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Christian Theology II > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

Comprehensive Exam (88 cards)

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1
Q

In what TENSE does Soteriology deal with? What is the Chain?

A

Past, Present, and Future; Foreknew-Predestined-Called-Justified-Glorified

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2
Q

What is the Theological definition for: Salvation is for God and His glory

A

Soteriology is theocentric and doxological

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3
Q

How can salvation be seen as a major theme of the Old Testament?

A

Every time that Israel is delivered from their enemies/bondage it points to salvation

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4
Q

Why is humanity in need of salvation?

A

We are enslaved and in bondage to sin. We are inherently unrighteous in our nature and our choices.

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5
Q

What is grace?

A

The unmerited favor of God to those who have forfeited it

WHY; BEFORE

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6
Q

What is election?

A

God’s choice in saving certain people for salvation (predestination speaks of election from the perspective of God’s sovereignty while foreknowledge speaks of election from the perspective of God’s love)

WHY; BEFORE

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7
Q

What is foreknowledge?

A

God’s predetermined plan to enter into an intimate personal saving relationship with those whom He has chosen based on His love.

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8
Q

What is predestination?

A

God’s eternal choice of those who will be saved and those who will be passed over and condemned for their sin

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9
Q

What is calling?

A

God’s summons of humans to salvation

HOW; WHEN

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10
Q

What is regeneration?

A

The work of the Holy Spirit in creating a new life in the sinful and spiritually dead person

Instantaneous, divine impartation of spiritual life into the spiritually dead sinner

HOW; WHEN

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11
Q

What is conversion?

A

The divinely enabled response to God’s gracious provision of salvation by turning to God through faith and turning away from sin through repentance

HOW; WHEN

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12
Q

What is faith?

A

Conviction, belief, and trust in the promises of God in Christ

WHAT; WHEN

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13
Q

What is repentance?

A

Godly sorrow for one’s sin and a resolve to turn from it produced through divine regeneration

WHAT; WHEN

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14
Q

What is union with Christ?

A

The believer is identified with Christ and united to Him which connects the believer to Christ in spiritual intimacy with His death, burial, resurrection, and enthronement

WHAT; WHEN

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15
Q

What is justification?

A

A declaration that the person has been restored to a state of righteousness through belief and trust in the work of Christ

WHAT; WHEN

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16
Q

What is adoption?

A

The believer is given a new status and placed into a relationship with God through Christ with the rights and privileges of a son

WHAT; WHEN

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17
Q

What is indwelling?

A

The presence of the Holy Spirit within the life of the believer

WHAT; WHEN

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18
Q

What is sealing?

A

The Holy Spirit is given to the believer as a pledge and promise of future inheritance in glory for the one whom God owns and protects

WHAT; WHEN

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19
Q

What is spiritual baptism?

A

The Spirit places Christians into the body of Christ, the church, at the moment a person puts faith in Christ as Savior and Lord

WHAT; WHEN

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20
Q

What is sanctification?

A

A reference to initial salvation (positional sanctification), and also to progressively growing in Christlikeness (progressive sanctification), which will ultimately lead to final sanctification (glorification)

WHAT; AFTER

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21
Q

What is glorification?

A

The final step in the process of salvation involving the completion of sanctification and the removal of all spiritual defects

WHEN; AFTER

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22
Q

What aspects of the Godhead are attributed with a role in salvation?

A

ALL! The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit

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23
Q

What is the anthropological constitution of salvation?

A

Deals with the whole man (Body and Soul/Spirit)

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24
Q

The effects of salvation deal with all ____ and the benefits are ____ _____ ______, which are felt by ___ ______ with ______

