Exam 2 Flashcards by Jennifer Bigalke

having 3 or more within-word disfluencies per 100 words normal or atypical disfluency?

atypical disfluency

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T/F: with word finding difficulty confrontation naming is often more difficult than finding the words in spontaneous communication

TRUE

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develop primary focus of communication for academic and personal/social purposes is what age?

adolescence (10-18), specifically 10-14 yo

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disfluencies on more than 10% of syllables spoken considered normal or atypical?

atypical disfluency

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mild dysarthyria with mild word-finding difficulties

broca’s aphasia

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language approach that facilitates functional communication skills of adults with aphasia or possibly clients with pragmatic issues (ex: what to say to hairdresser)

conversational coaching

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T/F: AAC learning curve can be quick or long

TRUE

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loss of affect and attention in this syndrome

right hemisphere syndrome

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_______ (transparent/opaque) icons = resemble their referents

transparent

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this language approach includes using ongoing activities as the basis for the intervention and utilizes operant conditioning techniques of imitation, modeling, and reinforcement into a naturalistic setting

Milieu teaching

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language approach where the target behaviors are taught within a familiar routine (i.e., birthday party)

script therapy

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average pitch a client uses; voice disorder is present if the client uses a pitch two or more tones away from the optimum pitch for his/her age, gender

habitual pitch

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what are the different types of aphasia?

fluency
auditory comprehension
repetition

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is the big mack low, mid, or high tech AAC device?

mid

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______ are visual representations of objects, actions, thoughts, and ideas

symbols

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what is the “catch all” aphasia?

anomic aphasia

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the melodic or rhythmic aspects of speech, encompassing features like pitch, stress, loudness, timing, and rhythm

prosody

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paraphasia where you group like things together (says chair for table)

semantic

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do aided AAC devices have low or high symbolism?

high symbolism

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basis: auditory processing impairments underlie aphasia
purpose: stress intensive auditory stimulation controlled for length, rate, & loudness
- establishing rapport and promoting self-esteem is very important
-useful for any type of aphasia

schuell’s stimulation approach

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judgements based on:
- too loud
- too soft/quiet
- mono loudness
- limited variation
- excessive variation

are all considered for voice evaluations under ______?

intensity

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How to count for total number of disfluencies in a language sample?

divide total dysfluencies by the total words, change number to %

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what is the least effective cue for word retrieval?

generalization - general statement without specifics is given to the patient

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is revisions/repetitions of words, phrases, or sentences normal or atypical disfluency?

normal disfluency

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T/F: if a child has > 20 foods, they do not have a feeding disorder

TRUE: a child with < 20 foods has a feeding disorder

duration of a single instance of disfluency that exceeds two seconds, normal or atypical?

atypical

what are barriers impacting AAC acquisition?

- motor impairments - buy in - comorbidities - prelinguistic - views on disability - visual impairments - AAC availability - chronic or acute conditions - caregiver knowledge - cognitive impairment - sensory needs

how do you determine pitch for a voice evaluation?

use a piano or pitch pipe

T/F: you always need a physicians referral to do a voice eval.

TRUE

What is the normal sustained /s/ in children and adults?

children = 10 seconds adults = 20 seconds

over what percentage of disfluency in a language sample could be considered a problem?

> 5%

vocational is added at what age?

adolescence (10-18), specifically 14-16 yo

What are the steps to the stuttering modification/management intervention technique?

1. self-analysis (client teaches SLP how they stutter) 2. relaxation 3. desensitization 4. 3-part sequence: cancellation, pull-outs, preparatory sets

when an aphasia patient provides information about the word but does not name the desired word

circumlocutions

during a disfluency, speaker taught to stop in the middle, mentally rehearse the word and then reproduce is what part of the 3-part sequence for the stuttering modification/management intervention technique?

pull-outs

what are the four types for a hybrid approach?

1. milieu teaching 2. script therapy 3. focused stimulation 4. conversational coaching

this aphasia is usually fluent but gibberish

Wernicke's aphasia

What are important information to take during voice evals?

- case hx - resp. support - intensity levels - conversational sample - quality - pitch - resonance - prosody

what is an objective way to measure resonance?

nasometer, spirometer, etc.

this type of milieu teaching requires the clinician to wait on the client's initiation (verbal or non verbal)

incidental teaching

this language therapy includes waiting for client to initiate, interpret the behavior, and responding to the behavior. Includes facilitative play, daily activities, daily routines, etc.

Client center (orientated) approach

what language therapy approach is used most often?

hybrid approach

AAC supports _______ people's communication

ALL

vowel neutralization during repetitions (e.i., buh-buh-beat) normal or atypical disfluency?

atypical disfluency

- verbal language more complex - literacy - basic decoding and reading fluency - spelling and written composition

school-age (5-10)

this aphasia is when all aspects of language are impaired

global aphasia

questions are posed by the clinician providing a model for the target behavior (ex: you do like it or your don't like it?)

forced alternatives

inability to recognize familiar people by their facial features due to posterior RH damage

prosopagnosia, happens with right hemisphere syndrome

too little resonance = ?

hyponasality

what are two AAC intervention approaches?

1. language stimulation 2. modeling without expectation

communication for personal/social/career is at what age?

adolescence (10-18), specifically 16-20

sensory, receptive, or posterior aphasia

Wernicke's aphasia

too much resonance = ?

hypernasality

what are examples of abusive behavior for voice issues?

