Exam 2 Flashcards
(270 cards)
0
Q
What are the parts of the central nervous system?
A
Spinal cord & brain stem
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
1
Q
What is the goal of the central nervous system?
A
To receive sensory inputs, and process those imputs, and then coordinate a response in terms of voluntary action in emotions and thoughts
2
Q
What are the afferents and efferents of the CNS?
A
Spinal nerves & cranial nerves
3
Q
What two places is the cerebral spinal fluid located?
A
In the ventricles and central canal
4
Q
Where are cerebral neurons located?
A
Cerebral cortex
5
Q
Cell bodies of neurons are called?
A
Gray matter
6
Q
Axon fibers of neurons are called?
A
White matter
7
Q
The giant fiber bridge that connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum is called?
A
Corpus callosum
8
Q
The bulging part of a wrinkle on the cortex is called?
A
Gyrus
9
Q
The valley of the fold (in between the wrinkles) is called?
A
Sulcus
10
Q
Describe the significance of the wrinkles in a brain
A
The more connections between parts the cortex, the greater the SA but also the more wrinkly the brain: the axons try to minimize distance between connected neurons
11
Q
What are some output nerves/ganglion/neurons?
A
Cranial motor nerves Motor neurons Motor nerve Autonomic ganglion Autonomic nerve
12
Q
What are some input nerves/ganglion/neurons?
A
Cranial sensory nerve
Sensory ganglion
13
Q
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
A
12
14
Q
Sensory and motor nerves that come straight to and from the brain are called?
A
Cranial nerves
15
Q
If there’s a stroke in one of the cranial nerve regions, what will happen?
A
There will be a function deficit
16
Q
Cranial nerve number 2 is called?
A
Optic nerve
17
Q
The brain’s own circulatory system is called?
A
Cerebral spinal fluid
18
Q
Where does the cerebral spinal fluid drain out through?
A
The spinal cord
19
Q
What does the cerebral spinal fluid do?
A
Provides physical and chemical buffering
20
Q
What do the cells lining the cerebral ventricle do?
A
They convert water from the blood into cerebral spinal fluid
21
Q
A fluid filled chamber is called?
A
Ventricle
22
Q
In an MRI the black shows?
A
Water
23
Q
In an MRI the gray shows?
A
Cell bodies
24
In an MRI the white shows?
Fat, bone
25
How does an MRI work?
Characterizes the local environment of hydrogen atoms
26
The more folds a species' brain has the more ________ a species is.
Smarter
27
Everyone has the same number of _______?
Gyruses
28
The brain is wrinkly because it is needed to increase what?
Surface area
29
The frontal lobe is located where?
The front of the brain
30
The parietal lobe is located where?
The sides of the brain
31
The temporal lobe is located where?
Near the temples
32
The occipital lobe is located what?
Back of the head
33
What are the functions of the frontal lobe?
Voluntary motor control
Personality
Concentration/planning/decision making
Communication
34
What are the functions of the parietal lobe?
Somatesthetic interpretation (muscular sensations)
Understanding speech
Formulating words to express thoughts/emotions
Interpretation of textures and shapes
35
What are the functions of the temporal lobe?
Auditory sensations
| Memory of auditory and visual experiences
36
What is the function of the occipital lobe?
Focusing the eye
Correlation of visual images with previous visual experiences
Conscious perception of vision
37
What is the function of the insula lobe?
Memory
Pain
Visceral integration
38
What are the two deepest/obvious folds?
Central sulcus
| Lateral sulcus
39
Where was the iron bar driven through in Phineas Gage's head?
Prefrontal cortex
40
Where is the somatosensory cortex located?
Right behind the central sulcus
41
What is the function of the somatosensory cortex?
Termination of sensory information coming from the skin
42
Where is the motor cortex located?
Right in front of the central sulcus
43
What is the function of the motor cortex?
Cerebral neurons that initiate movement, sending axons directly and indirectly to spinal moto neurons.
44
Parts of the body with the highest density of sensory receptors get what?
A bigger share of the somatosensory cortex dedicated to processing
45
Parts of the body with the finest motor control (most muscles) get what?
A bigger share of the motor cortex
46
Both somatosensory relays and motor relays __________?
Cross-over
47
Motor neurons descend/ascend down/up the body?