A

Sin; Every Spiritual Blessing; All Believers, Certainty

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25
What is the Latin phrase for "Order of Salvation"?
Ordo Salutis
26
The Order of Salvation
1. Foreknowledge/Predestin./Election (Prior to Salvation) 2. Effectual Call/Regeneration (At the Moment of Salvation) 3. Conversion (ATM of Salvation) 4. Justification (ATM of Salvation) 5. Adoption (ATM of Salvation) 6. Sanctification (During the Life of the Believer) 7. Perseverance (During the Life of the Believer) 8. Glorification (In the Future-Eschatological)
27
What is Common Grace?
God's unmerited favor toward all people is displayed in His general care of them. Its benefits are applied to all of mankind regardless of gender, race, location, or time period
28
Two Aspects of Common Grace
1. It can be resisted 2. It does not save
29
What is Special/Saving Grace?
The unmerited favor of God through which He redeems, sanctifies, and glorifies those He has chosen who deserve only judgment
30
Two Aspects of Saving Grace
1. It cannot be resisted 2. It is essential for salvation
31
What is the difference between grace vs. the law?
The Law is powerless to bring salvation. It reveals sin and is a tutor that points us to Christ, but that is all
32
Truths about Election:
1. Based entirely on God's grace 2. According to the good pleasure and purpose of a sovereign God 3. Never connected to someone's actions or personal choice
33
What does it mean to ordain/appoint?
To arrange beforehand, appoint, or determine
34
What is individual election for service?
God chooses and elects certain people to an office or to perform a specific task (EX. Moses, Zerubbabel, prophets)
35
What is corporate election?
God chooses and elects certain nations or groups (EX. Nation of Israel)
36
What is individual election for salvation?
God chooses and elects certain individuals for salvation
37
Is election connected to reprobation?
Yes; it is both God's choice of whom He has chosen to elect for salvation and whom He has chosen to leave in their condemned state
38
What is Individual Conditional Election?
God chooses those who in their free will choose Him. Salvation is synergistic in that the human will freely cooperate with God's grace Man takes the initiative in salvation
39
Who are the main proponents of Individual Conditional Election?
1. Semi-Pelagians 2. Roman Catholicism 3. Arminianism
40
What is Unconditional Election?
Election is the free and sovereign choice of God, made in eternity past, to set his love on certain individuals, and, on the basis of nothing in themselves but solely because of the good pleasure of his will, to choose them to be saved from sin and damnation and to inherit the blessings of eternal life through the mediatorial work of Christ God took the initiative in salvation
41
What is atonement?
The aspect of the work of Christ, and particularly His death, that secures the restoration of fellowship between individual believers and God
42
What is the cause and source of God's atoning work?
LOVE!
43
The _____ is central to the atonement because of mankind's sin and God's just wrath in which Christ's death appeases this wrath
Justice of God
44
What does the term "atone" mean in the OT?
"To cover" 1. Consecration 2. Purification 3. Forgiveness
45
What is the Day in the OT most closely linked to atonement?
The Day of Atonement; describes the characteristics of "atonement" for the nation of Israel
46
What is the two-fold nature of atonement?
The cleansing and removing of sin from the nation
47
What is key about the text Isaiah 52:13-53:12?
It predicts the substitutionary role of the suffering servant of God
48
What is ransom?
Christ's death was a payment needed to free a slave or prisoner in bondage
49
What is sacrifice?
Christ's death was a sacrifice for the payment of sins. This is a general term used for an aminal in the OT's prescription for sacrificial worship to God
50
What is substitution?
Christ's death was a substitutionary death, bearing the punishment rightly due sinners with their guilt being imputed to Him so that He bore their punishment
51
What is redemption?
Christ's death was the purchase price for freedom from the slavery of sin
52
What is propitiation?
Christ's death satisfied the righteous wrath of God through a substitutionary sacrifice
53
What is reconciliation?
Christ's death brings peace with God and man where there was once wrath upon man because of sin
54
What is the Ransom Theory of Atonement?
The death of Christ was a ransom sacrifice paid to Satan in exchange for the bondage and debt on the souls of humanity as a result of inherited sin Focuses on Satan and not the penalty paid for sin
55
What is the Satisfaction Theory of Atonement?
The death of Christ satisfied God's wounded honor not God's wrath Focus on His wounded honor rather than on the appeasement of God's righteous wrath
56
What is the Moral Influence Theory of Atonement?
The purpose and work of Jesus Christ was to bring positive moral change to humanity. His death was an example of how humanity should act. Focus on influencing morality rather than His death sufficiently paying for sin and appeasing the holy wrath of God
