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Christian Theology II > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Covenant Theology?

A

Framework for biblical interpretation which views all of biblical history (OT + NT) through two (or three) theological covenants: Covenant of Works, Covenant of Grace, and Covenant of Redemption

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2
Q

In Covenant Theology, what are considered the overarching themes of the Bible?

A

Theological Covenants
(Noahic, Abrahamic, Mosaic, David, and New)

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3
Q

What is the hermeneutic of Covenant Theology?

A
  1. NT priority over OT
  2. Typology (OT simply types and shadows the NT replaces)
  3. OT prophecies and promises
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4
Q

In Covenant Theology, when is the Davidic/Messianic Kingdom in full operation?

A

Between the two advents of Christ

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5
Q

In Covenant Theology, what is the relationship between the church and Israel?

A

The church is the new/true Israel that supersedes national Israel’s place as the people of God

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6
Q

In Covenant Theology, is the Mosaic Covenant still in effect today?

A

Yes, it is still in effect for the NT believer (at least aspects of it)

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7
Q

In Covenant Theology, what is the Covenant of Works?

A

Covenant made with Adam promising eternal life to him and his offspring on condition of obedience, but making the penalty of Adam’s disobedience to be corruption and death of all his posterity.

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8
Q

In Covenant Theology, what is the Covenant of Grace?

A

Because Adam sinned, God graciously agreed to promise salvation through faith in the Messiah, and the sinner upon acceptance of this is given eternal life. The parties of this covenant are God and the people whom He will redeem.

Extends from Genesis 3 onward

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9
Q

In Covenant Theology, what is the Covenant of Redemption?

A

Agreement of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, in which the Son agreed to become a man, be our representative, obey the demands of the covenant of works on our behalf, and pay the penalty for sin, which we deserved. Father agreed to send His Son and Spirit agreed to do the will of the Father and empower the Son in His ministry.

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10
Q

What is Amillennialism?

A

There will be no period of earthly reign of Christ either before or after His second coming. Millennial reign of Christ is now being realized and the binding of Satan and the 1,000 year reign are currently happening in the present age of the church.

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11
Q

What is Postmillennialism?

A

The church will usher in the kingdom by the advancement of the gospel. There 1000 years is figurative for a long period of time. There will be a golden era of righteousness through the advancement of the gospel before the return of Christ.

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12
Q

What is Covenantal (Historical) Premillennialism?

A

After the Second Coming of Christ, He will reign over the earth before the final consummation of God’s redemptive purpose in the new heaven and new earth of the Age to come. Historical Premil. is a mixture of covenant theology because it would agree that the church is spiritual Israel, while at the same time it would agree with dispensationalism that there will be a literal, earthly reign of Jesus Christ upon the earth.

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13
Q

What is Dispensational Theology?

A

A theological system of biblical interpretation that seeks to understand the plan of God in light of how He works in different eras/ages based upon a literal-grammatical-historical hermeneutic

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14
Q

What is a dispensation?

A

A distinguishable economy or historical epoch in the plan of God. They are different ways of God ruling the world, not different ways of salvation

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15
Q

What are the essential beliefs of dispensational theology?

A
  1. Consistent use of a literal-grammatical-hermeneutic
  2. Biblical Covenants that are explicitly revealed are central to understanding God’s unfolding plan that includes Israel and the nations
  3. The Church and Israel are distinct
  4. National Israel will be saved and restored in a physical kingdom on earth with a unique role
  5. Futurist- future premillennialism; most of the book of Revelation happens in the future
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16
Q

What does the word “Ekklesia” mean?

A

Assembly
(Ek- out / Kaleo- to call)

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17
Q

Where did we get the English term for church?

A

The Scottish word - “kirk”
The German word- “Kirche”

Comes from the Greek Kuriakos, which means belonging to the Lord or the Lord’s House

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18
Q

Definition of the Church

A

The New Covenant Community of God as it exists in this dispensation between the events of Acts 2 (Day of Pentacost) through the rapture of the Church prior to the Day of the Lord.

Universal in nature, manifested in local churches.

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19
Q

What does “I will build My church; and the gates of Hades will not overpower it: mean?

A

Possessive- Belongs to Christ
Future- Not a past reality
Protection- it will persist

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20
Q

What is a biblical mystery?

