Exam 2 Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
Malaria
A
- approx. 40% of the worlds population at risk
- vector: mosquito
- largest killer
- 4 types
- children at risk, other risk groups pregnant women; non-immune adults
- spreading to new areas
2
Q
TB
A
- 1/3 world population is infected
- airborne
- begins as TB infection—turns to active TB when immune system compromised
- CONTAGIOUS ONLY WHEN ACTIVE (OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TB DISEASE)
- leading cause of death in HIV
- 95% of all cases in developing countries
- concern in Japan due to aging population (got infection during war, now changing to active TB)
3
Q
HIV/AIDS in E Africa and E Asia
A
HIV/AIDS
* majority of people infected are in developing countries (est. 9/10 don't know infected) * highest rates historically in Africa but growing quickly in other areas
AIDS in East Africa
* High rates that fell in Uganda due to government support and AIDS Support Organization (TASO) * Diffusion patterns linked with TASO centers * Willing to discuss--cooperation from gov't * recently stagnation reports questionable (prevalence vs. incidence rate) * culture * * gender (women) * employment (employed truck driver and fisherman) * religion (non pligomus)
AIDS in East Asia
* Initially low rates in Japan * * Isolation---island nation * Diffusion---Just didn't get there yet * Population---ethnically homogeneous? * Definition of sex? * Last few decades increasing rates * * oral contraceptives? * reluctant to discuss---cultural trait?
4
Q
Types of places names
A
- Imoarts a certain character on a place
- reflects the social processes in a place
- can give us a glimpse of history of a place
5
Q
agent
A
disease causing organism
6
Q
vector
A
Transmits (intermediate host), ex. mosquito
7
Q
host
A
Carries
8
Q
reservoir
A
Natural or long term host—source of the disease
9
Q
pandemic
A
epidemic that reached global distribution)
10
Q
endemic
A
(always present, ex. common cold in U.S.)
11
Q
infectious
A
- Accounts for approximately 45-50% of deaths in low income countries
- Accounts for approximately 48-50% of premature deaths in low income countries
12
Q
chronic/degeneration
A
noncommunicable diseases (ex. diabetes, heart disease)
13
Q
genetic/inherited
A
may not or may be inherited (ex. sickle cell disease, hemophilia)
14
Q
global population distribution
A
- unevenly distributed
- habitable vs uninhabitable
- arable vs non-arable (exception: where people have developed an alternative way to a living, e.g. mining)
- dense populations? why in those places?
- Future? Implications?
15
Q
sleeping sicknes
A
(not pandemic)
* Vector: Tsetse fly * Mostly Found Central Africa * Drug controversy
16
Q
population growth rate
A
how fast is population growing? 0%-4%
17
Q
Crude birth/death rate
A
- crude birth and death rates
- # of births/yrs
- population
18
Q
density
A
of people per mile
19
Q
population pyrimads
A
- problems with an aging population or vice-versa?
- if you have a pyramid that are smaller at top but a wider bottom would generally be a lesser developed country
- country more developed will have a pyramid that is evenly distributed
20
Q
demographic transition cycle
A
- stage 1 High stationary
- stage 2 Early expanding
- Stage 3 late expanding
- stage 4 low stationary
- How does world fit?
- no stage 1
- stage 2: developing countries
- stage 3: menifacts vs artifacts=lag?
- stage 4: developed countries
- not always accurate in predicting demographic change in less developed countries
21
Q
push-pull factors
A
Intervening opportunity
22
Q
intervening opportunity
A
- Economic condition
- Political circumstances
- Armed conflict/ war
- Environmental conditions
- culture/tradition
- Technological advances
- flow of information
23
Q
refuges
A
- Approximately 15-30 millions in the world at any time
- 3 characteristics
- they tend too start there journey with a more primitive form of transportation (walking, bike, boat)
- they tend to only take with them only the stuff they can carry physically
- they tend to not have official documentation on them
24
Q
action space
A
-pqce 2hhahhau
25
cyclic movement
action space (space within cyclic movement occurs)
26
periodic movement
(movement that happens once in while)
27
migratory movement
(its an actual move and your not coming back)
28
tonal language
* tone creates meaning
* Characters are ideas (pictures)
* Example: Chinese
29
indo-european languages
* Romance languages
* Germanic languages
* Slavic languages
30
standard language
* Official Language (chosen by the government)
* Standard Language (made so everyone can understand)
* Government role
31
lingua franca
trade and commerce (ex. swahilli was created to help many tribes to communicate with each other for commerce)
32
african languages
* extreme language diversity
* effects of colonialism
* Nigeria has more than 400 different languages
33
toponyma(types)
* a place name
*
* Imoarts a certain character on a place
* reflects the social processes in a place
* can give us a glimpse of history of a place
* Descriptive- describes the place
* Incident- something that happened there
* Manufactured- made up
* Possessive- named after a person
34
reasons for changing names
* Economic condition
* Political circumstances
* Armed conflict/ war
* Environmental conditions
* culture/tradition
* Technological advances
* flow of information
35
external/internal migration
* population grows geometrically (exponentially)
* food sources increase arithmetically (linearly)
* malthusian checks? are events that kill a large number of people. natural or man made disasters
* criticisms?
36
chronic disease
-noncommunicable diseases (ex. diabetes, heart disease)
37
isogloss
(boundary in which a particular dialect is spoken)