- smoking - alcohol - excessive caffeine use - dehydration - smoking - mouth breathing - singing, acting, yelling

paraphasia where one makes up a word that doesn't exist (i.e., flurb)

neologisms

naming or word-finding difficulties

anomia

are normal rhythm and stress patterns and/or no tension or tremors noted normal or atypical disfluencies?

normal disfluency

predominant use of prolongations, blocks, and part-word repetitions, normal or atypical disfluency?

atypical disfluency

a client's ______ ________ skills helps know the type of symbol to use with AAC

symbol representation

What are the three respiratory support mechanisms?

1 clavicular breathing 2 diaphragmatic-thoracic breathing 3 thoracic breathing

localization, joint attention, mutual gaze, vocalizations, communicative intent, symbolic play are what age group?

infants

what language approach uses false assertions and forced alternatives?

focused stimulation

what is a quick way to determine optimal pitch for a client?

1. cough 2. yawn/sigh 3. answer Y/N questions with mhmm and hmm

what are the 7 lexical retrieval error types?

1. delayed response 2. self-correction 3. circumlocutions 4. neologisms 5. paraphasias 6. perseveration 7. no response

when a client sustain each phoneme while you time with a stopwatch. repeat each phoneme twice. compare the longest /s/ and /z/. divide the /s/ time by the /z/ time to get the ratio. if you have a ratio of _____ or greater, possible vocal fold pathology is involved

1.2 or greater

what are signs and symptoms of a pediatric feeding disorder?

- inappropriate mealtime behaviors (temper tantrums) - lack of self-feeding - food selectivity - failure to advance textures from puree to table food - food refusal - oral sensorimotor immaturity or dysfunction - aspiration or swallowing problems - frequent gagging or vomiting

what is the most effective cue for word retrieval?

repetition - target word is given to patient as model

dysphonias related to vocal abuse/misuse or psychogenic factors in the absence of an identifiable physical etiology is what type of voice disorder?

functional voice disorder

awareness of one's own problem-solving abilities/self-regulating behaviors (usually in latter adolescence)

metacognitive/executive functioning

T/F: auditory comprehension is usually pretty good with broca's aphasia

TRUE

choosing symbols the client understands promotes _____ & ________

learning & communication

clinician controlled (ex: stimulus, behavior (response), consequence (reinforcement)) is what approach for language therapy? May include drill, drill play, clinician modeling

clinician directed approach

what are the two types of milieu teaching?

1. incidental teaching 2. mand-model

what are the causes of pediatric feeding disorder?

medical, nutritional, feeding skills, psychosocial

when clinicians purposefully make mistakes

false assertions

are hesitations and/or interjections of sounds, syllables, or words normal or atypical disfluencies?

normal disfluency

T/F: symbolic representation can change over time

TRUE

How many words do you need for a language sample?

500

patients with this may confabulate about their disabilities, may deny their limbs belong to them, have left neglect, topographic impairment

right hemisphere syndrome

when sounds preceding or following a nasal consonant are also nasalized

assimilative nasality

What are the three types of intervention techniques for stuttering?

1. fluency shaping 2. delayed auditory feedback 3. stuttering Modification/Mangement

an example of AAC with high tech?

computer, ipad, etc.

purpose: functional conversational communication for all types of aphasia - client chooses turn-taking mode - emphasize effective exchange of info, not linguistic precision - 3 phases

promoting aphasic communication effectiveness (PACE)

paraphasia where you switch phonemes (i.e., kife for knife)

literal/phonemic

purpose of this is to encourage patients to produce words that are semantically related to the target word

semantic feature analysis

result from pathology or disease that affects the anatomy or physiology of the larynx and other regions of the vocal tract is what type of voice disorder?

organic voice disorder

speaker encouraged to anticipate an imminent disfluency and pause briefly to mentally rehearse fluent production before the word is attempted is what part of the 3-part sequence for the stuttering modification/management intervention technique?

preparatory sets

Broca's aphasia is left or right side of brain?

Left

this includes self-talk, parallel talk (client and physician talking), expansions (syntax), extensions (expatiations-semantics), recasts (completely change what patient is saying)

facilitative play in client centered approach for language therapy

T/F: there are requirements and/or prerequisites to use AAC

FALSE, there are no requirements or prerequisites

T/F: patients with anomic aphasia have greater success naming words that are nouns, shorter in length, more frequently used

TRUE

presence of secondary behaviors/increased tension normal or atypical for disfluencies?

atypical

________ (transparent/opaque) icons = do not resemble their referents

opaque

during a disfluency, speaker is encouraged to complete the words without attempting to break out of the disfluency is what part of the 3-part sequence for the stuttering modification/management intervention technique?

cancellations

uncontrolled or abrupt changes in pitch or loudness normal or atypical for disfluency?

atypical

what are the two types of voice disorders?

organic vs functional

denial of illness

anosagnosia

T/F: it's best to have a variety of AAC tools in one's AAC toolbox

TRUE

what are some red flags for assessment with pediatric feeding disorders?

- ongoing poor weight gain, weight loss - ongoing choking, gagging, coughing, during meals - food range < 20 foods - inability to accept any table food solids by 12 months - has not weaned off most/all baby foods by 16 M - aversion/avoidance of all foods in specific texture or food group

what are the three phases of PACE?

1: everyday object picture cards 2: verb picture cards 3: story-sequence picture cards

motor aphasia or expressive aphasia

broca's aphasia

What are examples of case hx items to take during a voice eval?

- abusive behaviors (i.e., alcohol intake, caffeine, smoking, yelling, etc) - medical aspects - medications - reflux - other organic issues (i.e., edema, cancer, etc)

this refers to the degree to which a symbol looks like its referent

iconicity

brown's morphemes semantic relations literacy emerging what age group?

preschool (2-5)

a previously used word, now incorrect for the new task, is uttered for the desired word

perseveration

Exam 2 Flashcards

(105 cards)