A

A revelational matter previously secret (unrevealed) that is now disclosed

The mystery of the church is that Jews and Gentiles are equal in this new organism

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21
Q

What are the five views of when the church started?

A
  1. Adam
  2. Abraham
  3. Earthly ministry of Jesus
  4. Day of Pentecost
  5. Ministry of Paul (Ultradispensational)
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22
Q

What are the biblical metaphors of the church?

A
  1. Body
  2. Bride
  3. Building
  4. Temple
  5. Priesthood
  6. Family
  7. Flock
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23
Q

What is the purpose of the church?

A
  1. Truth
  2. Worship
  3. Teaching
  4. Gospel Proclamation
  5. Equipping
  6. Sound Doctrine
  7. Spiritual Growth
  8. Communion
  9. Prayer
  10. Meeting Needs
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24
Q

The Early NT Church in Acts and the NT locals churches were…

A

Organized

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25
What is the episcopal view of the church?
Holds that authority resides in a particular office--the bishop Bishop is the central authority
26
Who holds to the Episcopal view of the church?
1. Roman Catholic Church 2. Eastern Orthodox 3. Anglicanism (England)
27
What is Presbyterianism?
The primary authority is with the rule of assemblies of presbyters, or elders
28
What is congregationalism?
The governing power rests ultimately with the people of the local church
29
What is the No Government Form of Congregationalism?
- The Holy Spirit governs the church - The congregation has the authority since all are believer priests
30
What is the Single Elder Authority (Single Pastor) Form of Congregationalism?
- Congregation elects the pastor to the elder over the church - No elder board but often another board of deacons or trustees
31
What is the Democratic Congregationalism Form of Congregationalism?
- Congregation of the local church has the ruling authority over the church - Everything must come to a congregational meeting - Ignores the importance of elders
32
What is the Plural Elders Form of Congregationalism?
- Always more than one elder so that authority never resides with only one person - Senior pastor is one among several elders
33
What does the term elder mean?
Term means "an older person" Connotation of being wise and mature
34
What does the term pastor mean?
Term means "shepherd" Connotation of guidance and protection
35
What does the term bishop mean?
Term means "overseer, watching, guardian" Connotation of care and concern
36
What three terms all mean the same office?
Elder, Pastor, Bishop
37
What are deacons?
Describes a servant or helper in the church
38
What is a sacrament?
Something sacred or consecrated; includes baptism and the Lord's Supper Roman Catholics use this word
39
What is an ordinance?
Emphasizes the fact that these rites were ordained by the Lord, with no thought of them as actual conveyors of grace, but rather as symbols
40
What do Roman Catholics view as the number of sacraments?
7 Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist (Communion), Penance, Marriage, Ordination, Extreme Unction (Death)
41
What is the number of Protestant Ordinances?
2 Baptism and Communion
42
What is the purpose of sacraments from three views?
1. Roman Catholics: infused with grace and necessary for salvation 2. Many Reformed Protestants: a "means of grace" when received by faith 3. Baptists and Other Protestants: Sacraments/Ordinances testify God's grace already received (not something God does in or for us) / Pictures and symbols of salvific truths that were accomplised by God
43
What is baptism? And what are the three views on the mode?
Term means "to immerse" 1. Sprinkling 2. Pouring 3. Immersion (how the early church did it)
44
What are other names for Communion?
1. The Lord's Supper 2. Eucharist 3. Breaking of the Bread 4. The Lord's Table
45
When was the inauguration of the Lord's Supper?
Upper Room during the Passover celebration before Christ's death and crucifixion
46
What is Transubstantiation?
Catholic Position: The priest actually changes the bread and the wine into the body and blood of Christ. Grace from Christ is infused in the elements and then imparted to the believer
47
What is Consubstantiation?
Lutheran View: For every molecule of bread there is a molecule of the body of Christ. For every molecule of wine there is a molecule of blood His body and blood are present in, on, with, and among the elements of the Lord's Supper
48
What is Spiritual/Mystical Communion?
Dynamic or Spiritual Presence Christ present spiritually
49
What is Communion as a Symbolic Memorial?
There are visible elements present to remind us of Christ No grace conveyed in any special way; encourages a believer in their faith