Descend down
48
Sensory neurons descend/ascend down/up the body?
Ascend up
49
If you damage the left cortex above crossing over then what will happen?
You will be paralyzed on the right side of your body
50
What does the brain stem monitor?
Internal chemical signals
51
What does the brainstem control?
Autonomic functions (breathing, heart rate, digestion)
52
The brainstem carries out reflexive functions to respond to what?
Acute (immediate) changes to the bodily function
53
The hypothalamus uses neural and endocrine signals for what?
To monitor peripheral variables
54
What does the hypothalamus control?
Long-term homeostasis
55
If you only had your brainstem and hypothalamus, what would happen?
Your body would function well, but you would be brain dead
56
The hypothalamus has two major outlets, where do they go?
One goes back to the brainstem
| One goes to the pituitary gland
57
Aspirin and ibuprofen reduce fever by?
Blocking COX2 enzyme production of prostaglandins
58
If the set point for body temperature is elevated above normal, then a person will?
Feel cold, start shivering, put on a sweater
59
Parasympathetic neurons cause _______ of the pupil, and this effect can be blocked by applying _________ to the eye.
Constriction
| Atropine
60
Postganglionic neurons of the Parasympathetic nervous system release _________, while most postganglionic neurons of the Sympathetic nervous system release _________.
ACh
| norepinephrine
61
"Sickness syndrome" (fever, loss of appetite, sleepiness) is caused by?
Chemical signals from bacteria and the immune system
62
Sweat glands are innervates by sympathetic neurons, but are different from most sympathetic target tissues, because sweat glands are stimulated by ___________.
ACh
63
Sympathetic neurons cause ________ of the pupil, and this effect can be stimulated by applying _______ to the eye.
Dilation
Cocaine
64
The cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the?
Brainstem and spinal cord
65
The cell bodies of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the?
Spinal cord
66
The neurotransmitter released from preganglionic neurons of both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system is?
ACh
67
The preoptic area of the hypothalamus helps cool the body if body temperature gets too high. So if the preoptic area is damaged, then?
Body temperature will rise (hyperthermia)
68
The receptors on postganglionic neurons are __________, but the receptors on the target tissue of parasympathetic neurons (e.g. Smooth muscle or the heart) are __________.
Nicotinic
| Muscarinic
69
What are the effector organs of the Somatic Motor System?
Skeletal muscles
70
What are the effector organs of the Autonomic Motor System?
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Glands
71
What is the number of neurons from CNS to effector in the Somatic Motor System?
One
72
What is the number of neurons from CNS to effector in the Autonomic Motor System?
Two
73
Is the Autonomic nervous system voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
74
"Fight or flight" represents what nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system
75
Where does the Sympathetic Nervous System have it's ganglia?
Right outside the spinal cord
76
Where do the nerves from the spinal cord run to in the Sympathetic Nervous System?
Run to chain ganglia or collateral ganglia, and then to glands and smooth muscles
77
What are the functions of the Sympathetic Nervous System?
Mobilize energy
Divert blood to muscle
Prepare to fight/flee
78
Where are the ganglia located in the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
Far from the spinal cord
79
Where do the nerves from the brainstem and spinal cord run to in the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
Run to glands and smooth muscle
80
What is the function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
Prepare for digestion
Energy storage
Divert blood flow to gut
81
"Rest and Digest" refers to what nervous system?
Parasympathetic nervous system
82
Where is the parasympathetic nervous system found?
In between the tissues and organs
83
Is the Somatic Motor System voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
84
The Motor Division of the Peripheral Nervous System is divided into what two systems?
Autonomic Nervous System
| Somatic Nervous System
85
In the Somatic nervous system the spinal motor neuron synapses onto what?
Target skeletal muscle
86
What is the two-step projection of the Autonomic nervous system?
1. Spinal/brainstem pre-ganglionic neuron synapses onto post-ganglionic neuron
2. Post-ganglionic neuron synapses onto target smooth muscle
87
What type of muscle has a repetitive pattern (sarcomeres)?
Skeletal muscle
88
Target organs often consist of what type of muscle?
Smooth muscle
89
Smooth muscle is wrapped around what?
Blood vessels
| Glands
90
Smooth muscle, like skeleton muscle, depends on an influx of ________ for contraction.
Calcium
91
For contraction of smooth muscle, the calcium comes from where?
