Exam 2 (2)

Question 1

Some characteristic features of bryophytes

Answer 1

• Most primitive of all plants
• Poikliohydric
• Non-vascular
• Haploid dominant life cycle

Question 2

Life cycle of bryophytes includes a haploid _____ phase alternating with a diploid ______ phase

Answer 2

• Gametophye

- Sporophyte

Question 3

All higher plants have a life cycle dominated by diploid _____ and ______ is greatly reduced

Answer 3

• Sporophyte

- Gametophyte

Question 4

Bryophytes are ______ dominant

Answer 4

gametophyte

Question 5

Bryophytes are direct descendants of ______

Answer 5

Charophyta

Question 6

Features Bryophytes share with Charophyta

Answer 6

• 3D branching
• Cell division mechanism
• Presence of antheridia
• Dominant gametophyte

Question 7

______ is the common ancestor to Bryophyta and higher vascular plants

Answer 7

charophyta

Question 8

New traits in bryophytes as adaptions to life on land

Answer 8

• Both egg and sperm are protected in multicellular structures
• Stomata for water conservation
• 2n sporophyte is dependent on n gametophyte
• The fertilized egg is retained by parent plant for greater protection
• Origin of cuticle for water conservation

Question 9

Pokilohydric

Answer 9

Water content of bryophyte changes with water content of environmetn

Question 10

Mosses are ______ and can change moisture with the environment and can dry without ______

Answer 10

poikilohydric / dying

Question 11

Mosses are the _____ of the plant world

Answer 11

Amphibians

Question 12

How do ectohydric mosses conserve water

Answer 12

-capillary spaces hold water

Question 13

Mosses reproduce by:

Answer 13

windblown spores

Question 14

3 DIVISIONS of bryophytes

Answer 14

Anthrocerophyta
Hepatophyta
Bryophyta

Question 15

Anthocerophyta are the ______ and are characterized by

Answer 15

• Hornworts
• Rosette like thallus
• Habitat: moist soil
• Long sporophore dehisces longitudinally

Question 16

Hepatophyta are the _____ and are characterized by:

Answer 16

-Liverworts
-Strongly flattened form
-sexual and asexual reproduction
-two forms: leafy and thalloid
Simple sporophyte splits open

Question 17

Bryophyta are the ______ and are characterized by:

Answer 17

• The mosses
• growth form erect or flatted
• leaves spirally arranged
• complex sporophyte

Question 18

3 CLASSES of Bryophyta

Answer 18

• Andreales
• Sphagnales
• Bryales

Question 19

The granite mosses are the ______

Answer 19

Andreales

Question 20

The Peat mosses are the

Answer 20

Sphagnales

Question 21

the true mosses are the

Answer 21

bryales

Question 22

• Reddish, black short turf on rocks
  • Capsule splits longitudinally, like liverworts
  • Precociousspore germination

Answer 22

Granite mosses

Question 23

-Network of dead and living cells
• Enormouswater holding capacity
• Sporophyteopens with “pop-gun” mechanism

Answer 23

Peat mosses

Question 24

Habitat of bryophytes

Answer 24

• Most abundant in noise habitats
• Can tolerate stress
• Successful where vascular plants are excluded

Question 25

Bryophytes ONLY photosynthesize when:

Answer 25

Hydrated or illuminated

Question 26

Ecosystem roles of Bryophytes

Answer 26

- Nutrient cycling - Invertebrate habitat - seed bed - Soil stabilization - Wetland formation - Biodiversity

Question 27

plant body strongly flattened and not divided into shoots or leaves: gemmae cups often produced

Answer 27

Thallose liverworts

Question 28

Plants with sporophyte that open at peristome, which has teeth

Answer 28

True mosses

Question 29

rare primitive plants typified by a flat plate of green tissue and a single erect sporophyte that splits open logitudinally

Answer 29

Hornworts