Exam 2

Question 1

Name 3 normal flora organisms on skin and briefly describe each.

Answer 1

Staphylococcus epidermidis:
-lives in SALTY environment
Propionibacterium acnes:
-lives on fatty acids in sebum secreted by sebaceous glands in follicles
Micrococcus luteus:
-obligate aerobe
-also found in mouth, mucosa, oropharynx, upper resp

Question 2

Name 3 gram positive cocci that are Staph and Strep oriented.

Answer 2

Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenis

Question 3

What organism are staphylococcal infections generally caused by and why?

Answer 3

Staphylococcus aureus because it secretes enzymes and toxins to break down skin

Question 4

Define folliculitis and how is it caused.

Answer 4

inflamation of follicle caused by bacterial or fungal infection

Question 5

What organism is most common cause of strep?

Answer 5

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 6

AKA for boil?

Answer 6

Furuncle

Question 7

What is a stye?

Answer 7

inflamed oil gland on eye lid

Question 8

What causes scalded skin syndrome?

Answer 8

Staphylococcal aureus

(SSSS) Staphylcoccal Scalded Skin Syndrome

Question 9

What exotoxin is released by the organism causing SSS?

Answer 9

Exfoliatoxin

Question 10

What is an aka for scarlet fever and what organism causes this disease?

Answer 10

Scarletina

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 11

What exotoxin is released by the organism causing scarlet fever?

Answer 11

Eryhthrogenic toxin

Question 12

Side affects of scarlet fever?

Answer 12

• Flat/Pink rash
• Can cause strep throat
• may develop into glomerulonephritis or rheumatic fever

Question 13

What does glomerulonephritis do?

Answer 13

Causes immune response that blocks fenustrated capillaries ultimately blocking urine flow out of kideys

Question 14

What is convalescence?

Answer 14

May regain strength after illness but still not necessarily well

Question 15

What is the significance of Rebecca Lancefield?

Answer 15

Created Streptococcus classification based cell surface markers

Question 16

What is an aka for Erysipelas and what organism causes it?

Answer 16

St. Anthony’s fire

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 17

What does Eysipelas do to an individual and how?

Answer 17

-Creates red skin of upper dermis and superficial lymphatics by secreting hyaluronidase

Question 18

What bacterial skin infection lacks immunity and increases in returned events and severity?

Answer 18

Erysipelas

Question 19

What is a pyoderma and what organisms cause it?

Answer 19

-anything that produces puss
Streptococcus
Cornebacterium

Question 20

What organism causes impetigo?

Answer 20

• Streptococcus

- OR BOTH Streoptococcus and Staphylococcus

Question 21

What 2 organisms causes common acne and how?

Answer 21

• Acne vulgaris
• Propionibacterium acnes
• By increasing sebaceous secretion from male sex hormones

Question 22

What organisms causes burn infections?

Answer 22

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa

- Serratia marcescens

Question 23

Symptoms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection?

Answer 23

• Greenish brown discoloration
• Smelly feet odor
• Grape like odor

Question 24

What is the normal flora on flowers?

Answer 24

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 25

What organism is found in stagnant water and have pink color?

Answer 25

Serratia marcescens

Question 26

What is the term for the thick crusty scab forming over burns?

Answer 26

Eschar

Question 27

Name common organisms of bacterial eye infections?

Answer 27

``` Neisseria ghonorrhoeae Chlamydia Staphylococcus aereus Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenza ```

Question 28

What the term for conjunctivitus of a newborn?

Answer 28

Opthalmia neonatorium

Question 29

What are 2 common organisms causing opthalmic neonatorum and their side affects?

Answer 29

Neisseria Ghonorrhoeae Chlamydia trachomatis -causes inflammation, scarring, and blindness of cornea

Question 30

What is the term for inflammation of cornea?

Answer 30

Keratitis

Question 31

What is the current treatment for opthalmic neonatorum

Answer 31

- Tetracycline | - Silver nitrate will work for ghonorrhea but not chlamydia

Question 32

What microorganism classifications will cause conjunctivitis and which are more rare, contageous, and severe?

Answer 32

- Bacteria - Virus- more contageous, least serious b/c virus communicate through respiratotry - Fungi- rare

Question 33

Treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis infections?

Answer 33

Sulfonamides (antibacterial)

Question 34

What organism causes trochema?

Answer 34

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 35

Define fomite, vehicle, and vector.

Answer 35

Fomite- something you touch Vehicle- something inside you like food poisoning Vector: -Mechanical- organism simply carries bacteria from one place to other -Biological- organism transfers bacteria but is also affecting person as well

Question 36

What is german measles?

Answer 36

Rubella

Question 37

Name organisms of viral conjunctivitis.

Answer 37

``` Rubella Measles (rubeola) Varicella and Herpes Zoster Smallpox Molluscum contagiosa Warts ```

Question 38

Where are the symptoms of rubella and where?

Answer 38

flat pink rash on trunk | arthritis and arthralgia (not from virus itself)

Question 39

How is rubella transmitted?

Answer 39

Entry- mucous membrane | Exit- respiratory

Question 40

What type of virus does the Herpes Zoster become after traveling from DRG to skin?

Answer 40

Lytic

Question 41

What causes small pox, its sympomss, and transmission?

Answer 41

- Variola major and minor - puss filled vessicles in mouth -> face/forearms/hands ->trunk & fever/backache/headache/meningitus/ensephilitus - Entry: respiratory

Question 42

What herpes virus is HHV-6?

Answer 42

Rubeola (measles)