Interstitial fluid
92
T/F: you need neurotransmitter input for smooth muscle
F
93
Describe the path of cell bodies in the spinal cord
Cell bodies in the spinal cord SYNAPSE to.....
Preganglionic neurons, which SYNAPSE to....
Ganglionic neurons -----> ganglia! which send axons to........target organ!
94
Where are collateral ganglia?
Outside of the chain
95
Sympathetic nervous system: fibers coming from the spinal cord to the ganglia are called?
White ramus
96
Sympathetic chain of paravertebral ganglia are connected to spinal roots by what?
White ramus
| Gray ramus
97
"Preganglionic going into ganglion" describes white ramus or gray ramus?
White ramus
98
"Postganglionic leaving out of ganglion" describes white ramus or gray ramus?
Gray ramus
99
In the Sympathetic Chain of Paravertebral Ganglia: Convergence of inputs leaves to ___________ of postganglionic neurons
Mass activation
100
In the Sympathetic Chain of Paravertebral Ganglia: Postganglionic fibers join ______.
Spinal nerves
101
In Splanchnic Nerves: Sympathetic preganglionic fibers below the diaphragm project to?
Collateral ganglia
102
In the Medulla of the Adrenal Glans: Preganglionic fibers stimulate medullary cells to secrete ________ and ________ into the blood.
Epinephrine
| Norepinephrine
103
Modified sympathetic ganglion is called?
Medulla of adrenal gland
104
In the sympathetic nervous system: Preganglionic nerves release ______ to stimulate _______ receptors on post ganglionic cells
ACh
| Nicotinic
105
In the sympathetic nervous system: the postganglionic cells release _____ to stimulate or inhibit target tissues via _______ receptors.
NE
| Adrenergic
106
Where is the adrenal gland located?
On top of the kidney!
107
Where is the medulla located?
Inside adrenal gland
108
______ causes the adrenal gland to release epinephrine directly into the blood stream
Medulla
109
In the Parasympathetic Nervous System: preganglionic cells are located in what level of the spinal cord?
Sacral level
110
In the PNS: the preganglionic fibers travel in what kind of nerves?
Parasympathetic nerves
111
In terminal ganglia in the PNS: preganglionic fibers project to ganglia where?
Near or in the target organ
112
In the terminal ganglia of the PNS: postganglionic cells send short fibers from ____ to target cells
Ganglia
113
In the PNS: preganglionic nerves release ____ to stimulate _____ receptors on postganglionic cells
ACh
| Nicotinic
114
In the PNS: postganglionic cells release _____ to stimulate or inhibit target tissues via _______ receptors
ACh
| Muscarinic
115
The "wandering" nerve is the?
Vagus nerve
116
What is the path of the vagus nerve?
Goes from brain to lungs to stomach
117
Nicotinic receptors are blocked by?
Curare
118
Muscarinic receptors are blocked by?
Atropine
119
Adrenergic receptors are blocked by?
Alpha blockers OR beta blockers
120
Most target organs have ____ ________ by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
Dual innervation
121
The effects of dual innervation are usually _____.
Antagonistic
122
The following organs only receive ________ innervation: adrenal medulla, skin, and most blood vessels.
Sympathetic
123
Muscarinic receptors and Adrenergic receptors are _________ receptors
G-protein-coupled
124
Both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons release _____ to stimulate _________ receptors on postganglionic cells.
ACh
| Nicotinic
125
What are the specific receptor subtypes of Muscarinic receptors?
M1-5
126
What are the specific receptor subtypes of Adrenergic receptors?
Alpha or beta
127
Synapses in passing
Synapses en passant
128
Parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons don't have well defined synapses. Their axons wander through the target tissue. They have what kind of synapses?
En passant synapses
129
A chemical is an ______ if it blocks the action of the transmitter on the receptor
Antagonist
130
How do you know if nicotinic receptors are involved?
If you dropped nicotine on it, you'd get the same effect as ACh
131
Which is ligand gated? Nicotinic ACh receptors or Muscarinic ACh receptors?
Nicotinic ACh receptors
132
Two blood vessels: one receptor makes if dilate, the other makes it constrict. Which is the alpha receptor and which is the beta receptor?
Beta receptor dilates
| Alpha receptor constricts
133
What does injection of cocaine do to the eye?