50
What is eschatology?
The study of the last things or of what is to take place in the future
51
What is prophecy?
The authoritative declaration or speaking on behalf of God with the focus upon divine revelation--often connected to what is to come in the future
52
What is Premillennialism?
Christ's 2nd coming occurs before His kingdom. Christ will return and then set up his earthly reign for a period of one thousand years
53
What is the Rapture?
The sudden catching up of the church to be with Christ in the air
54
What is the Tribulation?
The future seven-year period of God's judgment upon the world, judging an unbelieving world and His disobedient people, Israel
55
What is the Millennial Kingdom?
The period of a thousand years of Christ's physical reign on earth
56
What is the Pre-Trib Rapture View?
Rapture occurs before the great tribulation, effectively removing the Church from God's wrath Functions as a rescue mission by which Jesus delivers his church from the divine wrath of the tribulation
57
What is the Mid-Trib Rapture View?
The church goes through the first half of the tribulation but then is raptured at the midpoint (3.5 years) to avoid the wrath of God that characterizes this latter period of Daniel's seventieth week Sparing the believer the intensity of the second half of the tribulation, while experiencing the first half for purification
58
What is the Post-Trib Rapture View?
The post-tribulation rapture occurs at the time of the second coming and is the initial phase of Jesus' bodily return
59
What is the Pre-Wrath Rapture View?
Teaches that the rapture will occur somewhere in the latter part of the tribulation and removes the church from the bowl judgments that bring the wrath of God Occurs after the mid-point of the tribulation
60
What is the Partial-Rapture Theory?
Teaches that believers will be removed from the earth as they are spiritually ready Not one set rapture event-but continual rapture events as individuals realize the necessary spiritual state
61
What are the purposes of the rapture?
1. To fulfill God's promises to Israel 2. To fulfill God's promises to the Church 3. To show a change in the era of biblical history (God's judgment on earth) 4. To provide hope for believers who have died or who are alive 5. To give perspective on how ungodly mankind will become without the presence of the church
62
What is the Bema Seat/Judgment Seat?
A platform on which a civil magistrate sits during judicial proceedings. The term is used of the evaluation and judgment of true believers' work rendered by Jesus Christ An event for church saints that follows the rapture of the church and takes place in heaven
63
What is the ultimate result of the Bema Seat?
The adornment of the bride of Christ for the marriage of the Lamb
64
What are the names of the Tribulation?
1. The Day of the Lord 2. The Great Tribulation 3. Time of Jacob's Distress 4. The Great Day of Wrath 5. 70th Week of Daniel
65
What are the reasons for the tribulation?
1. To fulfill God's prophetic outline in Daniel 9:24-27 2. To judge the earth 3. To discipline Israel 4. To save many during the time of judgment 5. To bring repentance and salvation to Israel
66
What characterizes the Tribulation Judgments?
Predominantely sequential and reveal escalating judgments from God against an unbelieving world and the kingdom of the antichrist
67
What are the types of judgments?
Seal, Trumpet, Bowl
68
What is the Marriage of the Lamb?
Emphasizes the church's union with Christ Follows the judgment seat of Christ and before His second coming to the earth
69
What is the focal point of all prophetic events?
The Second Coming of Jesus Christ-The Return of the King Transitions from the present evil age to the righteous age Starting point for the millennial reign of Jesus over the earth
70
What are the two phases of the second coming?
1. Rapture 2. Kingdom
71
What are the characteristics of the second coming?
1. A personal return (Not representative) 2. Visible and physical, not mystical 3. Connected to God's glory 4. Attended by the angelic realm 5. With His saints 6. Precedes His physical messianic kingdom
72
What is the mediatorial kingdom?
the rule of God through a divinely chosen representative
73
What is the universal kingdom?
His rule over the universe that He has created
74
What are the purposes of the Millennial Kingdom?
1. To fulfill the mandate for man to rule the world 2. To fulfill the promises and biblical covenants 3. To provide a righteous world kingdom that contrasts the evil kingdoms in history 4. To show the complete reversal of the effects of sin upon the earth including creation and society 5. To display God's faithfulness to His promises to His people and goodness upon the earth
75

Christian Theology II (3 decks)

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