified by other causes; often linked to religious or political causes
39
Perception of Terrorism - Ferber & Kimmel
the idea that "one person's terrorist is another's freedom fighter"; complicates definitions and understandings
40
Commonality of Religious Terrorism - Ferber & Kimmel
terrorists that share a similar, notable characteristic that stem from beliefs and motivations
41
Rural America - Ferber & Kimmel
the population of America most effected by patriotism and its related beliefs; most disenfranchised by corporate and governmental damage
42
Militia Men - Ferber & Kimmel
organized groups consisting of members characterized by governmental distrust, patriotism, and armed defense; often includes white men, conspiracies, and Christian Identity (racism)
43
Militia & Gender - Ferber & Kimmel
the militia movement's underlying motivation; sense of lost masculinity, typical gender roles
44
Militia & Economics - Ferber & Kimmel
the motivation for militia formation; hatred of government for perceived economic downfall
45
Bundy Takeover - Wolf
the occupation of an Oregon wildlife refuge in protest of the Hammond convictions; motivated by governmental oppression
46
The Hammonds - Wolf
Dwight & Steven Hammond; ranchers convicted of arson to cover illegal hunting activities
47
Malheur Wildlife Refuge - Wolf
the Oregon wildlife refuge occupied by the Bundys in response to the Hammond convictions
48
Sexual Dimorphism
the notion that there are only 2 sexes (Male & Female)
49
Glass Escalator
men entering woman dominated fields and being promoted faster
50
Extreme Ice Survey - Chasing Ice
the foundation from James Balog to raise awareness for glacier melts and global warming
51
Pay Gap
groups being paid different amounts for doing the same work in a similar time frame
52
Hate Crime
acts of violence motivated by discriminatory bias
53
Eviction vs. Foreclosure
Eviction: landlord expels tenant from home Foreclosure: lending institution takes landlord home
54
30% Rule
the rule that no more than 30% of household income should go to housing; over 30% = overburdened
55
Social Mobility
movement up or down in the stratification system
56
Exchange Mobility
mobility based on effort/action
57
Structural Mobility
mobility based on social forces beyond an individual's control
58
Stratified Systems
Slavery: closed, control of freedom Caste: closed, generational (born into) Estate: (open?; hard to move), control of land (owner vs. worker) Class: open, born into, mobility by effort
59
Social Stratification
a system by which society ranks people in a hierarchy based on access to scarce resources
60
Constitutional Groups
militia groups centered on idealized versions of constitutional values
61
Equal Pay Day
March 14th; how far into the year when women's pay catches up to men's pay
62
Gender Pay Gap
Women make 82 cents for every man's dollar
63
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Social Problems Exam 1 (2 decks)

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