Increase NE
| Dilation
134
What does injection of atropine do to the eye?
Blocks Muscarinic ACh receptors
| Dilation
135
In lightness, circular muscle ______ and radial muscle _____.
Constricts
| Relaxes
136
In darkness, circular muscle _______ and radial muscle ________
Relaxes
| Constricts
137
PNS or SNS: which constricts the pupil and which dilates the pupil?
PNS constricts
| SNS dilates
138
Sweat glands are controlled by what system?
SNS
139
Sweat glands are activated by what?
ACh
140
What is the name of the condition when disregulation of the Sympathetic nervous system is turned up too much?
Hyperhydrosis
141
How can you cure Hyperhydrosis?
Block ACh
142
What is the name of the condition?: loss of sympathetic innervation of the eye and face on one side
Horner's syndrome
143
The "bad side" of a Horner's syndrome patient has no SNS so the pupil on that side is constricted or dilated?
Constricted
144
Organo phosphates block what?
Degradation of ACh
145
How do you treat organophosphate poisoning?
Use Muscarinic antagonist atropine
146
What two things control the autonomic nervous system?
Hypothalamus
| Brain stem
147
To maintain homeostasis, hypothalamus uses what two control mechanisms?
1. Set point
| 2. Feedback loops
148
What is the core body temp?
37 C
149
During a fever what changes?
The set point (it goes up)
150
What's an example of peripheral temperature sensors?
Skin
151
Heat dissipation represents what thermoregulatory site of integration?
Preoptic area(COLD)
152
Heat conservation represents what thermoregulatory site of integration?
Posterior area(HOT)
153
The preoptic area stimulates what?
Panting, sweating
154
The posterior area stimulates what?
Shivering
155
Hot flashes: lack of estrogen causes occasional what?
Lowering of set point
156
Secretion of thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) to increase thyroid hormone (TH) to increase ____?
Metabolism
157
LPS induces synthesis and release of pro inflammatory _______ from activated immune system cells.
Cytokines
158
If you block _____ you don't get a fever!
COX2
159
Thermoregulation uses both ______ and ______ sensors
Peripheral & central
160
Infection causes "sickness" by INDIRECTLY affecting the hypothalamus through what two types of signaling?
Humoral
| Nervous
161
Cytokines and prostaglandins signal the presence of ______?
Infection
162
_______ stimulate the apex of the basilar membrane; while _______ stimulates it's base. _________ is encoded by the frequency of action potential firing of the auditory nerve.
Low pitch sound waves
High pitch sound waves
Volume
163
The bending of tufts of _______ that project out of a hair cell and into endolymph changes the probability that ion channels will open and close. The direction that these tufts bend will result in action potential frequency __________.
Stereocilia
| Increases or decreases
164
_______ generates speech via projections to the motor cortex and ______ extracts meaning from words and integrates words with vision.
Broca's area
| Wernicke's area
165
The ________ is where there is a lack of photoreceptors in the eye because all of the blood vessels and axons of the eye have to exit somewhere. This causes you to have a _______ in your vision.
Optic disc
| Blind spot
166
In the light, a rod cell will ________ of neurotransmitters on a _________; which will them release transmitters on the next cell in the series of cells in the retina.
Decrease release
| Bipolar cell
167
A bar of light is shining on both the center area and the surround area of an off-center ganglion cell. What would you expect to happen to this cells action potential firing rate?
The cell's action potential should fire at a steady rate
168
_______ are slowly adapting mechanoreceptors with small receptive fields and _________ are rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors with large receptive fields.
Merkel's disk
| Pacinian corpuscle
169
Endolymph has a high concentration of _____; which _______ a hair cell when it rushes in.
K+
| Depolarizes
170
Collectively, the receptive fields of one dorsal root ganglia are called:
Dermatome
171
A photon is passing through a stack of membranous disks in a rod's outer segment and makes contact with a rhodopsin molecule. Photo dissociation occurs and retinal is converted to ________. This ultimately leads to ____ of the Na+ channels of the rod.
All-trans-retinal
| Closing
172
When an outbreak of the _______ virus occurs! you can identify and map specific Dermatomes in the human body. This occurs because such a virus ______.
