Exam #2

Question 1

A collection of symbols governed by rules and used to convey messages between people is designated by the term _____

Answer 1

language

Question 2

____ govern the arrangement or sequence of language.

Answer 2

Syntactic Rules

Question 3

The thoughts and feelings associated with a word provide the _______ of that word.

Answer 3

connotative meaning

Question 4

A communication strategy that begins with a general statement and gets progressively more specific with each step is known as a(n)

Answer 4

abstraction ladder

Question 5

___ rules help you know when it’s okay to laugh, when you should be silent, how to behave at work versus at home, and so on.

Answer 5

pragmatic rules

Question 6

types of evasive language?

Answer 6

Euphemisms and equivocation

Question 7

One well-known theory that explains how language affects perceptions is called the

Answer 7

sapir-whorf hypothesis

Question 8

The concept of the coordinated management of meaning (CMM)

Answer 8

Meaning is negotiated

Question 9

Linguistic relativism means that ____

Answer 9

the worldview of a culture is influenced by the language its members speak.

Question 10

What word describes a version of the same language that contains substantially different words and meanings?

Answer 10

Dialect

Question 11

_______ govern how words sound when pronounced.

Answer 11

Phonological rules

Question 12

How do equivocal words differ from equivocation?

Answer 12

Whereas equivocal words can mislead unintentionally, equivocations are always deliberate

Question 13

The tendency of people to dismiss facts they dislike as opinions, and believe that opinions they like are actually facts, is an example of

Answer 13

confirmation bias

Question 14

Relational listening involves

Answer 14

emotionally connecting with others.

Question 15

We process so much information every day—from instructors, friends, social media, TV, and other sources—that we only remember a small part of it, which is called the _______ message.

Answer 15

residual

Question 16

According to some researchers, on average, what percentage of information does a person tend to remember immediately after hearing it?

Answer 16

50 %

Question 17

An attempt at disguising the real meaning of a message, thereby masking a speaker’s true agenda:

Answer 17

counterfeit question

Question 18

Which type of listener only pays attention to the parts of a conversation that are interesting to them?

Answer 18

selective listener

Question 19

“Don’t you agree that I am a pretty good cook?” This is an example of what kind of counterfeit question?

Answer 19

leading question

Question 20

A critical listener should:

Answer 20

examine the speaker’s evidence and reasoning.

Question 21

This type of listener tries to balance “real-world listening” and social listening.

Answer 21

someone who divides attention

Question 22

Which listening style is the best defense against being fooled by “pseudo-profound” assertions—statements that sound smart but are misleading or nonsensical?

Answer 22

mindful

Question 23

Listening fidelity

Answer 23

describes the degree of similarity between what a listener understands and what the sender was attempting to communicate

Question 24

Adriana perceived this question as an invasion of her privacy. Which type of faulty listening behavior was Adriana guilty of?

Answer 24

defensive

Question 25

Which of the following involves the use of silence and statements of encouragement to elicit a response from another person?

Answer 25

prompting

Question 26

Combinations of two or more simultaneous expressions showing different emotions are called

Answer 26

affect blends

Question 27

What is not true about nonverbal communication?

Answer 27

you can avoid it

Question 28

The expectancy violation theory helps explain

Answer 28

how our expectation of how others should behave around us affects our responses to them.

Question 29

The study of how humans use and structure time is called _____

Answer 29

chronemics.

Question 30

Nonverbal behaviors that reinforce the content of a verbal message are called

Answer 30

complementing behaviors.

Question 31

Compared to verbal communication, nonverbal communication has _____

Answer 31

more ambiguity.

Question 32

Most people can accurately detect when someone is lying to them on, approximately, what percentage of occasions?

Answer 32

50 %

Question 33

Nonverbal behaviors that reflect an emotional state are called _____

Answer 33

affect displays

Question 34

According to social scientist Edward Hall, allowing someone to move into your ____________ is usually a sign of trust.

Answer 34

intimate space

Question 35

Postural cues are nonverbal signs for _______ and perceived likability.

Answer 35

Confidence

Question 36

Nonverbal communication includes messages expressed through ____________ means.

Answer 36

non-linguistic means

Question 37

What is not true of eye contact?

Answer 37

Eye contact is understood the same way in all cultures

Question 38

The study of touch is called _____

Answer 38

haptics

Question 39

Speaking loudly to emphasize your anger is an example of ?

Answer 39

paralanguage

Question 40

The process of conveying messages without using words is the definition of

Answer 40

nonverbal communication

Question 41

The study of body movement, facial expression, gesture, and posture is called ____

Answer 41

kinesics.

Question 42

Most scholars agree that __________ factors more heavily influence how men and women nonverbally behave than biological factors.

Answer 42

social

Question 43

The tendency to think that people you don't care for are likely to lie to you means that you have a

Answer 43

deception bias

Question 44

The term that explains how different cultures monitor nonverbal cues—such as looking to the eyes rather than mouth during interactions—is called _____

Answer 44

nonverbal focus

Question 45

Which part of the brain governs nonverbal communication?

Answer 45

the limbic system

Question 46

personal distance is defined as the space ____________ away from another person.

Answer 46

18 inch to 4 feet