Exam 2 Flashcards
Deception
defined as the deliberate attempt of one person to generate a false belief in another
Intentionality (key component of deception)
for a statement to be labeled as deceptive, the person making the statement must know that it is deceptive, and must intentionally use it to mislead another person
Digital/online deception
defined as any deceptive statement that is communicated through new communication technologies (e.g., email, texting, social networking sites, online dating, etc.)
Phishing
password harvesting - malicious websites pretending to be trustworthy websites in order to steal your private valuable information
Email spam
unsolicited and conversational messages you may receive that may host malware or phishing links
Astroturfing
practice of using fake online accounts and identities to give the impression that a company, person, or idea is more popular than it actually is in reality
Deception production
refers to (a) the prevalence of deception (how much do people lie); (b) people’s motivations for deception (why people lie); (c) types of lies people generate (serious vs non-serious, selfish vs altruistic); and (d) the effects of these lies on interpersonal relationships
Deception in texting
key affordance = elimination of nonverbal cues
- recall deceptive text study and butler lies discovery
Butler lies
serve the function of managing one’s availability for current or future interpersonal contact with one’s conversation partner
Prolific liars perspective
predicts that the distribution of lies is uneven, with a few participants telling the majority of the lies, while the majority of participants are honest
Everyday liars perspective
predicts that the distribution of lies is pretty even, with everybody lying a little bit
Decrease deception affordance
Audience access
Increase deception affordances
unlimited composition time and edibility
Extended real-life hypothesis
SNS profiles should accurately portray users’ personalities, because users do not want to come across as deceptive in front of audiences who know them well
Idealized virtual-identity hypothesis
users should take advantages of affordances that increase deception in order to compose embellished versions of self that can impress audiences
Catfishing
monetary scams – big lies, serious lies, lies of high magnitude – criminals create fake profiles using stolen photographs and made-up identities, then contact or wait to be contacted by potential victims (victims are usually online daters of a certain age, who are lonely, socially isolated, and psychologically vulnerable in their quest for love)
Truth bias
the idea that people are more likely to believe rather than disbelieve something from a communication partner – biological tendency that used to help us survive via cooperation with a group – unpleasant to be suspicious all of the time
Is FtF or CMC better for deception detection?
CMC, but there are a lot of platforms with different affordances and a lot of different lies
Self-other asymmetry
a belief that we ourselves are more honest (both online and offline) than our peers – people just like us
Stages of romantic relationships
Initiation, Maintenance, Termination
Initiation
people meet potential romantic partners, start to get to know them, and begin romantic relationships
Maintenance
individuals already form a stable couple (either dating or married) and must engage in behaviors that preserve their relationship, including managing how much time they spend together, sharing feelings, dealing with conflict and jealousy, etc (longest stage)
Termination
when the relationship ends
Types of online dating sites
self-selection, system selection, or hybrid