Herpes zoster
| Remains dormant in nerves of the DRG until an outbreak
173
After sound waves move through the external auditory meatus and vibrate the tympanic membrane, three auditory ossicles transmits this sound to the cochlea. What is the last auditory ossicle in this series and what is the part of the cochlea that it DIRECTLY interacts with?
Stapes
| Oval window
174
A stimulus is applied to a receptor of a neuron. There is a rapid increase in the frequency of action potentials in this neuron, followed by a quick reduction of the frequency of these action potentials while the stimulus is still present at the receptor. This is also known as fast-adaption. What kind of receptor am I referring to?
Phasic receptor
175
_______ in the fovea converge onto each bipolar cells (and ultimately ganglion cells); which is why we see ______ in the center of our field of vision.
Single cones
| Much detail
176
What is the term for the rate of firing proportional to stimulus strength?
Neural response
177
The range of the stimulus or the area covered by the stimulus that causes a sensory neuron to respond?
Receptive field
178
Receptors that respond to mechanical pressure or touch on the surface of the body
Mechanoreceptors
179
What are the two forms of firing in somatosensation?
```
Phasic receptor (fast-adapting)
Tonic receptor (slow-adapting)
```
180
What are the 4 types of mechanoreceptors?
Messner corpuscle
Merkel discs
Pacinian corpuscle
Ruffini endings
181
Which mechanoreceptors are near the surface of the skin?
Meissner corpuscle & merkel discs
182
Which mechanoreceptors are deep in the skin?
Pacinian corpuscle
| Ruffini endings
183
Which mechanoreceptors are rapidly adapting (Phasic response) and which are slowly adapting (tonic response)?
Rapidly adapting - Meissner & Pacinian
| Slowly adapting - merkel & Ruffini
184
_______ map to specific area on the body
Receptive fields
185
_______ of receptive fields varies across the body
Density
186
_________ maps out receptive field density
Two-touch discrimination
187
______ determines density of receptive fields.
Two-point touch
188
Each somatosensory neuron has a single small ___________.
Receptive field
189
Multiple somatosensory neurons are gathered into a single ________.
Spinal nerve
190
Cell bodies of the sensory neurons are gathered in _________.
Dorsal root ganglia
191
Sensory afferents enter the _______ of the sonal cord
Dorsal horn
192
Somatosensory nerves send projects to _______ side of the cerebral cortex
Contralateral
193
Ability of identify the 3D shape of an object
Stereopsis
194
What is important for speech?
Tactile sensations
195
What is the last line of defense?
Lips and tongue
196
Being able to respond really well to a playing cars edge down horizontally describes what?
Feature extraction
197
What are the receptor cells for audition and vestibular system?
Hair cells
198
In the vestibular apparatus, what two things detect linear acceleration?
Utricle & saccule
199
In vestibular apparatus: what detects rotational acceleration?
Semicircular canals
200
What detects sound waves?
Cochlea
201
The inner ear is connected by ducts filled with what?
Endolymph
202
Endolymph is high in what element?
Potassium
203
Tufted projections that stick into endolymph, and gelatinous tectoral membranes and bend with vibration?
Stereocilia
204
Bending of Stereocilia opens what kind of channels?
K+ channels
205
The tallest cilia is called what?
Kinocilium
206
When the Stereocilia are bent _______ the Kinocilium then the hair cells release more transmitter/get more depolarized
Towards
207
If the hair cells release less neurotransmitter then what way are they bent?
Away from the Kinocilium
208
To maintain balance and maintenance of gaze and posture describes what system?
Vestibular system
209
Utricle detects linear acceleration using _____ as inertial mass to detect gravity and stopping/starting during linear motion
Otoliths
210
____________ detect rotational acceleration in each of 3 planes.
Semicircular canals
211
You need 2 out of 3 of these inputs to maintain your balance, what are the 3?
Inner ear, vision, propioception
212
What detects linear acceleration?
Utricle
213
What detects rotational acceleration?
Semicircular canals
214
Each semicircular canal has it's own _____, which stretches across the diameter of the canal.
Cupula
215
Low frequency sound vibrates the ____ of cochlea.
Apex
216
High frequency sound vibrates _____ of cochlea.
Base
217
What are the three small bones in the cochlea starting with the first one and ending with the one that goes to the oval window?
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
218
Describe the vibrations of the basilar membrane?