57
What is the Recapitulation Theory of Atonement?
Christ recapitulates (repeats) Adam's life and experience Neglects the aspect of appeasing God's wrath
58
What is the Governmental Theory of Atonement?
The death of Christ is a token payment for sin and not a full payment for the actual sins of people- God's moral order and government of the universe had been upheld The death of Christ is only a minimal payment rather than the satisfaction of God's full wrath for the sins of the people
59
What did the atonement do?
Through His death, He bore the penalty of our sins and appeased (propitiated) the wrath of God
60
Foundation Characteristics of His Death
1. Christ paid the full penalty of our sins 2. Christ was the substitutionary sacrifice in our place 3. Christ propitiated/satisfied God's righteous wrath 4. Christ reconciled us to God
61
What is our view of Atonement called?
Penal Substitution
62
What is Universalism?
Atonement is provided for all and obtained for all Result: Everyone is saved
63
What is Unlimited/General Atonement?
Atonement is provided for all and obtained for the elect Result: Christ paid the sins of all, but His death is only applied to those who were chosen by God
64
What is Limited/Particular Atonement?
Atonement is provided for the elect and obtained for the elect Result: Christ died as a substitute for the elect alone ACTUAL, not just provisional
65
What is divine calling?
Refers to the call of God that invites and draws the unsaved person to Christ in a saving relationship
66
What is the external call?
The verbal proclamation of the gospel given to all sinners, calling them to turn from their sin and trust in Christ for salvation Universal and can be resisted The means by which He brings about His internal call
67
What is the internal call?
The action of God in which He gives life to the spiritually dead sinner, enabling them to respond in repentance and faith Effectual/Cannot be resisted
68
What are the three elements of the external call?
1. The holiness of God 2. The sinfulness of man 3. The work of Christ in accomplishing redemption
69
What are the historic views on conversion?
1. A human work (Pelagianism and liberal) 2. Cooperation with Grace (Arminian) 3. Linked to the sacraments (Roman Catholics) 4. Divinely enabled human response (Calvinists)
70
Aspects of repentance
Negative aspect of conversion-- turning AWAY from sin and toward God Change of mind Emotional, Vertical, Volitional
71
Aspects of faith
Positive aspect of conversion--"confiding trust" in God Knowledge, Conviction, Trust
72
Roles within regeneration
1. The Author- God 2. The Basis- Work of Christ 3. The Agent- Holy Spirit 4. The Instrument- The Word of God
73
Is regeneration the cause or the consequence of saving faith?
The Cause
74
Metaphors of our Union with Christ
1. Owner + Slave 2. Shepherd + Sheep 3. Vine + Branches 4. Father, Son, and Believer 5. Husband and Wife 6. A Building and Stones
75
Summary of Justification
1. Source - Grace 2. Basis- Shed blood of Christ 3. Means- Faith alone 4. Result- Forgiveness of sin 5. Evidence- Godly works
76
Where does the term adoption come from?
Roman custom and legal ceremony wherein an adopted son was given all the rights of a natural-born son
77
What concept does sealing point to?
Ownership and protection
78
What concept does pledging point to?
Down payment and deposit
79
What does Spirit Baptism identify the believer with?
1. The Death of Christ 2. The Church of Christ
80
What is the difference between justification and sanctification?
Justification removed the guilt of sin (ATM of Salvation), while sanctification is the process of removing the pollution of sin (Ongoing) J: Work of Christ For Us S: Work of Christ In Us
81
What is positional sanctification?
The Christian is set aside for God's possession and is declared holy by faith in Christ
82
What is progressive sanctification?
Process of being increasingly set apart from sin toward a moral conformity to the image of Christ "Old man/new man" / "Old nature/new nature" Increases throughout one's life, is never completed until death
83
What are the negative and positive elements of sanctification?
Negative: Mortification of the old nature Positive: Bringing to life the new nature
84
What is perseverance?
The teaching that those who are genuine believers will endure in faith to the end Tied to the concept of eternal security
85
What is eternal security?
God secures and guarantees the final salvation of all true believers and will cause them to persevere in His grace Believer's security is grounded in the Triune Godhead's work Connects preservation and perseverance
86
What is the Roman Catholic View of Eternal Security?
Salvation can be lost or forfeited by a commission of a mortal sin
87
What is the Arminian View of Eternal Security?
Conditional perseverance; possible for a true believer to fall away from the faith
88

Christian Theology II (3 decks)

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