Exam 2

Question 0

Wavelength determines

Answer 0

The color or hue

Question 1

Wavelength

Answer 1

Distance crest to crest

Nanometer is a unit of measure

Question 2

Human visible spectrum

Answer 2

360-760nm

Question 3

Anatomy of the eye

Answer 3

Cornea
Iris
Pupil 
Lens
Retina

Question 4

Photoreceptors

Answer 4

Rods and cones

Question 5

Cones/photopic is best at

Answer 5

Yellow green when light adapted

Question 6

Rods/Scotopic is best at

Answer 6

Blue green when dark adapted

Question 7

Erytholabe

Answer 7

Red (L-570nm)

Question 8

Chlorolabe

Answer 8

Green (M-535nm)

Question 9

Cyanolabe

Answer 9

Blue (S-445nm)

Question 10

Monochromatism

Answer 10

2 of the 3 cone pigments are absent

Question 11

Protagonist

Answer 11

No L pigment

Question 12

Deuteranopia

Answer 12

No M pigment

Question 13

Tritanopia

Answer 13

No S pigment

Question 14

Protoanomaly

Answer 14

Deficient L cone red 7% of males

Question 15

Deuteranomaly

Answer 15

Deficient M cone

Question 16

Photopic Vision

Answer 16

Light vision
Day active animals
Cone based
Color

Question 17

Scotopic vision

Answer 17

Dark vision
Nocturnal animals
Rod based
No color

Question 18

Light Adaptation

Answer 18

Very fast

Question 19

Dark Adaptation

Answer 19

Cones take five minutes

Rods take 25-30 minutes

Question 20

Static monocular cues

Answer 20

Interposition 
Aerial perspective
Shading and light
Shading and shape
Elevation
Linear perspective
Texture gradients
Relative size
Familiar size

Question 21

Dynamic monocular cues

Answer 21

Motion parallax
Accommodation
Artificial gradients and driving speed

Question 22

Binocular cues

Answer 22

Convergence

Binocular disparity

Question 23

Range of hearing

Answer 23

20 HZ to 20,000 Hz

Question 24

Sones

Answer 24

40 db at 1000 Hz

Question 25

Phons

Answer 25

1 dB at 1000 Hz

Question 26

Outer ear

Answer 26

Pinna External auditory canal Eardrum

Question 27

Pinna

Answer 27

Protects Funnels Amplifies

Question 28

External auditory canal

Answer 28

Conducts | Amplifies

Question 29

Eardrum

Answer 29

Vibrates | Transforms vibration into mechanical motion

Question 30

``` Ossicles Impedance matching function Mechanical force magnification Area concentration Eustachian tube Bone conduction ```

Answer 30

Middle ear

Question 31

Ossicles

Answer 31

Malleus (hammer) Incus (anvil) Stapes (stirrup)

Question 32

Malleus

Answer 32

Hammer

Question 33

Incus

Answer 33

Anvil

Question 34

Stapes

Answer 34

Stirrup

Question 35

Inner ear

Answer 35

Cochlea | Organ of Corti

Question 36

Organ of Corti

Answer 36

Inner hair cells | Outer hair cells

Question 37

Inner hair cells

Answer 37

3500 90% of 50,000 neurons Frequency discrimination

Question 38

Outer hair cells

Answer 38

20,000 | Sensitive to threshold level sound

Question 39

Perceiving pitch

Answer 39

Place theory | Frequency match theory

Question 40

Place theory

Answer 40

Totally tonotopic organization and responding Envelope of traveling wave Peak is determined by frequency

Question 41

Frequency matching theory

Answer 41

Entire membrane vibrates neuron firing rate matches frequency of vibration Volley firing principle

Question 42

Auditory Alarms

Answer 42

``` Omnidirectional receiver +30 db for salience Do not exceed danger level Startle issue Be informative (directional info?) Minimize confusability Absolute judgement limitations ```

Question 43

Designer alarms

Answer 43

Pitch Envelope Rhythm Timbre

Question 44

Vestibular system

Answer 44

Semicircular canals

Question 45

Semicircular Canals

Answer 45

3 pairs filled with fluid 90 degree offset for each pair Motion sickness

Question 46

Motion sickness

Answer 46

Cue conflict theory The poison position Nausea, vomiting,dizziness, cold sweating, over production of saliva How to prevent: Reduce head and body movement Try to match visual and vestibular info (look outside) Don't drink, lose sleep, get sick, be stressed, be too warm Take meds

Question 47

Skin senses

Answer 47

Tactile Haptic proprioception Kinesthesis

Question 48

Tactile

Answer 48

BASIC touch | Pressure

Question 49

Haptics

Answer 49

Integration of touch and position | Sense of object form

Question 50

Proprioception

Answer 50

Joint position

Question 51

Kinesthesis

Answer 51

Motion of body parts