Vibrations of oval window ----> vibrations in endolymph ---> vibration of basilar membrane
219
The basilar membrane stretches across the length of what?
Cochlea
220
Hair cells are tuned by their position in _______
Cochlea
221
Hair cells at the _____ tend to die off sooner as you age.
Base
222
What is the term for the example of sound integration with visual information to change perception of syllable?
McGurk Effect
223
If you damage wernicke's area what will happen?
You won't be able to understand speech, but you can talk
224
If you damage Broca's area what will happen?
You will be able to understand what's being said but you won't be able to talk
225
Which area of the eye has the highest density of photoreceptors?
Fovea
226
Photoreceptor cells synapse onto _____ cells.
Bipolar
227
_____ cells synapse onto ganglian cells in the retina
Bipolar
228
_____ cells project to brain via optic nerve
Ganglion
229
In fovea, ____ photoreceptor(s) transmits to ___ ganglion cell(s)
One ; one
230
In periphery, _____ photoreceptor(s) transmit to ____ ganglion cell(s)
Multiple ; one
231
The fovea has the highest density of _____.
Cones
232
Rods contain light-sensitive photopigment protein _______
Rhodopsin
233
Cones contain the photopigment _______
Photopsin
234
Photopsins are either ____, _____, or ______.
S (short blue)
M (medium green)
L (long red)
235
___ & ___ pigment genes are next to each other on X chromosomes.
L & M
236
Loss of ___ or ___ gene leads to X-linked red-green color blindness
L, M
237
_____ detects general luminance for pupillary reflex & entrain circadian rhythms
Melanopsin
238
Rod Photoreceptors have what kind of channels on their plasma membrane?
cGMP-gated Na+ channels
239
In the dark, cGMP levels are ____
High
240
Retinal is what vitamin?
Vitamin A
241
Light activates ______ in the disk membranes by alternating configuration of retinal
Rhodopsin
242
Rhodopsin is what kind of receptor?
G-protein coupled receptor
243
In the dark, cGMP-gated Na+ channels are ___
OPEN
244
Photoreceptor cells are activated in dark or light?
Dark
245
11-cis-retinal occurs in the dark or light?
Dark
246
All-trans retinal occurs in the light or dark?
Light
247
Photoreceptors cells are couples to ganglion cells via _____ cells
Bipolar
248
Input from bipolar cells is modulated by _____ cells
Horizontal cells
249
Receptive field of ganglion cell is based on what two things?
1. Special location
| 2. Contrast
250
What is the specific spot in the visual field as it is projected onto the retina at the back of the eye?
Spatial location
251
Contrast allows ganglion cells to respond well to ________ in the visual field.
High contract edges
252
What are the two types of ganglion cell receptive fields?
On-center field
| Off-center fields
253
Optic nerves meet, enter the brain, and cross at the ____.
Optic chasm
254
After optic chasm, the nerve fibers are called the _______
Optic tract
255
If you have a small lesion (dot) in your left eye retina, what does your visual field look like?
A spot appears in the shared right visual field
256
If you have a transection of the left optic nerve, what will your visual field look like?
Everything unique to the left eye is black
257
If you have a transection of the left optic tract, what will your visual field look like?
Complete blackness of both the shared right visual field and the unique visual field
258
What would happen to the visual field if you had a transection of the optic chasm?
Everything unique to the left eye is black, everything unique to the right eye is black. The shared visual field is okay
259
Simple or complex cells? Respond to orientation of stimulus at a specific spot in visual field; built up from input of ganglion cells
Simple cells
260
Simple or complex cells? Respond to orientation and direction of movement anywhere in the field; built up from input of simple cells
Complex cells
261
What is the dorsal pathway?
Visual cortex -----> parietal cortex
262
"Where" info describes which pathway?
Dorsal
263
What would happen if you got a lesion in the dorsal pathway?
You couldn't pick up objects
264
Describe the ventral pathway
Visual cortex ----> temporal lobe
265
What pathway asks "what" info
Ventral pathway
266
What would happen if there was a lesion in the ventral pathway?
You couldn't recognize or describe objects and orientations, but visually guided motor responses okay
267
For the circles: a person with ventral lesion would see what?
Same size circles
268
For the circles: a normal dorsal pathway sees what?
Same sizes
269
For the circles: a person with normal ventral pathway would see what?
Two different sizes
